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15.4 Aggressors Invade Nations
Japan, Europe, Spain
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Japan
• Democratic• Strict limits on Prime Minister• Military Rule emerged• Emperor symbol of state power• Emperor Hirohito• Foreign expansion
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Japan
• Manchuria: iron, coal• League protested and Japan left the League• 1937 Japan invades China • Beijing falls• Nanjing fell
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Europe Aggressors
• Italy– Mussolini– Ethiopia Oct. 1935– British allowed Italians
to pass through Suez Canal
– Hoped to keep peace in Europe
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Europe Aggressors
• Germany– Hitler– Re-militarized– Occupied the Rhineland
(Alsace Lorraine)– British urge
appeasement– Rome-Berlin Axis
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Europe Aggressors
• Spain– Spanish Civil War– Francisco Franco– Hitler & Mussolini sent
troops– Luftwaffe tested– Blitzkrieg used– USSR sent troops to stop
Franco– No one else helped– 1939 Franco won
Guernica by: Picasso
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Democratic Nations Try to Preserve Peace
• United States– Isolationism– Three Neutrality Acts
• German Reich Expands– Annexed Austria – Anschluss– Wanted Sudetenland– Czech said no
• Appeasement– Munich Conference– September 1937– Germany, France, Britain– Chamberlain (Br. P.M)– “Peace in our time”– Gave Hitler Sudetenland– Promised to leave Czech
alone– Feb. 1939 Hitler took
Czech
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Nazi Soviet Non-aggression Pact
• August 23, 1939• Promised to support one another if war• Promised to split Poland if invaded• Hitler wanted to avoid a 2 front war• Stalin needed time to prepare for war