1791-1801

Washington/John Adams The election of 1800

Backcountry

• Farmers Grew Corn and Turned it into Whiskey• In 1794 Congress passed a tax on whiskey sellers• Whiskey was used like cash for many farmers

who would trade the whiskey for goods. • Summer of 1794 Farmers staged the Whiskey

Rebellion in Western PA• They attacked and burned the home of the

regional tax collector. Then, threatened an armed attack on Pittsburgh

Hamilton and General Henry Lee• 13,000 troops led into

Western PA• Rebellion dispersed• 20 accused leaders

captured• Why was this defeat of

the Whiskey Rebellion and its leaders so important?

The French Revolution

• On February 6 1778 the U.S. and France entered into a treaty.

• In 1789 The French Revolution took place.

• By 1793 Revolution had become very violent

• King Louis the 16th and his Wife were executed that same Year.

The French Revolution

• What do you suppose the other countries in Europe did in regards to the French Revolution?

• They felt it was a threat so France declared war on them. Spain, Britain, Holland

The French Revolution

• U.S. Remains Neutral• British Trade too vital• British Started Seizing our cargo ships• French were upset with us. • Why didn’t we get involved in the war?

The Wars in Europe• Jay’s Treaty: Brits would pay for damages to

seized ships, would leave the Ohio River Valley• Did not agree to leave fur trading on U.S.

Canadian Border. Did not open the Caribbean to American Trade

• People were angry with this treaty• Pickney’s Treaty: Right to travel freely on the

Mississippi. U.S. goods could be stored in New Orleans without paying a customs duty

• 31st Parallel

Washington Retires• Washington sets yet another __________ by

retiring after a two terms. • What are his reasons for doing this? • Unity behind Washington. Not Adams• Wrote his famous ________ _________ probably

written by his right hand man ______ ___________

• Steer clear of foreign entanglements. • Was criticized for Jay’s Treaty and not _________

the French Revolution.

Washington/Hamilton

Political Differences

• You don’t mess around with GW• Nobody seriously opposed him while he was

president on anything. • Federalists and Democratic-Republicans

Federalists

• Strong National Government• Loose interpretation of the Constitution. • Favored a national bank• Economy based on trade with other countries • Did not support French Revolution• Hamilton, Adams, Washington (in everything

but name)

Democratic –Republicans

• Weak National Government• Strict interpretation of the Constitution• No National Bank• Agrarian economy• Jefferson, Madison

Election of 1796

John Adams Wins!

• Problems • Under the Constitution Thomas Jefferson was

his Vice President. What are some potential problems here?

• France seized U.S. Ships. • Many Americans called for war with France. • Why was France T.O’d at us?

France

• Adams determined to maintain peace at all costs.

• Sent Charles Pinckney, Elbridge Gerry, and John Jay to France to meet with the French minister of foreign affairs.

XYZ Affair

• Three foreign aides of Prince Tallyrand Mr. X, Mr. Y, and Mr. Z

• Demanded loans to France and bribe for the French Foreign Minister Prince Tallyrand.

Adams Responds

• Starts to build up amry and the navy• “Millions for Defense, not one cent for tribute” • Money for the Armed Forces came from

Congress• All treaties with France were voided• Americans started to employ privateers again.• By 1800 we had captured 86 French ships! Yay!

Alien and Sedition Acts

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Could decide which laws were _____________ issues and which could the Federal Government impose on the _____________

Nullification.

Peace with France

• Signed the Convention of 1800 with France• Adams resumed peace talks when fellow

federalists wanted him to _______ to ______• Signed agreements with ____________ the

new __________ or France. • Even though he created peace. He lost the

election of ______ to former friend ________ _____________.

Alien and Sedition Acts

• Target Aliens or __________ or ;folks that spoke out against the United States.

• Citizenship waiting Period went from ___ to _____ years.

• Outlawed sedition __________ Democratic –Republican Newspapers were jailed.

• Federalists wanted to _____________ the opposition.