1. What type of religion did the Egyptians practice? 2. What was the purpose of the Egyptian pyramids? 3. Why did the Egyptians make mummies? - Write and answer the questions using your notes from last class - Bell Ringer BrainPOP Pharaohs History and Kingdoms of Ancient Egypt Guided Notes Journals Through History Video Exit Ticket Kingdoms When the land around the Nile River was first settled, people lived in small villages. Because the natural barriers protected Egypt from invaders, the villages grew. Eventually two separate kingdoms were formed Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. King Narmer (sometimes called Menes) wanted to unite the two kingdoms and create one bigger and stronger Egypt. After he united the two kingdoms, Narmer combined the white crown of Upper Egypt with the red crown of Lower Egypt to symbolize his leadership over both. Narmer is considered to be Egypts first pharaoh and the founder of the first Egyptian dynasty. A dynasty is a series of rulers from the same family. A famous artifact from around 3100 BC depicting the unification of Egypt under King Narmer.. The history of ancient Egypt can be separated into three different time periods: Old Kingdom Age of the pyramids Middle Kingdom Time of cultural diffusion New Kingdom Period of power and glory Age of Pyramids 3100 2180 BC Egyptians believed that the pharaoh was both a king and a god. The pharaoh was the living Horus They began to build pyramids. 2050 1750 BC Began to trade with nearby civilizations like Mesopotamia. Learned many new things Wheel, Cart, Plow The sharing of ideas between different cultures. Two ways: Trade War and conquering Hyksos invaded and took over Egypt for 200 years. They used horses, chariots, and advanced weapons made of bronze to conquer the Egyptians. 1570 1070 BC Egyptians did not want to be invaded again, so they increased the size of their army. Egypt took over enormous lands and was the leading military power in the area. Egypt became rich because of trade and the lands it conquered. During the New Kingdom, Egypt reached the height of its power and glory. Flip your page over and take notes on some of the important Egyptian pharaohs! Make a T-Chart PharaohKnown for Hatshepsut Amenhotep Tutankhamen Ramses II Hatshepsut helped Egypt recover after the Hyksos invasion. She increased trade and built many temples. Tried to change Egypts religion to monotheism the worship of only one god Aten (a version of the sun god, Ra) Changed his name to Ahkenaten Ruled from age 9 to his death at 19 Most famous because his tomb was discovered full of artifacts and treasures Called Ramses the Great Considered one of Egypts greatest rulers Fought the Hittites for 15 years Expanded the kingdom Built lasting temples Assyrians 681 BC Persians 525 BC Alexander the Great 332 BC Romans 32 BC