1st Semester Final Review180 questions

Chapters 1,2,7,8,9,10,12

List the steps of the scientific method

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Observation or Inference

1. The temperature at noon today was 78º.

2. It is very hot today.

3. The price of gasoline is rising.

4. Bill’s car is really fast.

5. The test was very easy.

List the 5 criteria for a good experiment

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Experiment One: The effect of fertilizer on plants

Description:

John’s biology class was studying various ways to recycle materials, including the use of compost as fertilizer. Members of John’s class investigated the effectiveness of various recycled materials in promoting plant growth. John and three members of his lab group decided to compare the effect of compost and commercial fertilizer on plant growth. Three flats of plants (25 plants per flat) were grown for five days. The plants were then fertilized as follows: Flat A contained bean plants which received 10g of commercial fertilizer; Flat B contained corn plants which received 10g of aged compost; and Flat C contained petunia plants which received no fertilizer. The plants received the same amount of sunlight and water each day. At the end of 20 days, the students recorded the height of the plants in centimeters.

What is wrong with this experiment?

What are the basic units of metric measurement for mass, volume, length, and temperature?

Mass –

Length –

Volume –

Temperature –

Draw the metric conversion stairway:

Convert the following

2.5ml = ________________________ dl

2693 hm = _____________________ km

.1231 kg = _____________________ g

22.9 cm = _____________________ dam

Graphing

Constructing Graphs

Data Table 1 Breathing Rate of the Freshwater SunfishTemperature

(ºC)Breathing Rate

(per minute)

10 15

15 25

18 30

20 38

23 60

25 57

27 25

Use the grid below to construct a line graph for the information shown in Data Table 1.

List the 8 characteristics of living things

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

How many of the characteristics need to be present for something to be considered living?

Chemistry

Ionic vs. Covalent bonds-

Chemical Formulas-

Acids vs. Bases-

Parts of an Atom

a. Proton -

b. Neutron -

c. Electron -

Information on 3 macromolecules.

Macromolecule Made of Function Characteristics Examples

Properties of Water

a. Cohesion

b. Adhesion

c. Capillary action

Ion –

Isotope -

Compound -

Molecule -

Bonding Rules -

CELL PARTS REVIEW

Organelle Function Animal Plant Bothcellmembrane

nucleus

nucleolus

nuclearmembrane

mitochondria

ribosome

endoplasmic reticulum

golgi bodies

vacuole

chloroplast

lysosome

centriole

cytoplasm

cell wall

Cilia

flagella

chromosomes

What are the 3 parts of the Cell Theory?

1.

2.

3.

Plant vs. Animal Venn diagram

Diffusion and Osmosis

Isotonic solution –

Hypertonic solution –

Hypotonic solution –

Active Transport –

Osmosis vs. Diffusion –

Plasmolysis -

3 things that effect the rate of Diffusion –

1. 2. 3.

Explain the structure of the cell membrane and the function of each part

Phospholipid Bilayer

Transport protein

Channel Protein

Marker protein

Receptor protein

cholesterol

Construct the Cell Cycle using the diagram:

List the phases of mitosis in order

1. 2. 3. 4.

Draw the phases of mitosis. Use 4 chromosomes and label the following parts if the exist. Centrioles, Spindle

Fibers, Nuclear Membrane, Nucleolus,

Why is mitosis important for cells?

What is chromatin?Photosynthesis vs. Respiration

What is ATP? ADP?

Where does photosynthesis occur? Respiration?

2 parts to photosynthesis are?

1.

2.

3 parts to respiration are?

1.

2.

3.

Equations for photosynthesis and respiration?

Reactants and Products of photosynthesis and respiration.

Aerobic vs Anaerobic

The Compound Microscope

Objective Eyepiece TotalScanning

Low

High

Part Function

DNA (Chapter 12)

DNA and RNAWhat is the basic building block of a DNA molecule?

What are three components of a nucleotide?

Describe the shape of a DNA molecule. What makes up the rungs and the uprights?

List the different types of nitrogen bases:

What is the general base pairing rule?

Describe the general process of DNA replication.

Why is it important that a DNA can copy itself?

Make a "T-chart" comparing a DNA and RNA molecule. Include the following information:- What is the function of each molecule?- What are the structural differences?- What are the similarities between each molecule?

Label the following diagram.

Name the bases and tell which ones match.

Describe the process by which a protein molecule is made from a mRNA strand. Include the following information:- Where does the process occur?- What is a codon?- What is the role of tRNA?

Draw a section DNA. Label: sugar, phosphate, and base.

Describe Transcription

Describe Translation

T

T

AT

AT

C

G

What are the different types of RNA molecules and their functions.

Transcribe and Translate the following DNA strand:

DNA Strand #1 TAC AGC ACC TAC TAA GGG CCC GTC CCA ACT

What are Mutations?

What causes mutations? What are they named?

What is a Point Mutation?

Examples:

What is a Frameshift Mutation?

Examples:

If a T were inserted between the 3rd and 4th Strand of the DNA Strand #1 What would the resulting mRNA and Amino Acid Chain look like? What type of mutation is this?