11

Study of Study of BiologyBiology

The study of all living The study of all living thingsthings

Living things are called Living things are called organismsorganisms

Bacteria, protists, Bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, & animalsfungi, plants, & animals

22

All Organisms Share All Organisms Share Common Common

CharacteristicsCharacteristicsCellular OrganizationCellular Organization

HomeostasisHomeostasis

MetabolismMetabolism

Respond to stimuliRespond to stimuli

ReproduceReproduce

Heredity (DNA)Heredity (DNA)

GrowthGrowth

Cellular Cellular OrganizationOrganization

33

Cells are the Cells are the smallest living unit smallest living unit of an organismof an organism

Cells have parts called Cells have parts called organellesorganelles that do different jobsthat do different jobs

All cells are surrounded by a All cells are surrounded by a cell cell membrane membrane that controls what that controls what enters & leaves the cellenters & leaves the cell

Same basic structure in all Same basic structure in all organismsorganisms

44

Organisms are Grouped Organisms are Grouped by their Number of Cellsby their Number of Cells

UnicellularUnicellular Organisms OrganismsLiving Organism Made Up Of Living Organism Made Up Of One CellOne Cell

MulticellularMulticellular Organisms OrganismsLiving Organism Made Up Of Living Organism Made Up Of Many, Specialized CellsMany, Specialized Cells

55

HomeostasisHomeostasisKeeping the Keeping the internal environment internal environment of the Cell or organism within the of the Cell or organism within the ranges required for liferanges required for life

Stable internal conditions of Stable internal conditions of pH, pH, temperature, water balance, etctemperature, water balance, etc..

66

MetabolismMetabolismThe sum of all The sum of all chemical chemical reactionsreactions carried out by an carried out by an organismorganism

SunlightSunlight is the source of is the source of energy for plants - energy for plants - photosynthesisphotosynthesis

PlantsPlants serve as the source of serve as the source of energy for other organisms – energy for other organisms – cellular respirationcellular respiration

77

ResponseResponseOrganismsOrganisms respondrespond to their to their external environmentexternal environment

StimuliStimuli like Temperature, like Temperature, Water, Food Supplies, etc.Water, Food Supplies, etc.

Plants Plants bendbend toward sunlighttoward sunlight, a , a bird bird fluffsfluffs feathersfeathers for warmth for warmth

88

ReproductionReproductionSexual ReproductionSexual Reproduction

Involves 2 parentsInvolves 2 parents

Offspring DIFFERENT from Offspring DIFFERENT from parentsparents

Asexual reproductionAsexual reproductionOnly 1 parentOnly 1 parent

Offspring identical to Offspring identical to parentparent

99

HeredityHeredityAll cells contain All cells contain DNA DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) (deoxyribose nucleic acid) carries the genetic code for carries the genetic code for all organismsall organisms

DNADNA codes for the proteins codes for the proteins that make up cells & do all that make up cells & do all the workthe workThe DNA molecule is the The DNA molecule is the same in same in ALL ALL organismsorganisms

1010

GrowthGrowthAll Organisms All Organisms grow and grow and developdevelop

Organisms grow by Organisms grow by producingproducing more cells more cells & by & by cell enlargementcell enlargement

Organisms develop as they Organisms develop as they mature into mature into an adult an adult organismorganism

1111

Where Life Begins

1212

1313