15.4 Aggressors Invade Nations

Japan, Europe, Spain

Japan

• Democratic• Strict limits on Prime Minister• Military Rule emerged• Emperor symbol of state power• Emperor Hirohito• Foreign expansion

Japan

• Manchuria: iron, coal• League protested and Japan left the League• 1937 Japan invades China • Beijing falls• Nanjing fell

Europe Aggressors

• Italy– Mussolini– Ethiopia Oct. 1935– British allowed Italians

to pass through Suez Canal

– Hoped to keep peace in Europe

Europe Aggressors

• Germany– Hitler– Re-militarized– Occupied the Rhineland

(Alsace Lorraine)– British urge

appeasement– Rome-Berlin Axis

Europe Aggressors

• Spain– Spanish Civil War– Francisco Franco– Hitler & Mussolini sent

troops– Luftwaffe tested– Blitzkrieg used– USSR sent troops to stop

Franco– No one else helped– 1939 Franco won

Guernica by: Picasso

Democratic Nations Try to Preserve Peace

• United States– Isolationism– Three Neutrality Acts

• German Reich Expands– Annexed Austria – Anschluss– Wanted Sudetenland– Czech said no

• Appeasement– Munich Conference– September 1937– Germany, France, Britain– Chamberlain (Br. P.M)– “Peace in our time”– Gave Hitler Sudetenland– Promised to leave Czech

alone– Feb. 1939 Hitler took

Czech

Nazi Soviet Non-aggression Pact

• August 23, 1939• Promised to support one another if war• Promised to split Poland if invaded• Hitler wanted to avoid a 2 front war• Stalin needed time to prepare for war