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11 โ€ข ์˜์–ด ์˜์—ญ โ€ข ์ • ๋‹ต 1 โ‘ข 2 โ‘ฃ 3 โ‘ค 4 โ‘ข 5 โ‘ฃ 6 โ‘ข 7 โ‘  8 โ‘ค 9 โ‘ฃ 10 โ‘ก 11 โ‘  12 โ‘ก 13 โ‘ก 14 โ‘ก 15 โ‘  16 โ‘ข 17 โ‘ฃ 18 โ‘  19 โ‘ฃ 20 โ‘  21 โ‘  22 โ‘ค 23 โ‘ค 24 โ‘ค 25 โ‘ฃ 26 โ‘ฃ 27 โ‘ข 28 โ‘ข 29 โ‘ก 30 โ‘ฃ 31 โ‘  32 โ‘ก 33 โ‘  34 โ‘ก 35 โ‘ข 36 โ‘ข 37 โ‘ค 38 โ‘ฃ 39 โ‘ค 40 โ‘ก 41 โ‘ค 42 โ‘ค 43 โ‘ก 44 โ‘ข 45 โ‘ฃ ํ•ด ์„ค 1. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋‹ดํ™”์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. M: Hello, students of the Live Photography Club. Iโ€™m glad to see you at East Hills Zoo today. Before we start, I want to share some tips for taking good photos of animals. First, be patient. Take your time until the animal is positioned for a good shot. Second, try to avoid using the flash on your camera. The flash impacts some of the shadows that natural light creates, making the picture look โ€œflatโ€ and less interesting. Lastly, I also recommend you try using burst mode. Burst mode allows you to rapidly take a sequence of photos and capture action shots of animals. Now, letโ€™s split up and try to get the best animal pictures. 2. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์ž์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. M: Olivia, what are you doing on your computer? W: Hi, Jason. Iโ€™m clearing out old emails from my inbox. M: Why are you deleting them? W: Because deleting old, unnecessary emails can be a step to saving the planet by reducing our carbon footprint. M: What do you mean by that? W: You know emails you never deleted are stored in data centers, right? M: Yeah, I know that. W: The data centers consume quite a lot of electricity. A lot of electricity is still generated by burning fossil fuels. M: You mean using less data storage helps save electricity? W: Right. We need to delete unneeded emails to reduce carbon emissions. M: Now I understand the environmental impact of undeleted emails. Iโ€™ll check my own inbox now. 3. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์ž์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. W: Excuse me. M: Hello. How may I help you? W: Hi. Iโ€™m here to talk about your building construction. Who should I talk to about it? M: Iโ€™m in charge. You can talk to me. W: Okay. Your construction site is producing a lot of dust. M: Oh, really? Weโ€™ve already set up a dust screen. W: I know, but I live right across the street from here, and I still canโ€™t open the windows in my house. M: Oh, weโ€™re very sorry for your inconvenience. W: Iโ€™d like you to take additional measures to solve this problem. M: All right. Weโ€™ll have a meeting and try to find a better solution as soon as possible. W: Okay. Thank you. 4. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ์ผ์น˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. M: Silvia, guess what I did last weekend. W: Sounds like you did something special. M: Yes, I went on a family picnic. Look at this picture. W: It looks great! Who is this girl in the boat? Sheโ€™s wearing a striped hat. M: Sheโ€™s my younger sister, Jenny. She likes to wear that hat outside. W: Oh, youโ€™re rowing the boat. Wasnโ€™t it hard work? M: Yeah, it was a little hard, but my sister really enjoyed the boat ride. W: Youโ€™re such a good brother. And what is this in front of your boat? M: Itโ€™s a duck. Its head is under the surface of the water. W: I guess itโ€™s trying to get some food in the water. M: The man sitting under the triangular sun shade is my father. Heโ€™s relaxing. W: I see. The two hot air balloons in the sky look awesome. M: Yeah, it was my first time seeing real hot air balloons. W: Cool! You must have had a really great weekend. 5. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. W: Hi, Mr. White. The school concert starts in the afternoon. M: Yeah, I know. I think we need to check if everything is well prepared. W: Good idea. M: Did you call Henry this morning? Heโ€™s the student MC for the concert. W: I told him to come to the auditorium by 10 a.m. for the rehearsal. M: Good. The participants know the order of their performances, right? W: I told them all about it. Ah, we should also adjust the position of the piano on the stage. M: Donโ€™t worry. I already did it yesterday afternoon. W: Thank you, Mr. White. Then now I think all we have to do is check the stage lighting and get some wireless microphones ready. M: The wireless microphones are in the broadcasting room. Iโ€™ll go and take them to the auditorium. W: Okay. Then, Iโ€™ll go to the auditorium and check the lighting. M: All right. See you there in a minute. 6. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. M: Welcome to Lynnโ€™s Garden Center. How may I help you? W: Hi, Iโ€™m looking for some gardening tools. Do you have any shovels? M: Of course. We have two types of shovel. W: Whatโ€™s the difference between the two types? M: One has a plastic handle, and the other has a wooden handle. W: Well, wooden handles are stronger than plastic ones. Iโ€™ll buy a shovel with a wooden handle. How much is it? M: Originally they cost $20 each, but all shovels are 10% off this week. W: Great! I also need some gardening gloves. M: Okay. I recommend these rubbercoated gloves. A pair of them cost $8, but two pairs cost only $12. W: Oh, Iโ€™ll buy two pairs. M: Good. So you want one shovel with a wooden handle and two pairs of gardening gloves, right? W: Yes, thatโ€™s all. Hereโ€™s my credit card. 7. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ • ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ ๋‹ค. M: Hi, Nicole. What are you reading? W: Hi, Danny. Iโ€™m reading the newly released book, London Ever After. M: Oh, I want to buy that book, too. W: You can get a copy of its limited hardcover edition at Jacksonโ€™s bookstore. M: I know, but Iโ€™m going to buy its eBook version, instead. W: Is there any reason you prefer eBooks? Are they cheaper? M: Well, there isnโ€™t much difference in the price. W: Is that so? Then, is it because eBooks are more convenient to carry around? M: Well, thatโ€™s not the reason, either. Actually, you can change the text size while reading eBooks. W: You mean youโ€™re able to adjust the font size? M: Exactly. Thatโ€™s why I want to buy the eBook version. W: I see. 8. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. M: Lauren, what are all these flowers? W: Hi, Brian. I bought them at Central Flower Market this morning. M: Is that the wholesale flower market? W: Yes. I often buy flowers there. I have to go there very early in the morning, though. M: When does the flower market open? W: It opens as early as 4 a.m. and closes around 10 a.m. M: They start quite early. Where is the market located? W: Near Central Station on 6th Street. M: Itโ€™s not that far from here. Is it open on weekends? W: Yes, but itโ€™s closed on Mondays. M: Okay. Does it have a lot of parking spaces? W: Of course. The parking lot is large and the parking fee is only two dollars per hour. M: Sounds good. Iโ€™ll take some time to go there next week. 9. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋‹ดํ™” ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ์˜ ์ผ์น˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. M: Hello, fishermen. Iโ€™m Bruce Miller, the president of Robinson Fishing Association. Youโ€™ve been waiting for a long time, but now Iโ€™m happy to announce that weโ€™re hosting the โ€˜2021 Robinson Fishing Contest.โ€™ Itโ€™ll be held from the 22nd to the 23rd of October. The contest is taking place at Lake Silver Cloud

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โ€ข ์˜์–ด์˜์—ญ โ€ข์ • ๋‹ต

1 โ‘ข 2 โ‘ฃ 3 โ‘ค 4 โ‘ข 5 โ‘ฃ6 โ‘ข 7 โ‘  8 โ‘ค 9 โ‘ฃ 10 โ‘ก11 โ‘  12 โ‘ก 13 โ‘ก 14 โ‘ก 15 โ‘ 16 โ‘ข 17 โ‘ฃ 18 โ‘  19 โ‘ฃ 20 โ‘ 21 โ‘  22 โ‘ค 23 โ‘ค 24 โ‘ค 25 โ‘ฃ26 โ‘ฃ 27 โ‘ข 28 โ‘ข 29 โ‘ก 30 โ‘ฃ31 โ‘  32 โ‘ก 33 โ‘  34 โ‘ก 35 โ‘ข36 โ‘ข 37 โ‘ค 38 โ‘ฃ 39 โ‘ค 40 โ‘ก41 โ‘ค 42 โ‘ค 43 โ‘ก 44 โ‘ข 45 โ‘ฃ

ํ•ด ์„ค

1. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋‹ดํ™”์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.M: Hello, students of the Live Photography Club.

Iโ€™m glad to see you at East Hills Zoo today. Before we start, I want to share some tips for taking good photos of animals. First, be patient. Take your time until the animal is positioned for a good shot. Second, try to avoid using the flash on your camera. The flash impacts some of the shadows that natural light creates, making the picture look โ€œflatโ€ and less interesting. Lastly, I also recommend you try using burst mode. Burst mode allows you to rapidly take a sequence of photos and capture action shots of animals. Now, letโ€™s split up and try to get the best animal pictures.

2. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์ž์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.M: Olivia, what are you doing on your computer?W: Hi, Jason. Iโ€™m clearing out old emails from my

inbox.M: Why are you deleting them?W: Because deleting old, unnecessary emails can

be a step to saving the planet by reducing our carbon footprint.

M: What do you mean by that?W: You know emails you never deleted are stored

in data centers, right?M: Yeah, I know that. W: The data centers consume quite a lot of

electricity. A lot of electricity is still generated by burning fossil fuels.

M: You mean using less data storage helps save electricity?

W: Right. We need to delete unneeded emails to reduce carbon emissions.

M: Now I understand the environmental impact of undeleted emails. Iโ€™ll check my own inbox now.

3. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์ž์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.W: Excuse me. M: Hello. How may I help you?W: Hi. Iโ€™m here to talk about your building

construction. Who should I talk to about it?M: Iโ€™m in charge. You can talk to me. W: Okay. Your construction site is producing a lot

of dust.M: Oh, really? Weโ€™ve already set up a dust

screen. W: I know, but I live right across the street from

here, and I still canโ€™t open the windows in my house.

M: Oh, weโ€™re very sorry for your inconvenience.W: Iโ€™d like you to take additional measures to

solve this problem.M: All right. Weโ€™ll have a meeting and try to find

a better solution as soon as possible. W: Okay. Thank you.

4. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ์ผ์น˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.M: Silvia, guess what I did last weekend. W: Sounds like you did something special.M: Yes, I went on a family picnic. Look at this

picture. W: It looks great! Who is this girl in the boat?

Sheโ€™s wearing a striped hat. M: Sheโ€™s my younger sister, Jenny. She likes to

wear that hat outside.W: Oh, youโ€™re rowing the boat. Wasnโ€™t it hard

work?M: Yeah, it was a little hard, but my sister really

enjoyed the boat ride.W: Youโ€™re such a good brother. And what is this

in front of your boat? M: Itโ€™s a duck. Its head is under the surface of

the water. W: I guess itโ€™s trying to get some food in the

water. M: The man sitting under the triangular sun shade

is my father. Heโ€™s relaxing. W: I see. The two hot air balloons in the sky

look awesome.M: Yeah, it was my first time seeing real hot air

balloons.W: Cool! You must have had a really great

weekend.5. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.W: Hi, Mr. White. The school concert starts in

the afternoon. M: Yeah, I know. I think we need to check if

everything is well prepared.W: Good idea. M: Did you call Henry this morning? Heโ€™s the

student MC for the concert.W: I told him to come to the auditorium by 10

a.m. for the rehearsal.M: Good. The participants know the order of their

performances, right?W: I told them all about it. Ah, we should also

adjust the position of the piano on the stage.M: Donโ€™t worry. I already did it yesterday

afternoon.W: Thank you, Mr. White. Then now I think all

we have to do is check the stage lighting and get some wireless microphones ready.

M: The wireless microphones are in the broadcasting room. Iโ€™ll go and take them to the auditorium.

W: Okay. Then, Iโ€™ll go to the auditorium and check the lighting.

M: All right. See you there in a minute.6. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.M: Welcome to Lynnโ€™s Garden Center. How may I

help you?W: Hi, Iโ€™m looking for some gardening tools. Do

you have any shovels?M: Of course. We have two types of shovel.W: Whatโ€™s the difference between the two types?

M: One has a plastic handle, and the other has a wooden handle.

W: Well, wooden handles are stronger than plastic ones. Iโ€™ll buy a shovel with a wooden handle. How much is it?

M: Originally they cost $20 each, but all shovels are 10% off this week.

W: Great! I also need some gardening gloves. M: Okay. I recommend these rubberยญcoated gloves.

A pair of them cost $8, but two pairs cost only $12.

W: Oh, Iโ€™ll buy two pairs. M: Good. So you want one shovel with a wooden

handle and two pairs of gardening gloves, right?

W: Yes, thatโ€™s all. Hereโ€™s my credit card.7. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ • ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ

๋‹ค.M: Hi, Nicole. What are you reading?W: Hi, Danny. Iโ€™m reading the newly released

book, London Ever After.M: Oh, I want to buy that book, too.W: You can get a copy of its limited hardcover

edition at Jacksonโ€™s bookstore. M: I know, but Iโ€™m going to buy its eBook

version, instead.W: Is there any reason you prefer eBooks? Are

they cheaper?M: Well, there isnโ€™t much difference in the price.W: Is that so? Then, is it because eBooks are

more convenient to carry around?M: Well, thatโ€™s not the reason, either. Actually,

you can change the text size while reading eBooks.

W: You mean youโ€™re able to adjust the font size? M: Exactly. Thatโ€™s why I want to buy the eBook

version.W: I see.

8. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.M: Lauren, what are all these flowers?W: Hi, Brian. I bought them at Central Flower

Market this morning.M: Is that the wholesale flower market?W: Yes. I often buy flowers there. I have to go

there very early in the morning, though. M: When does the flower market open?W: It opens as early as 4 a.m. and closes around

10 a.m.M: They start quite early. Where is the market

located?W: Near Central Station on 6th Street. M: Itโ€™s not that far from here. Is it open on

weekends?W: Yes, but itโ€™s closed on Mondays. M: Okay. Does it have a lot of parking spaces?W: Of course. The parking lot is large and the

parking fee is only two dollars per hour.M: Sounds good. Iโ€™ll take some time to go there

next week.9. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋‹ดํ™” ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ์˜ ์ผ์น˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.M: Hello, fishermen. Iโ€™m Bruce Miller, the

president of Robinson Fishing Association. Youโ€™ve been waiting for a long time, but now Iโ€™m happy to announce that weโ€™re hosting the โ€˜2021 Robinson Fishing Contest.โ€™ Itโ€™ll be held from the 22nd to the 23rd of October. The contest is taking place at Lake Silver Cloud

12

this year. The first place winner will be awarded a set of premium fishing rods and the second place winner will receive a multiยญpurpose fishing chair. Judges will not count the number of fish you catch. Only the length of the fish matters! After the contest, weโ€™re also having a lake cleaning event. We strongly encourage you to join the event. You can sign up for the contest on our website. Thank you very much.

10. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋„ํ‘œ์—์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•œ๋‹ค.M: Honey, look at this website. There are five

waffle maker models on sale now.W: Oh, I was thinking of buying one.M: Should we buy the cheapest one?W: No. Iโ€™ve heard of this model, and its reviews

arenโ€™t that good.M: Then, we wonโ€™t buy it. Hmm..., some of the

waffle makers come with removable plates, but the others donโ€™t.

W: The ones with fixed plates are hard to clean. M: Then the ones with fixed plates are out. What

about the waffle shape? W: I like round waffles better than square ones.M: All right. Letโ€™s choose from the ones that

make round waffles.W: Great. Do you think we need an audible alert?

It goes off when the waffles are done.M: Well, Iโ€™m afraid the sound might wake up our

baby while heโ€™s sleeping.W: Good point. Letโ€™s order the one without it.M: Perfect!

11. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์‘๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค.[Cell phone rings.]W: Hello, Jake. Whatโ€™s up?M: Hi, Kate. I had a great time at your party last

night, but I think I left my baseball cap at your house. Have you seen it?

W: Oh, Iโ€™m afraid not. Iโ€™ll search for it while tidying up my house.

M: 12. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์‘๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค.M: Honey, the bathroom light is blinking now. I

guess itโ€™s time to change the light bulb.W: Youโ€™re right. Donโ€™t we have an extra light

bulb?M: Well, I used it when I replaced the light bulb

in the garage. We donโ€™t have any at home. W:

13. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์‘๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค.W: Hi, Minsu. Howโ€™s it going with the clothing

design assignment?M: Hey, Jessica. Iโ€™m almost done with it. How

about you?W: Iโ€™m not doing well. As you know, our

professor always emphasizes the importance of originality, but I canโ€™t come up with any ideas.

M: I know what you mean. It wasnโ€™t easy for me, either.

W: Minsu, if you donโ€™t mind, can I see what youโ€™ve designed?

M: Sure. Look at my sketch. W: Wow, itโ€™s an evening dress. Its pattern looks

very unique. M: Thanks. I got the idea from hanbok. W: You mean traditional Korean clothes, right? M: Thatโ€™s right. I designed this dress using the

traditional patterns of hanbok. W: Awesome! Iโ€™ve never thought I could create

something new from something old.M:

14. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์‘๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค.W: Excuse me, sir. M: Yes, maโ€™am. W: What are those boxes?M: These are the goods to be delivered to offices

on the 7th floor.W: Well, Iโ€™m afraid you canโ€™t stack those boxes

there.M: Iโ€™ll deliver them to each office soon.W: Iโ€™m sorry, but all the emergency doorways

must be cleared and accessible at all times. M: Oh, is this an emergency exit? W: Actually, there is a sign here saying

โ€œEmergency Exit.โ€M: I didnโ€™t notice it. Iโ€™ll move the boxes right

away.W: Thanks. Itโ€™s not surprising you didnโ€™t notice

the sign. Itโ€™s very old.M: Itโ€™d be better if the sign were bigger and

more noticeable. W:

15. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๋ง์„ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค.W: Sarah has lived by herself since last year,

when she started working at a company. This year, her sister Emily moved in because she entered a college near Sarahโ€™s house. Now they share the housework. Emily usually prepares breakfast, and Sarah cooks dinner after work. Emily does the laundry, and Sarah takes out the recycling. One day Sarah finds Emily puts plastic food containers which are still dirty into their recycling bin. Sarah knows that the local recycling center does not accept contaminated items. She wants to tell Emily to clean out the containers with water before putting them into the bin. In this situation, what would Sarah most likely say to Emily?

Sarah: Emily, [16 ~ 17]W: Okay, students. We just learned about the ten

most popular visitor destinations in the world. Did you know that many cities have an alternative way of referring to them? You may have heard of some of these famous nicknames, but you might not know how they originated. Romeโ€™s nickname, โ€œThe Eternal Cityโ€ can be traced far back to Ancient Rome! Citizens of this original settlement believed the city would never fall and would thrive forever. Paris came to be called โ€œThe City of Light.โ€ One origin of this nickname is that by the 19th century Paris used gas street lighting and Europeans who passed through Paris spread the reputation of Paris as โ€œThe City of Light.โ€ As for Singapore, itโ€™s known as โ€œThe Lion City.โ€ The city earned this name when an ancient prince spotted a lion while out hunting for deer. Lastly, Seattle is surrounded by greenery yearยญround. With all of its forestry, itโ€™s no surprise that Seattle is known as โ€œThe Emerald City.โ€ Interesting, isnโ€™t it? You can find more city nicknames and their origins in the following video clip. Now, letโ€™s watch it

together. 16. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋‹ดํ™”์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.17. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์˜ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.18. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ธ€์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Lopez ์”จ๊ป˜9์›” 29์ผ์ž ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ํŽธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์žฅ์œผ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”

Turner ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง๋ฌด์— ์ถฉ์‹คํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ์šฉ์ฃผ์—๊ฒŒ ์ถฉ์งํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋ฏผํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ง€๋Ÿฐํ•จ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ ๊ฐ๋ณ„์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ํ•ด์„œ ์ง€๋‚œ 2๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง๋ฌผ ๋ถ€์„œ์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ตฌ๋งค๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์œ ๊ฐ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ป˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Charles Moore ์˜ฌ๋ฆผ19. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋“ฑ์žฅ์ธ๋ฌผ์˜ ์‹ฌ๊ฒฝ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์–ด๋‘  ์†์—์„œ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ‚ฌ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ์ž๋กœ์˜ ์ •์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ตฌ์—ญ๋“ค์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ผ์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๋ชธ์ด ํŽธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง€๊ทธ์žฌ๊ทธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ์ˆจ์„ ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ• ์• ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชธ์ด ์ฒœ๊ทผ๋งŒ๊ทผ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์ƒ์„ ์ฝ”์•ž์— ๋‘๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒˆ์ง„ํ•œ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋Š” โ€œํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ํ•œ ๊ฑธ์Œ์”ฉ๋งŒ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ๊ฐ€๋ผ.โ€๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ž๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ‚ฌ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ์ž๋กœ์˜ ๊ทธ ์ •์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ Uhuru Peak์— ์˜ฌ๋ž๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋†€๋ž๊ณ  ์žŠ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ถœ์„ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค! ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€, ํŒ€์›Œํฌ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํฌ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์• ์“ธ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‚ฌ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ์ž๋กœ์‚ฐ์€ ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค!

20. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ํ•„์ž์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€

๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๋žต์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‚˜ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์  ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•ฉ๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์„ฑ๊ณต์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹๋งŒ์„ ๊ถŒ์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์„œ์ ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ง„๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์•„๋ฌดํŠผ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์ „์„ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๊ฒ ๋Š”๊ฐ€? ์˜ํ•™์—๋Š” โ€˜์ง„๋‹จ ์—†๋Š” ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์€ ์˜๋ฃŒ ๊ณผ์‹ค๊ณผ๋„ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.โ€™๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒฉ์–ธ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๋žต์„ โ€˜์ฒ˜๋ฐฉํ• โ€™ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋จผ์ € ์ƒํ™ฉ, ์ฆ‰ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„œ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ์ง„๋‹จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

21. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ์–ด๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•จ์ถ• ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ โ€˜๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€โ€™์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. Texas ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž Adrian Ward๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ธ์ง€์  ์ž์กด๊ฐ, ์ฆ‰ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ชฐ๋ž๋˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋ฐ›์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์ฃผ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ (๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ ์ด์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ) ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ž˜๋ชป ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์กฐ์ฐจ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋Œ€์‹  ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์„ ๋Œ๋ ธ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›๋“ค์€ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋‹ต์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋†’์—ฌ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.give ~ the credit ~์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์„ ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค

22. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ธ€์˜ ์š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.

13

์‹œ๊ฐ์  ์žฅ๋ฉด์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธด์žฅ๊ฐ์€ ์ž„๋ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ณตํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์„ ๋™๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ์ •์ ๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์กฐ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ์˜ˆ์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋ฌด์„ฑ ์˜ํ™” ์ œ์ž‘์ž์ธ Lev Kuleshov๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ‘œ์ •์„ ์ง“๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์˜ ์žฅ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด์˜ ๊ด€ ํ˜น์€ ์ˆ˜ํ”„ ํ•œ ์ ‘์‹œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์žฅ๋ฉด์„ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ โ€˜๊ฐ์ •์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”โ€™ ํ‘œ์ •์€ ๊ทธ ์•ž์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ทธ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ํ‘œ์ •์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์Šฌํ””์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ””์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. โ€˜Kuleshovโ€™ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๊ฐ์ •์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ํ™•์ฆํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ง€์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ ๋ฏธ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ‘œ์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‹ค์†Œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์–ธ์งข๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ค๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ํ™”๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ธ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ ํ‘œ์ •์ด ๊ฐ์ •์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ‘œ์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹์•„ ๋ณด์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

23. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ธ€์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ๊ตํ›ˆ์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ž์—ฐ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค, ์ฆ‰ ์ง€

๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ง€๋ฐ˜๊ณผ (์ž์—ฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋น„๋˜๋Š”) ๊ฑด์กฐ(ๅปบ้€ ) ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ง€์ง„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŒ ์‚ฌ์ด์ด๋“  ํŒ ์•ˆ์ด๋“  ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง€์ง„์—์„œ์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด ๊ด€์ธก์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•™์Šต๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง€์ง„์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ๋ช…๊ณผ ์ „์ฒด ๊ฑด์กฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋จผ ๊ฟˆ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ธ๋ช… ์†์‹ค์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ง€์ง„ ์žฌํ•ด ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„์— ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค์ด ๊ณ„์† ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์กฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ง€์ง„์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ, ์ง€์ง„์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค ํ™œ๋™์€ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•œ๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์€ ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•œ ์ง€๋ฐ˜ ์œ„์— ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•˜๋‹ค. ์—ฐ์•ฝ ์ง€๋ฐ˜์— ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ง€๋ฐ˜์ด ๋ณด๊ฐ•๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊นŠ๊ณ , ๋„“๊ณ , ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ํ›„์—, ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋‚ด์ง„ ์„ค๊ณ„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์กฐ์ •์˜ ์ ์šฉ์€ ์ธ๋ช… ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.go a long way ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋‹ค, ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋˜๋‹ค

24. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ธ€์˜ ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ํŒ€๋“ค์€ ์˜ˆ๊ธฐ์น˜ ์•Š์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์—

๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŒ€๋“ค์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ํŒ€๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฆฌ๋”๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๊ทธ ํŒ€๋“ค์€ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ๋•Œ, ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์ง‘๋‹จ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ์ฆ‰ํฅ์ ์ธ ํ˜‘์—…์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ์ง‘๋‹จ ํ˜์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พผ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์งํ•˜๋Š” (์ง‘๋‹จ์˜) ์ถœํ˜„์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋„๋ก ์—ฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ธ๋ฐ, ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ด€๋ฆฌํŒ€์˜ ์ผ์ •์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ†ต์ œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋œ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ธฐ์—… ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ํฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฆ‰ํฅ์  ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋Š” ๊ณต์‹์  ์กฐ์ง ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ํฅ์  ํ˜์‹ ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ, ํŒ€์€ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฐจ์ธฐ ํฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋” ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋œ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ํ˜์‹ ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”ํžˆ ๋งค์šฐ ๋†€๋ž๊ณ  ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ด๋‹ค.

25. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋„ํ‘œ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.26. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ธ€์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Dorothy Lavinia Brown์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚จ๋ถ€์—์„œ ์™ธ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํ‘์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ์•„์ผ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ณด์œก์›์— ๋งก๊ฒจ์กŒ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์กธ์—…ํ•œ ํ›„, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์žฅํ•™๊ธˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  Bennett College์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”๊ณ , 1941๋…„์— ๊ทธ๊ณณ์„ ์กธ์—…ํ•œ ํ›„, Tennessee์ฃผ Nashville์— ์žˆ๋Š” Meharry ์˜๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ์ž…ํ•™ํ•˜์—ฌ 1948๋…„์— ์กธ์—…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ธํ„ด ๊ณผ์ • ๋ณต๋ฌด๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์˜ Harlem ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์„ฑ๋ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์— ๋ถ€๋”ชํ˜€ ์™ธ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๋ ˆ์ง€๋˜ํŠธ ๋ณต๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ํ›„ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” Meharry๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™€ 1954๋…„์— ์™ธ๊ณผ ๋ ˆ์ง€๋˜ํŠธ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋งˆ์ณค๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ›„์— Nashville์— ์žˆ๋Š” Riverside-Meharry ๋ณ‘์›์˜ ์™ธ๊ณผ ๊ณผ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ต์œก์›์žฅ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋˜ํ•œ George W. Hubbard ๋ณ‘์›์˜ ๋ณ‘์› ์†Œ์† ์™ธ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ์™€ Meharry ์˜๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์™ธ๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1966๋…„์— ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” Tennessee ์ฃผ์˜ํšŒ ์˜์›์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ถœ๋œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํ‘์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

27. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ์‹ค์šฉ๋ฌธ์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.28. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ์‹ค์šฉ๋ฌธ์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.29. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ์–ด๋ฒ•์ƒ ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค.

์‚ฌ์ „์  ์ •์˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€(่ฎšๆญŒ)๋Š”, ํ”ํžˆ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ, ์ถฉ์„ฑ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ž˜์ด์ž ํ•œ ๊ณก์˜ โ€˜์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์Œ์•…โ€™์ธ๋ฐ, ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ •์˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„ ์ ์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด ์žฅ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋…์ ์ ์ด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„์ง€๋ผ๋„ ์ถ•๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‘๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋ฉฐ, ์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋“ค์ด ๊ตฌ๋‹จ๊ณผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ  ํŒฌ๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ์—ด๊ด‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์ง€๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํ”ํžˆ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์˜ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ฉฐ, Desmond Morris์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, โ€˜์ง€์—ญ ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹คโ€™. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋งค๋ ฅ ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด โ€˜ํŒฌ๋“ค์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์™ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ํ•ฉ์ฐฝโ€™์„ ํŠน์ง•์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŒฌ๋“ค์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŒ€์˜ (๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ) ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์— ์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋Œ€์ค‘๋ฌธํ™”๋Š” โ€˜ํ’ˆ์œ„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ†ต์ œโ€™๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€๋Š” ๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ •์  ๊ณผ์ž‰์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.โ‘ก approached๋ฅผ approaching์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

30. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์ƒ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค.์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ๋Š” ํ”ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด

ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šด์ „์ž๋‚˜ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ  ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ์˜ค์ „ 8์‹œ์— ์ถœ๊ทผํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋น„๋ก ๋‚ด ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ด๋ฅด๋”๋ผ๋„, ์˜ค์ „ 6์‹œ์— ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ท ํ˜• ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” (๊ตํ†ต์˜) ํ๋ฆ„์ด ์•ˆ์ •๋˜์–ด ๊ฐ์ž ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ •๊ณผ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ ์‹œ ๊ฒช๊ฒŒ ๋  ํ˜ผ์žก ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ์ตœ์ƒ์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์ด๋ฃฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•จ์— ์žˆ์–ด ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์œ„์ž์˜ ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ™”ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„์ž๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์ •์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‚˜์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ฃผ์ฐจ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ ๋ฒŒ๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, (์œ ๊ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„) ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์œ„๋ฐ˜์ž๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ๋ฉดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์••๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ์ฐจ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ ๋ฒŒ๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚˜์˜ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ฌ(โ†’ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ฌ) ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ท ํ˜• ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์„ ๋‘ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰๋™ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

31. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋นˆ์นธ์— ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ธฐ์•…๊ณก์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง‰

์—ฐํ•œ ์ฑ„๋กœ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. (๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ) ํ‘œํ˜„ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณก์„ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ โ€˜๊ฐ€์‚ฌโ€™๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ง์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์žฅ๋ฉด์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด๋ผ. ๊ณก์„ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐํƒ€๋กœ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…์ฐฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •๊ณผ ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณก์„ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ด ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ž˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋””๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด ์˜ค๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ๊ณง ํŠน์ •ํ™”๋จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์Šฌํ”„๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ฝ”๋“œ์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰์€ ์ด์ œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์Šฌํ””์ด๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋ณต์„ โ€˜ํŠน์ •ํ•œโ€™ ์ธ๊ฐ„์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๋Š” (๊ฐ€์‚ฌ ์—†์ด) ์ˆœ์ „ํžˆ ์Œ์•…๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •์„œ์  ์—ฐ์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์™€ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ

ํ•œ์ •๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ํ•œ ๋งค์ฒด์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งค์ฒด๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€ ํ•œ ํŽธ์˜ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๊ณผ๋„ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๋ง‰์—ฐํ•œ ์Œ์•…์  ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ, ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ, ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ๋กœ ์ดˆ์ ์ด ๋งž์ถฐ์ง„๋‹ค.

32. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋นˆ์นธ์— ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋Š”, โ€˜๊ตฌ๋งคโ€™ ํ›„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ

๋งค ์ž์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค ๋ชป์ง€์•Š๊ฒŒ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๊ฒ€์ง„ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์„œ ๊ทธ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์น˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง„๋‹จ๋ฐ›์€ ์งˆํ™˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ•™์  ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์• ์ดˆ์— ๊ฒ€์ง„ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋ชป์ง€์•Š์€ ์‹คํŒจ์ž์ด๋‹ค. ์˜ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ๋œ ๋‹ค์ด์–ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ํ›„์— ์œ ํ˜น์— ๋น ์ ธ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ฌํƒ•(์„ ๋‹ด์•„ ๋†“์€) ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ์• ํ”ŒํŒŒ์ด์— ์†๋Œ€๋Š” ๊ณผ์ฒด์ค‘์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„์˜ˆ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฒด์ค‘ ๊ฐ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์กฐ์ ˆ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ„์—†๋Š” ์‹คํŒจ์ž์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํž˜๋“ค๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ(๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ)์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋„๋ก ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.sell on ~์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‹คavail oneself of ~์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค

33. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋นˆ์นธ์— ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.ํ‘œ์ •๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, ์›€์ง์ž„์€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜น ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ

์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋„๋ก ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์†์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์‚ด์•„ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋งค๋ฃŒ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ์  ์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋˜ ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” โ€˜Slinkyโ€™๋ผ๋Š” ์ด˜์ด˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์„ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ธด ํ•œ ๋ญ‰์น˜์˜ ์ฒ ์‚ฌ์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ์ชฝ ๋์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ ๋ ์œ„๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ ค์„œ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์• ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ณก์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๋‹ค. ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ๋‚  Slinky์˜ ๋งค๋ ฅ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐŸ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์Šคํ”„๋ง์„ ๋น„ํ‹€์–ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜์›ํžˆ ๋ง๊ฐ€๋œจ๋ฆด ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ„๋‹จ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ฌ ๋•Œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ์›€์ง์ž„์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋“ฏ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์ƒ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ํ–‰๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ฑฐ์Šค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง„๊ธฐํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋งŽ์€ ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์ด ์ด ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ํฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ โ€œ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?โ€๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋‹จ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋ฉด, ์•„๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ์˜๋„์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.

34. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋นˆ์นธ์— ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ(์‚ฌ๋ฌผ)์ด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”

ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋™๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ(์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ)์ด ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ(์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ธ์œ„์ ์ธ ์˜์—ญ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—๋งŒ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์‹์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชปํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ๋‹ค ํ•ด๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์ด ๊ทธ์ € ์€์œ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ธ ๋ฐฑ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋Œ์ง„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ถ์ง€์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์›…์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์ทจํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ์ด๋ฐ”์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ„๊ณผํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š” ๋งˆ๋ถ€๋“ค, ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋ น๋“ค, ํ˜น์€ ์˜†์—์„œ ์‘์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋ชป ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์˜์›…๋“ค์˜ ํŽธ์— ์„œ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ์žฅ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๊ณตํ—ˆํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

35. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ธ€์˜ ํ๋ฆ„๊ณผ ๋ฌด๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.

14

ํ•œ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ํ•™์ž๋“ค, ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ •์น˜ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€, ์ธ๊ถŒ ์กฐ์•ฝ์ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ํ–‰๋™์— ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ โ€˜์•Š๋Š”๋‹คโ€™๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์„ โ€˜ํ˜„์‹ค์ฃผ์˜์žโ€™๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ตญ์ œ๋ฒ•์ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ํ™œ๋™ ๋ฌด๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์•ˆ๋ณด ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ, ์ฆ‰ ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ด๋“์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์†์‹ค์ธ ์ œ๋กœ์„ฌ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. (๊ตญ์ œ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ธ๊ถŒ ์˜นํ˜ธ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ธ๊ถŒ ์กฐ์•ฝ์ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ์ž๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒ˜์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค.) ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์žฅ์—๋ผ๋„ ๊ฒฐ๋ ฌ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ ๋™๋งน์ด๋‚˜ ์•ˆ๋ณด ํ˜‘์ •์—์„œ (์–ป๋Š” ์ด์ต) ์™ธ์—, ์„œ๋กœ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๋“์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ์ œ๋ฒ•์€ ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ์—ญํ• ๋งŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜น์€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ™˜์ƒ, ์–ด๋–ค ์ •๊ตํ•œ ์„ ์ „, ์ฆ‰ ํž˜์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์—†์–ด์ ธ ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ๊ทœ์น™๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

36. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ธ€์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.โ€˜์”จ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐโ€™๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋งˆ์Œ์†์—

์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ‹€์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ผ. ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ์ง์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ขŒ์ ˆ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ด ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋ผ. (B) ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋ผ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์—ด์ •๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ผ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ผ. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์—ด์ •์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ผ. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์—ด์ •์„ ์Ÿ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณผ์ˆ˜๋ก, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ๋‹ค. (C) ๊ทธ ์—ด์ •์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ผ. ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ์–ด๋ผ. (A) ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์—ด์ •์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์— ๋†€๋ž„ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ์Šต๋“ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์—ด์ • ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.on the side ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ, ๋ง๋ถ™์—ฌ

37. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ธ€์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.2000๋…„์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 3๋งŒ ๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ

์ž๋ณธ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์กฐ์‚ฌ(Social Capital Community Benchmark Survey)์˜ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ํฉ์–ด์ ธ ์ƒํ™œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต์  ์ƒํ™œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋†€๋ผ์šธ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋ฉ€์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ€์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์›์ธ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ง‘์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. (C) ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋œ ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์  ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„œ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฐจ๋‹จ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์Šคํ”„๋กค์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ์ƒ์ผ์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์›๋ž˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์ ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์˜€์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. (B) ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•ด ์ค€๋‹ค. ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ต์™ธ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌํšŒยท๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ง€์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์„œ ์‚ด๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๋†“๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด ์™”์Œ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•œ๋‹ค. (A) ํ•œํŽธ, ์Šคํ”„๋กค์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฉด ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ •์น˜ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์–ต์ œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์Šคํ”„๋กค์ด ์ •์น˜ ํ™œ๋™์„ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ชจ์ž„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์‚ฌ์œ ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ™œ๋™์„ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์Šคํ”„๋กค์€ ์ •์น˜ ๋ชจ์ž„์„ ๋œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.

38. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.์ˆ˜์€์— ์˜ค์—ผ๋œ ์ƒ์„ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์™€ ํ™•์‹คํ•œ

ํ†ต๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ผ์ƒํ™”๋˜์–ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ, ์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฐ์—…์ฒด๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์ˆ˜์€์„ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ์„  ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜

๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•ด ์™”์„๊นŒ? ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด 2009๋…„ 2์›”์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ํ•ฉ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์œ ์—” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ณ„ํš(UNEP)์— ์˜ํ•ด ์†Œ์ง‘๋œ 140๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๋งŒ์žฅ์ผ์น˜๋กœ ๊ตญ์ œ ์ˆ˜์€ ์กฐ์•ฝ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ ์กฐ์•ฝ์ด ์™„์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์— ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์ธ Global Mercury Partnership์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ด‰๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์€์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ณต์ •์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํž˜๋“  ์ผ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ์ด ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์€์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ํˆฌ์ž๋Š” ์ž˜ ์“ฐ์ธ ํˆฌ์ž์ด๋‹ค. UNEP๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์€์ด 1ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค 12,500๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ƒ์˜ ํ˜œํƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

39. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์€ ๋ฌธํ™”,

์ฆ‰ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋‡Œ์„ธํฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ๋ก ์•ˆ์— ์ €์žฅ๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์‹œํ‚จ ์ข…์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์ฒด์ค‘ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „์ฒด ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์•ฝ 0.005%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์นœ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฒ—๊ฒจ์ง„ ํŽ˜์ธํŠธ ์กฐ๊ฐ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๋‹ค ํ•ฉ์ณ๋„ ๊ฒจ์šฐ ๊ทธ ์กฐ๊ฐ ์œ„์— ๋†“์—ฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๊ตฐ์ฒด์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ƒ๋‹น ๋ถ€๋ถ„, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ค‘ 25%~40%๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด์„œ, ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌธํ™” ๋•๋ถ„์— ํŽ˜์ธํŠธ ์กฐ๊ฐ ์œ„์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๊ตฐ์ฒด๋Š” ๊ทธ ์กฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ƒ๋‹น ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ต์ œ๋ ฅ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด, ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ DNA์™€ ๋ถ„์ž ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‚ถ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์ƒ๋‹น ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์˜จ ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์ •๋ณด๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

40. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ธ€์˜ ์š”์•ฝ๋ฌธ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค.์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ, ๋งˆ์ˆ ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜

์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œ์ผœ ์™”๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด, ๋งˆ์ˆ ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์€ ์‚ด์ง ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ค€ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ˆ™๋ จ๋˜๊ณ  ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ธ ๋งˆ์ˆ ์‚ฌ ์ค‘์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ํ˜น์€ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ˆ˜ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์˜จ ๋งˆ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์˜ ์‹คํ–‰์„ ์ •๊ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ˆ ์˜ ์˜› ๊ฑฐ์žฅ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ธ Nevil Maskelyne์€ โ€˜์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋งˆ์ˆ ์  ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์›€์€ ์œ ํด๋ฆฌ๋“œ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ช…์ œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์›€๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.โ€™๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋“ , ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋“ , ๋งˆ์ˆ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฐฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋œ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ โ€˜๋ฐฐ์‹ ์žโ€™, ์ฆ‰ ๋งˆ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ๋’ค์— ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ๋Œ€์ค‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ„์„คํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์ˆ ์‚ฌ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋งˆ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ˆ„์„ค๋˜๋ฉด โ€˜๋งˆ์ˆ โ€™๋กœ์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์ง€๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ์—…๊ณ„์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ค€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋กœ, ๋งˆ์ˆ ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์€, ๋น„๋ก ๊ทธ ๋งˆ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ด ๊ทธ ๋ˆ„์„ค์ž ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„, ๋งˆ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๋Œ€์ค‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ„์„คํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์ˆ ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ดˆ์ ์ด ๋งž์ถฐ์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค.โ†’ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋งˆ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ •๊ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋“ฌ์–ด ์˜จ ๋งˆ์ˆ ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ชจ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ(๋ˆ„์„ค)์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์—…๊ณ„์— ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งˆ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ˆ„์„คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•˜๋‹ค.

[41 ~ 42]์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋‰ด์Šค ์ถœ์ฒ˜์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๋Œ€์ค‘์€ ์ด์ œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ด€์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ์€ ์„œ๋กœ ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ† ๋ก ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ •๋ณด์— ์ž…๊ฐํ•œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ผ์Šค๋ฒ ์ด๊ฑฐ์Šค

๋ท”ํŽ˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ, ์ฆ‰ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์„ ํƒ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š”, ํ‹ˆ์ƒˆ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์™€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งž์ถฐ์ง„ ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์„ ํƒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ๋ฐ˜๋œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ ์„ž์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ํƒ€์ธ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋˜๋Š” โ€˜๋ฐ˜ํ–ฅ์‹ค(ๅ้Ÿฟๅฎค)โ€™์— ๊ฐ‡ํžˆ๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šฐ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต๋ก ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทน๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •์น˜ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์•„์ฃผ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ค‘ ๋งค์ฒด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‚˜ ํ›„๋ณด์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์˜ ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ๋ณด๋„์— (์ฑ„๋„์„) ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์— ๋™๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ๋‰ด์Šค ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์™€ ํŽธํŒŒ์ ์ธ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋†’์ผ(โ†’ ์ œํ•œํ• ) ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด์ƒ์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ์—๋งŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋‘๋Š” ์˜์‹์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.echo chamber (์—์ฝ” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š”) ๋ฐ˜ํ–ฅ์‹ค(ๅ้Ÿฟๅฎค)

41. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ธ€์˜ ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.42. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์ƒ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค.[43 ~ 45]

(A) Green ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์ Š์€์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ๊นœ์ง ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์˜ ์ง™์€ ์ƒ‰ ํŠธ๋ Œ์น˜์ฝ”ํŠธ๊ฐ€ Green ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” Jacob์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” Green ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ์˜ ํ–‰๋™๊ฑฐ์ง€๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋‹ฌ๋ž์ง€๋งŒ, Green ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ•ด ์ „์— ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ ๋ฐฉํ™ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ–ˆ๋˜ 1ํ•™๋…„ ํ•™์ƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ดค๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์— ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ณด์‚ดํŽด ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ํŠน๊ถŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

(C) Jacob์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์•„์ด ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1ํ•™๋…„ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์•ˆ์‹ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ง๊ณผ ์žฌ์ง€์‹œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์ฃผ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์ฐธ์—ฌ ํ˜น์€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. Green ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ Jacob์˜ ๊ต์œก๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •์„œ์  ์š•๊ตฌ๋„ ์ฑ…์ž„์กŒ๋‹ค. Jacob์€ ์ด๋‚ด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋ฐฐ์›€์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

(B) Jacob์ด 1ํ•™๋…„์„ ๋งˆ์นœ ํ›„์—๋„, ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ด๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋Œ์•„์™€ ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‰ฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  Green ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ์™”๋‹ค. Jacob์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด์  ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์ • ํ˜•ํŽธ์œผ๋กœ Jacob์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ด์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋๊ณ , Green ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ๋งˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ถ์ด Jacob์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ• ์ง€ ๊ฑฑ์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Green ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ„์— ์„œ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ํฐ ์•ˆ๋„๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์จ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” Jacob์—๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋ผ๊ณ  ์†์ง“ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

(D) ๊ต์‹ค๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ Jacob๋„ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ป˜ ์ธ์‚ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์˜ ์‹œ์„ ์ด Green ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ๊ต์‹ค์„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ›‘์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์›ƒ์œผ๋ฉฐ, โ€œ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์•„์ง๋„ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณด๋ฌผ ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. Green ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฑ…์ƒ ๋ฐ‘์œผ๋กœ ์†์„ ๋ป—์–ด ๊ทธ ๋‚ก์€ ๋ณด๋ฌผ ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. Jacob์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํƒ•์„ ๋’ค์ ธ์„œ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌํƒ•์„ ๋จน์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•‰์•˜๋‹ค. Jacob์€ ๋๋‚ด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์—ด ๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋จน์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” Green ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ์•ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ‘œ์ •์„ ์ง€์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ •์„œ์  โ€˜์–‘๋™์ดโ€™๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฑ„์›Œ์กŒ๋‹ค.

43. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ธ€์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.44. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ์ง€์นญํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.45. [์ถœ์ œ์˜๋„] ๊ธ€์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค.