1848: Another Wave 1848: Another Wave of Rebellionof Rebellion

I.I. Sources of Sources of DiscontentDiscontent

a.a. Middle class wanted more Middle class wanted more power and protection of basic power and protection of basic rights.rights.

b.b. Nationalists wanted to throw Nationalists wanted to throw off foreign rule.off foreign rule.

II.II. Metternich FallsMetternich Fallsa.a. Revolt broke out in Vienna.Revolt broke out in Vienna.b.b. Metternich tried to silence Metternich tried to silence

people, but he was forced to people, but he was forced to resign and flee.resign and flee.

c.c. Revolution spread quickly.Revolution spread quickly.d.d. Hungarian nationalists, led Hungarian nationalists, led

by Louis Kossuth, demanded by Louis Kossuth, demanded an independent government.an independent government.

e.e. Austrian government agreed Austrian government agreed to reform.to reform.

f.f. Austrian forces imprisoned, Austrian forces imprisoned, executed, and forced the executed, and forced the rebels into exile in Budapestrebels into exile in Budapest

a.a. Uprising erupted in Italian Uprising erupted in Italian states as people states as people demanded change; they demanded change; they set up independent set up independent republics.republics.

b.b. They expelled the pope They expelled the pope from Rome, and installed a from Rome, and installed a nationalist government.nationalist government.

c.c. Austrian troops annulled Austrian troops annulled new government.new government.

d.d. French army put pope back French army put pope back in Rome.in Rome.

e.e. Local rulers in Naples Local rulers in Naples annulled reforms.annulled reforms.

a.a. German students demanded German students demanded national unity and liberal national unity and liberal reforms.reforms.

b.b. People struggled financially People struggled financially because of the potato famine.because of the potato famine.

c.c. Workers destroyed machines Workers destroyed machines that threatened their livelihood; that threatened their livelihood; peasants burned homes of peasants burned homes of wealthy landowners.wealthy landowners.

d.d. The Prussian king agreed to a The Prussian king agreed to a constitution written by an constitution written by an elected assembly.elected assembly.

e.e. A year later, he dissolved the A year later, he dissolved the assembly, and issued his own assembly, and issued his own constitution, keeping power in constitution, keeping power in the hands of the upper the hands of the upper classmen and himself.classmen and himself.

III.III. Revolutions in ItalyRevolutions in Italy IV.IV. Turmoil in German StatesTurmoil in German States

Frankfurt AssemblyFrankfurt Assemblya.a. German Delegates met throughout 1848 and German Delegates met throughout 1848 and

debated on many topics.debated on many topics.b.b. They offered Fredrick William IV of Prussia They offered Fredrick William IV of Prussia

the crown of Germany; he rejected the offer.the crown of Germany; he rejected the offer.c.c. By 1849, the assembly was dissolved By 1849, the assembly was dissolved

because of the threat of the Prussian Military.because of the threat of the Prussian Military.d.d. Reformers and workers with radical demands Reformers and workers with radical demands

clashed.clashed.e.e. Many were killed and imprisoned; others fled Many were killed and imprisoned; others fled

to the United States.to the United States.

What were the results of What were the results of the 1848 revolutions?the 1848 revolutions? Hundreds of people were killed; many Hundreds of people were killed; many

more went to prison.more went to prison. Thousands of Germans left their homes; Thousands of Germans left their homes;

most went to the United States.most went to the United States.