2 major neuro bio review students.rtf

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Major Neuro Bio review Print out this Document

Complete 1-50 over the Thanksivin Break !ue "our #rst !a" in class a$ter %reak

& '(NT "ou to research "our answers an! take notes on what "ou )#n!*

(ttach "our notes to this !ocument++

___ 1.Biological psychology is the study of the ______________ factors that influence or cause behavior and mental processes.A) physical and chemical D) cognitiveB) naturalistic E) metaphysicalC) social and physical

___ 2.What type of psychologist wouldprobably have written a paper titled Emotion and chemical change: The relationshipA) !uantitative B) Biological C) "linical D) #ersonality E) "ommunity

___ 3.$f the myelin sheathing on neurons is absent or removed in a given individual% they will e&hibit difficulties in spea'ing% vision% andbecause without myelin the

A) (uantity of neurotransmitters released into synapses will be reduced.B) (uantity of neurotransmitters released into synapses will be increased.C) speed of neural conduction along critical paths will be too fast.D) speed of neural conduction along critical paths will be too slow.E) neuron will cease to function.

___ 4.)octor *imo is building a super+genius monster. ,e wants to ma'e sure that his monster-s neurons can turn o&ygen and glucose intoenergy% so he gives the neurons plenty ofA) dendrites. B) mitochondria. C) nuclei. D) a&ons. E) vacuoles.

___ 5.Which of the following is not one of the main components of information processing that the nervous system performsA) #rocessing D) $nputB) utput E) /ll of the above are main components.C) /ssimilation

___ 6.The two ma0or types of cells in the nervous system areA) *chwann cells and glial cells. D) mitochondria and neurons.B) *chwann cells and mitochondria. E) mitochondria and glial cells.C) neurons and glial cells.

___ 7.1eurons have some similarities with other cells in the human body. Which of the following characteristics is seen in neurons% bu

most other cellsA) /n outer membrane D) 2itochondriaB) / cell body E) / nucleusC) The ability to transmit signals to other cells

___ 8.3lial cells are responsible for all of the following functions e&ceptA) directing the growth of neurons. D) cleaning up after brain damage.B) holding neurons together. E) 'eeping their chemical environment stable.C) turning o&ygen and glucose into energy.

___ 9.)r. Wo4nia' is e&amining a cell from the nervous system of an animal. ,e notices that at one end of the cell body is a long% fibrostrand of tissue. ,e immediately recogni4es this as an a&on that is responsible for

A) carrying signals away from the cell body.B) receiving signals from other cells and carrying them toward the cell body.C) determining the speed at which an action potential will travel.

D) determining whether the cell inhibits or e&cites neighboring neurons.E) directing the growth and repair of neurons.

___ 10.2imi is sitting in her biology lab% trying to figure out what 'ind of a cell she has on the slide under her microscope. /ha% she crneuron5 ne thing that might have tipped 2imi off is the fact that the cell hasA) an outer membrane. B)an a&on. C) mitochondria. D) sulci. E) a nucleus.

___ 11.Eycine operated the telephone switchboard at a large company% answering calls and directing them to the appropriate e&tension6emembering her introductory psychology class% she decided that her situation was much li'e the ______________ of neuronsbecause numerous people could call her at one time% but she could only send out one cal l at a time.

A) sodium and potassium D) synapses and neurotransmittersB) dendrites and a&ons E) action potential and refractory periodC) myelin and mitochondria

___ 12.7pper ,all *treet is a one+way street leading away from #ortland% regon. With respect to #ortland% 7pper ,all *treet is most a

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to a8n9 ______________ of a nerve cell.A) synapse B) nucleus C) dendrite D) a&on E) soma

___ 13.ou are loo'ing at a neuron under a microscope. ou find many structures coming off the cell body. *ome of these are relativelyand branch many times. ne of the structures% however% is very thin and very long. This latter structure is most likely the neuron

______________ % which carries the ______________.A) dendrite; efferent signal D) a&on; receptorsB) dendrite; afferent signal E) a&on; neurotransmittersC) a&on; action potential

___ 14.The difference between neuron /% which pic's up information about a mad dog running toward you% and neuron B% which pic's information about the smell of food coo'ing in the restaurant ne&t door% is the presence of

A) myelin around neuron / but not neuron B.B) myelin around neuron B but not neuron /.C) more sodium ions in neuron / than neuron B.D) more sodium ions in neuron B than neuron /.E) a longer refractory period for neuron / but not neuron B.

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C) corpus callosum.___ 25.1eurons communicate across the synapse by means of neurotransmitters% which bind to special proteins on the postsynaptic m

li'e a 'ey fitting into a loc'. $n this analogy% the neurotransmitter is the 'ey and the ______________ is the loc'.A) synapse B) a&on C)postsynaptic potential D) dendrite E) receptor

___ 26.nce a neurotransmitter is released into a neuronal synapse% it is most li'e a8n9A) accident waiting to happen. D) si4e ?@ foot loo'ing for a si4e ?@ shoe.B) rolling stone. E) ball of putty that can change shape.C) loc' waiting for a 'ey.

___ 27./ neuron evo'es the action potential of another neuron by releasing the ______________ into the ______________ that fit into______________ of the other neuron.

A) receptors; synapse; neurotransmitters D) a&on; dendrites; neurotransmittersB) neurotransmitters; synapse; receptors E) synapse; neurotransmitters; a&onC) dendrites; a&on; synapse

___ 28.1ina the neuron has been damaged and the vesicles in her a&on are now empty and cannot be refilled. What will 1ina no longeto do

A) 6eceive signals from other neurons D) *timulate a postsynaptic receptorB) #olari4e her membrane E) "lose her ion gatesC) )epolari4e her membrane

___ 29.,ey5 $t-s too crowded in here5 *top shoving5 Boy% $ can-t wait till $-m free5 $-m going to flow across that synapse and find the perfereceptor for me and you guys won-t fit. h yeah5 ou-d better hope you connect soon or else you-ll be suc'ed bac' into this crroom again5 This conversation is ta'ing place among

A) postsynaptic potentials. D) neurotransmitter molecules in a vesicle.B) dendrites connected to a neuron. E) mitochondria in neuron-s cell body.C) sodium ions in an a&on.

___ 30.1ora 1euron is getting mi&ed signals from her neighbors. 1ervous 1ed is sending her inhibitory signals% and so is #essimistic #7pbeat 7riah is giving her e&citatory signals. 1ora will

A) get e&cited and fire an action potential.B) be inhibited and not fire an action potential.C) get e&cited% but not fire an action potential.D) be inhibited% but still fire an action potential.E) get e&cited% but only fire an action potential at half strength.

___ 31./ neuron will have an e&citatory postsynaptic potential when ______________ ions rush into the ______________.A) negative; synapse D) positive; neuronB) positive; synapse E) negative; myelinC) negative; neuron

___ 32.When 1orton 1euron fired his a&on and released chemicals into the synapse% he noticed that the chemicals triggered action pothe neurons that received them. ,mm% 1orton thin's to himself% $ am the cause of

A) myelini4ation. D) an inhibitory postsynaptic potential.B) an e&citatory postsynaptic potential. E) the refractory period.C) mitochondria.

___ 33./s a result of the combined signals of several presynaptic nerve cel ls% potassium channels open causing potassium ions to flowparticular nerve cell. What is the most likely outcome

A) )epolari4ation leading to an action potentialB) )epolari4ation without an action potentialC) ,yperpolari4ation leading to an action potentialD) ,yperpolari4ation without an action potentialE) ,yperpolari4ation leading to a partial action potential

___ 34./ neurotransmitter is released from the end of an a&on% floats across the synapse% and binds to an appropriate receptor. The rechanges ma'e the body of the second neuron more negatively charged relative to the surrounding environment 8i.e.% hyperpola

which of the following terms describes this best

A) E&citatory postsynaptic potential D) /fferent potentialB) $nhibitory postsynaptic potential E) Efferent potentialC) #resynaptic potential

___ 35./ction potentials _____________ ; postsynaptic potentials ______________.A) occur only in a&ons; occur only in dendritesB) occur only in dendrites; occur only in a&onsC) occur only in dendrites; remain at constant strengthD) fade as they go along; remain at constant strengthE) remain at constant strength; fade as they go along

___ 36.Aor the postsynaptic cell to fire% there needs to be more ______________ than ______________.A) $#*#s; E#*#s D) E#*#s; $#*#sB) sodium ions; potassium ions E) potassium ions; E#*#s

C) potassium ions; sodium ions

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___ 37.1eurons in the brain and spinal cord are organi4ed into groups calledA) feedbac' systems. D) networ's.B) neurotransmitter systems. E) clusters.C) bundles.

___ 38./fter a bac' in0ury% 6iamsalat has no feeling below his waist% though he can still move his legs and feet. 6iamsalat has probablydamaged his ______________ system.A) motor B) output C) processing D) autonomic E) sensory

___ 39.The voluntary command =ulie uses to raise her hand in class would travel through the ______________ nervous system from the spinalcord to the muscles that control the movement.A) somatic B) autonomic C) sympathetic D) parasympathetic E) reticular

___ 40."arlos was in a car accident and received a head in0ury that resulted in a decreased ability to produce speech. "arlos has more thanli'ely damaged his ______________ nervous system.A) sympathetic B) peripheral C) central D) sensory E) autonomic

___ 41.Which nervous system is involved in allowing you to shoot a bas'etball% smell freshly ba'ed bread% and push the 'eys on a pianoA) *ympathetic branch of the automatic nervous system 8/1*9B) #arasympathetic branch of the /1*C) Both branches of the /1*D) *omatic nervous systemE) Endocrine system

___ 42.The digestion of last night-s dinner is most directly controlled by the ______________ system.A) autonomic nervous D) endocrineB) central nervous E) sensoryC) somatic nervous

___ 43.When you are running to catch a bus% the ______________ nervous system is directly responsible for ma'ing the muscles in your legsmove.A) somatic B) sympathetic C) central D) parasympathetic E) autonomic

___ 44.The two ma0or divisions of the nervous system are theA) brain and spinal cord. D) brain and peripheral nervous system.B) central and somatic nervous systems. E) peripheral and central nervous systems.C) sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.

___ 45.1ilam accidentally touches the hot burner on the stove. *ensory information about the pain and heat will be carried to her brain by the______ nervous system% her heart rate will increase as a result of activation by the ______ nervous system% and when she calms downthe ______ nervous system will slow her heart rate down.

A) peripheral; central; autonomic D) somatic; sympathetic; parasympatheticB) somatic; autonomic; central E) central; parasympathetic; autonomicC) central; sympathetic; parasympathetic

___ 46.=uan gives a sigh of pleasure as he slides into a bubbling hot tub. The neurons that signal that his s'in is warm are part of his ______

nervous system.A) somatic B) sympathetic C) parasympathetic D) autonomic E) reticular

___ 47."onnections in "hiara-s autonomic nervous system have been harmed by a mysterious infection. Arom which of the following areas is"hiara most unlikely to receive the usual communicationA) Eyes B) 2uscles C) ungs D) #ain receptors E)*pinal cord

___ 48.2i'el has to 'eep his apartment cool in the summer because he has a nervous system disorder that ma'es him unable to sweat. Theproblem is most li'ely in 2i'el-s

A) somatic nervous system. D) autonomic nervous system.B) spinal cord. E) amygdala.C) mitochondria.

___ 49.The main divisions of the peripheral nervous system are the ______________ and the ______________.A) somatic; autonomic D) reticular; limbicB) sympathetic; parasympathetic E) neurons; glial cells

C) afferent; efferent___ 50.Tisha has a disorder that affects the functioning of her somatic nervous system. f the following% Tisha probably e&periences the most

troubleA) digesting food. D) breathing.B) thin'ing. E) e&periencing emotions.C) moving her limbs.

___ 51.6ashaun saw something terrifying. ,is muscles tensed% he began breathing more rapidly% and he began to sweat. ,aving ta'enintroductory psychology% 6ashaun 'new that the ______________ division of his ______________ nervous system had been activated.

A) sympathetic; limbic D) sympathetic; autonomicB) parasympathetic; somatic E) limbic; peripheralC) peripheral; central

___ 52.Aran' has to give an oral presentation in his #sychology class. ,e is nervous about public spea'ing so he e&periences rapid heartbeat%sweaty palms% and increased respiration. This results from activity of the _______ nervous system.

A) somatic B) sympathetic C) ancillary D) parasympathetic E) limbic

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___ 53.While Bonnie is getting ready for her first date with =uan% her heart is racing and her blood pressure is high because she is e&cited andnervous. While dining% Bonnie becomes calm and rela&ed. While getting ready% Bonnie-s ______ nervous system was activated. Whiledining% Bonnie-s ______ nervous system was activated.

A) peripheral; autonomic D) sympathetic; parasympatheticB) autonomic; peripheral E) parasympathetic; autonomicC) parasympathetic; sympathetic

___ 54.6amon hides a fa'e% bloody% severed finger in 3ebrae-s lunch bo&. 3ebrae is startled when he opens his lunch bo& and sees the finger.3ebrae-s increased heart rate and respiration results from the activity of his ______ nervous system.A) parasympathetic B) sympathetic C) ocular+pulmonary D) refle&ive E) central

___ 55."laudia has 0ust come home from a long% difficult day of writing (uestions for this test. /s she sits down on the sofa% her heart rate and

breathing slow down% her muscles rela&% and her digestive system starts getting ready for food. $t appears as though "laudia-s______________ has been activated.

A) thalamusB) parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous systemC) sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous systemD) somatic nervous systemE) hypothalamus

___ 56.$f a person had a diseased autonomic nervous system% the 'inds of functions most directly affected would be things such as______________ and ______________.

A) decision ma'ing; problem solvingB) getting dressed; driving a carC) refle&ive movements; receiving sensory inputD) digestion; breathingE) e&periencing emotions; 0udging other people-s emotions

___ 57.)uring a 0ob interview% *amira reali4es that she is sweating a little bit and she feels her heart pounding against her chest. ,er stomachis also a little bit upset and she hasn-t felt li'e eating all day. Arom this information% it appears that the _____ division of *amira-s _____nervous system is very active.

A) parasympathetic; autonomic D) autonomic; sympatheticB) autonomic; parasympathetic E) sympathetic; autonomicC) parasympathetic; somatic

___ 58./fter es touches a hot iron% he pulls his hand away almost instantaneously. The command that instructed es-s muscles to pull his armaway so (uic'ly most li'ely came from his

A) brain. D) motor neurons.B) spinal cord. E) association corte&.C) sensory neurons.

___ 59.ou have been up all night studying for an important midterm e&amination and are a little tired. /s you reach for your hot chocolate% youaccidentally touch the hot burner on the stove. ou (uic'ly pull your hand away from the burner. Which of the following statements about

your action is trueA) The medulla and cerebellum played ma0or parts in your response.B) The movement of your hand did not involve the somatic nervous system.C) 3lial cells did most of the wor' necessary to move your hand.D) our brain sent instructions% via the spinal cord% to pull away from the burner.E) our refle&ive action occurred entirely within the spinal cord.

___ 60."asey got up one morning after only a few hours of sleep and plugged in the iron to press his shirt. When he heard a ringing sound hegrabbed the iron by the hot part% and before he could say hello% he dropped it with a crash. The part of "asey-s nervous system thatcaused him to drop the hot iron was his

A) substantia nigra and sensory neurons.B) spinal cord% sensory neurons% and motor neurons.C) cerebral corte& and motor neurons.D) amygdala and sensory neurons.

E) association and somatosensory cortices.___ 61.)uring your annual chec' up% the doctor conducts a test of your 'nee+0er' refle& by tapping your 'nee. This causes your leg to 'ic'

forward. What is the complete se(uence of events that occurs between the tap and the leg 0er'A) Efferent neuron ; interneuron ; afferent neuronB) /fferent neuron ; interneuron ; efferent neuron ; brainC) Efferent neuron ; interneuron ; brain ; interneuron ; afferent neuronD) /fferent neuron ; brain ; interneuron ; efferent neuronE) Efferent neuron; brain; interneuron

___ 62.All of the following statements are true about refle&es except that theyA) ta'e place in the spinal cord.B) occur without instructions from the brain.C) are not voluntary.

D) do not send signals to the brain.

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E) involve activation of both sensory and motor neurons.___ 63.Elinore leaned against a hot radiator. /lthough her sensory neurons are relaying the pain information% she is not moving away from the

heat. Which of the following neurons is most li'ely not functioningA) /fferent B) #resynaptic C) imbic D) Thalamic E) Efferent

___ 64.#han heard a 0o'e that was so funny he literally slapped his 'nee. The slap caused his leg to refle&ively 'ic' forward and 'noc' down histable. The command telling #han-s leg to 'ic' forward was carried from the ______________ to the muscles controlling leg movementthrough ______________ neurons.

A) brain; afferent D) brain; efferentB) spinal cord; afferent E) brain; spinal cordC) spinal cord; efferent

___ 65.2itch tripped and fell near the campfire. When he refle&ively drew bac' his hand% which had touched a hot coal% the signal sentthroughout his nervous system went from his hand to his

A) spinal cord% then to his brain% then bac' to his hand.B) brain% then to his spinal cord% then bac' to his hand.C) spinal cord% then bac' to his hand% then to his brain.D) brain% then simultaneously to his hand and spinal cord.E) spinal cord% then bac' to his hand% but not to his brain.

___ 66."hirag-s spinal cord was completely severed at the nec' in an auto accident. ,e would still be able toA) wiggle his toes.B) e&hibit the -'nee+0er'- refle& in response to a tap on the 'nee.C) feel the pain of a pin pric' on his foot.D) snap his fingers.E) feel the pressure of shoes against his feet and an'les.

___ 67./thea was a sub0ect in a study in which the glucose in her brain was mar'ed with a radioactive substance. Then radiation detectorsidentified especially active brain areas. /thea participated in a study that employed

A) electroencephalograms 8EE3s9. D) positron emission tomography 8#ET9.B) magnetic resonance imaging 826$9. E) rational+emotive therapy 86ET9.C) psychophysical radiograms 8##6s9.

___ 68./lfred the brain was in a car accident% and the doctor suspects that /lfred may have suffered structural damage. Which of the followingtests would be the most appropriate to find out whether there is structural damage

A) Electrical stimulation D) 2agnetic resonance imaging 826$9B) Electroencephalogram 8EE39 E) "ognitive mappingC) #ositron emission tomography 8#ET9

___ 69.atoria is horsebac' riding when she falls and hits her head. /fter the accident she has difficulty performing finely coordinatedmovements. atoria has most likely damaged herA) medulla. B) recticular formation. C) cerebellum. D) locus coeruleus. E) thalamus.

___ 70.Blesdo 'eeps falling asleep at odd times. ,e is having trouble with arousal and attention. ,is doctors have ruled out sleep disorders and

are now concentrating on certain brain structures. The one that is most likely malfunctioning is theA) thalamus. B) reticular formation. C) substantia nigra. D) hippocampus. E) amygdala.

___ 71.ou are a morning person who loves to get up early and en0oy the new day. our roommate is a night person who only begins to wa'eup in the early afternoon. The part of the brain that regulates each of your biological cloc's is the

A) thalamus. D) striatum.B) hypothalamus. E) suprachiasmatic nucleus.C) hippocampus.

___ 72./ 0eweler is repairing a gold chain with very tiny lin's. The 0eweler-s ______________ would be very important in her ability to do thisrepair.A) medulla B) hippocampus C) thalamus D) hindbrain E) cerebellum

___ 73.,erman suffers a stro'e that destroys the connections between the reticular formation and the rest of his brain. ,erman will most li'elyA) be in a permanent coma.B) have increased activity in the locus coeruleus.

C) lose automatic control of his heart rate% breathing% and blood pressure.D) lose all refle&es.E) lose his drives for thirst and hunger.

___ 74./fter consuming a few alcoholic beverages% *e0al finds it hard to tie her shoes. This is most li'ely because the alcohol has affected herA) corpus callosum. B) hypothalamus. C) cerebellum. D) hippocampus. E) amygdala.

___ 75.=erry is playing a video game. ,e sees a bad guy on the screen that he is supposed to 4ap by pushing button / and B simultaneously.=erry is able to coordinate vision with his hand movements due to his ______ corte&.A) sensory B) temporal C) motor D) association E) somatosensory

___ 76.=erod was in an automobile accident and can no longer control his own heart rate or breathing. =erod most li'ely has damage A) cerebellum. B) hippocampus. C) amygdala. D) medulla. E) hypothalamus.

___ 77./fter an accident% *tella was left with brain damage. 1ow *tella has trouble 0udging the emotions of others% even when she cafacial e&pressions. *tella has most li'ely damaged her

A) cerebellum. B) amygdala. C) hypothalamus. D) thalamus. E) medulla.

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___ 78.Trisha is gradually developing an impairment in her ability to perform finely coordinated movements% such as cutting a clove of gvery small pieces. )octors willprobably discover a problem in herA) medulla. B) hypothalamus. C) cerebellum. D) amygdala. E) locus coeruleus.

___ 79.Bert and Ernie have very different sleeping patterns. Bert always wa'es up early in the morning but he starts to get tired early ievening. Ernie% on the other hand% prefers to stay up late and then sleep until noon. Bert and Ernie-s different sleeping preferenmost li'ely due to their

A) thalamus. D) corpus callosum.B) amygdala. E) hippocampus.C) suprachiasmatic nuclei.

___ 80./fter a frea' boating accident% /rlo-s hippocampus was lost at sea. /lthough he has recovered in all other respects% /rlo will ha

A) forming new memories of events after the accident.B) spea'ing fluently in his native language.C) ma'ing controlled% purposeful movements.D) smiling.E) e&periencing emotions.

___ 81./fter an evil scientist destroys part of #atric'-s brain% #atric' finds that he is constantly hungry and he eats much more than befscientist destroyed #atric'-sA) amygdala. B) reticular formation. C) thalamus. D) hippocampus. E) hypothalamus.

___ 82.*uppose that you have 0ust been abducted by aliens from the planet Ceebo. The Ceeboians are very interested in life on Earth%them as's you how humans are different from other species. $n terms of brain anatomy% which of the following structures wouldbest differentiates humans from the so+called lower speciesA)6eticular formation B) "erebral corte& C) "erebellum D) 2edulla E) ,indbrain

___ 83.ne moment *harese is happy% the ne&t moment she is sad. Airst she is angry% and then disgusted. There isprobably somethinwith *harese-sA) immune system. B) thalamus. C) medulla. D) striatum. E) limbic system.

___ 84.6ecent animal studies have shown that removal of the hippocampus several days after a mildly painful e&perience wil l not erasmemory of the e&perience. This evidence suggests that

A) the hippocampus is necessary only for long+term memory.B) the hippocampus is 1T necessary for forming new memories.C) memories are transferred and stored somewhere other than the hippocampus.D) memories of pain are stored in different areas of the brain than other memories.E) the hippocampus does not process traumatic or painful memories.

___ 85.)amage to which part of the brain would have the E/*T effect on a person-s ability to 0uggleA) "erebellum B)*ubstantia nigra C) *triatum D) ,ippocampus E) 2idbrain

___ 86.Aor an animal model to best replicate /l4heimer-s as observed in humans% it should e&hibit all of the following exceptA) pla(ues and tangles in corte&. D) loss of cholinergic neurons.B) trouble initiating movement. E) dementia.

C) progressive mental deterioration.___ 87.Which of the following has not been implicated in /l4heimer-s disease

A)1eurotrophic factors B) Tangles C) #la(ues D) Beta+amyloid E) )ementia___ 88.The human brain appears e&tremely wrin'led when closely e&amined. These wrin'les

A) are purely cosmetic and have no actual purpose.B) are byproducts of old age; normal adults- brains are smooth.C) act as a shoc'+absorption device% preventing neural damage.D) disappear as a person progresses into late adulthood.E) allow a greater surface area of corte& to be included in the s'ull.

___ 89.When "ade was tac'led during a football game% he hit the bac' of his head on the turf% which resulted in a concussion. "ade ntrouble with his vision. "ade most li'ely in0ured his ______ lobe.A) frontal B) parietal C) temporal D) occipital E) prefrontal

___ 90./s mar lay inside an f26$ machine% he loo's at geometric shapes pro0ected onto special goggles. The f26$ will show a lot of

to his ______ lobes while he loo's at the shapes.A) parietal B) occipital C) temporal D) frontal E) association

___ 91.>eronica bent over in her garden to pic' a s(uash but bumped her head on a fence post and passed out. When she came to% slet go of the s(uash in her left hand; the hand would not open or close. *he most likely in0ured cells in her ______________ lobA) right frontal B) left frontal C) right parietal D) left parietal E) right occipital

___ 92.u'e is learning to play the guitar. 6ecent research suggests that the organi4ation of u'e-s somatosensory corte& may changemore of the neurons there to respond to touch. Which lobe of u'e-s cerebral corte& contains the somatosensory corte&A) Arontal B) #arietal C) Temporal D) ccipital E) "orpus

___ 93.$f the person sitting beside you were to tap your shoulder% neurons in ______ would become active in response to the tap.A) Wernic'e-s area D) the somatosensory corte&B) the occipital lobe E) Broca-s areaC) the motor corte&

___ 94.$n the brain-s motor corte&% the region of cells responsible for moving the inde& finger of the right hand is near the region that m

A) right ring finger. B)upper lip. C) right foot. D) left thumb. E) nose.

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___ 95.>oshon is programming a computer to thin' li'e humans. ,is big challenge is to get the computer to integrate information fromsources and relate this information 8words and images9 to abstract concepts. What area of the cerebral corte& accomplishes thehumans

A) 2otor corte& D) $ntegrative corte&B) *ensory corte& E) /ssociation corte&C) *omatosensory corte&

___ 96.$f you were to pric' yourself with a pin in the following sets of locations% which would cause neural firing closest together in yoursomatosensory corte&

A) Aoot and ear D) ,and and forearmB)


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C) converse with friends.___ 107.$dentifying certain types of brain functions 8language s'ills% for instance9 as lateralized means that

A) areas responsible for these functions are located at a uniform depth throughout the cerebral corte&.B) all human beings possess the ability to perform these functions.C) the entire cerebrum is involved in performing these functions.D) they are performed most efficiently by one or the other of the two cerebral hemispheres.E) they can bypass the thalamus for further processing.

___ 108.The right hemisphere gets information from the ______________ side of the body and has better ______________ abilities thahemisphere.A) left; logical B) right; language C) left; language D) right; artistic E) left; spatial

___ 109./s part of a new government program% 7nited *tates citi4ens can donate part of their brains to the supercomputer developmene&change for a *tatue of iberty commemorative coin set. $f you decide to donate a significant chun' of the left hemisphere of y8for the gold coin set% of course9% which of the following abilities would be least affected

A) anguageB) *peechC) 2usical abilityD) /bility to operate a video 0oystic' with your right handE) ogical reasoning

___ 110.Bob is nine months old. "arol is nine years old. Ted is twenty+nine years old. ester is fifty+three years old. /lice is ninety yearsbrain is most likely overproducing synapsesA) Bob B) "arol C) Ted D) ester E) /lice

___ 111.ne of the main reasons that a damaged arm is able to heal itself while a damaged brain usually cannot is thatA) cells in your brain have evolved a more sophisticated techni(ue of regrowth and replacement.B) normal cells have the ability to divide and neurons do not.C) glial cells found in the brain do not continue to divide.D) synaptic plasticity effects only occur during early childhood.E) undamaged neurons are unable to ta'e over for damaged ones.

___ 112.______________ play a careta'ing function% cleaning up after brain damage.A)Efferent neurons B) ,ormones C) $nterneurons D) 3lial cells E)*tem cells

___ 113.$f a scientist implanted some cells into an adult patient-s brain% and this caused stimulation and growth of a&onsreversing braiyou could assume that the implanted cells producedA) nerve growth factor. B) fetal tissue. C) +dopa. D) glial cells. E) macrophages.

___ 114.Which of the following developmental changes in the brain occurs after birthA) The number of dendrites and synapses increases until adolescence% when they are reduced.B) The number of a&ons increases and the number of dendrites decreases throughout adolescence and adulthood.C) 1o developmental changes occur after birth because all the neurons the brain will ever have are present at birth.D) 1ew neurons grow until adolescence% when they begin to die.

E) 1ew neurons continue to grow throughout the entire lifespan.___ 115.*am has schi4ophrenia. ,e started ta'ing medication to decrease his symptoms. ,owever% he now has difficulty initiating smo

movement. The drug that *am too' bloc'ed his ______ receptors.A) dopamine B) glutamate C) norepinephrine D) serotonin E) acetylcholine.

___ 116.)r. =ovial is trying to design a happy helmet that will ma'e people e&perience pleasure when they wear it. )r. =ovial should dehelmet so that it causes a release of the neurotransmitterA) 3/B/. B) acetylcholine. C) glutamate. D) dopamine. E) progestin.

___ 117.Belinda has been depressed lately and is having suicidal thoughts. We assume that her brain has low levels ofA) endorphins. B) serotonin. C) glutamate. D) adrenaline. E) nitric o&ide.

___ 118.)ennis is an anesthesiologist. Before a patient e&periences surgery% )ennis administers an opiate to numb the pain. The opiatmimic'ing the effects of the neurochemical substance calledA) norepinephrine. B) endorphin. C) acetylcholine. D) dopamine. E) glutamate.

___ 119.>era has developed #ar'inson-s disease% a movement disorder. Therefore% >era-s ______ is malfunctioning due to ______ .

A) glutamate; over+stimulation D) 3/B/; over+stimulationB) dopamine; degeneration E) acetylcholine; degenerationC) norepinephrine; degeneration

___ 120.oon always feels tired during her afternoon classes. ou tell oon that she should avoid eating high+carbohydrate lunches% beincrease the levels of _____ in her brain% and that causes her to feel sleepy.A) acetylcholine B) glutamate C) endorphins D) dopamine E) serotonin

___ 121.)onald is seventy years old. Aor the past few years% he has developed a memory loss that is getting worse% and his personality has become v,is doctors say he has /l4heimer-s disease% but you aren-t sure. What finding should most convince you that the doctors are right

A) / loss of 3/B/ neurons in )onald-s brainB) /n absence of myelin in )onald-s brainC) / loss of acetylcholine neurons in )onald-s brainD) Below normal levels of norepinephrine in )onald-s brainE) /n e&cess of dopamine in )onald-s brain

___ 122.)r. "hen-s patient describes her main symptoms: sleeplessness and mood difficulties. )r. "hen suspects that a neurotransmitter is malfunct

neurotransmitter should he loo' at

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A) 1orepinephrine B) )opamine C) /cetylcholine D) /"T, E) 3/B/___ 123.)r. Wiance' was on duty in the Emergency 6oom when a brain trauma patient arrived. To try to prevent permanent brain damage% )r. Wianc

the patient with the neurotransmitter calledA) glutamate. B) serotonin. C) 3/B/. D) norepinephrine. E) acetylcholine.

___ 124.)evin has been having trouble initiating movements lately and has also developed a tremor in his hands. ,e is diagnosed with #ar'inson-s dput on medication. To help alleviate )evin-s symptoms directly% the drugs would need to increase the effects of which of the following

A) 3/B/ B) /cetylcholine C) *erotonin D) )opamine E) 1orepinephrine___ 125.>ing was at a nightclub loo'ing for companionship when the bartender said% ou loo' li'e you could use a drin'. Try our 2ango 2emory 2ag

guaranteed to improve your memory. When >ing finished the drin' he said% Tastes great% but what did $ 0ust drin' The bartender replied% Tconsists of several ______________ drugs.A) hippocampal+stimulator B) budelitic C) neuroleptic D) cyto'inetic E) nootropic

___ 126.Broo' is worried about her upcoming #sych ?@@ midterm and decides to try ta'ing a smart drug or nootropic to enhance her performance on*he ta'es the drug% ta'es the test% and gets an /. Thin'ing critically% which of the following is the safest conclusion to draw from this anecdoteA) The smart drugs Broo' used enhanced her memory abilities and would do the same for anyone.B) The smart drugs Broo' used had nothing to do with her score% she was an&ious about the test and studied harder.C) The enhanced performance due to use of the smart drug can conclusively be attributed to a placebo effect.D) The effects of the smart drug would re(uire more rigorous study before any real conclusions could be drawn.E) The smart drugs Broo' used made her a smarter% more creative% and more organi4ed person.

___ 127.#at has two types of se& hormones: androgens and estrogens. #at isA) definitely a woman. C) either a woman or a man.B) definitely a man. D) more li'ely to be a man than a woman.

___ 128.$f you had blood phobia% you would notwant to apply for a 0ob as a8n9A) hormone. B) neurotransmitter. C) vesicle. D) a&on. E) dendrite.

___ 129.1ancy 1eurotransmitter and ,eather ,ormone were having an argument over which of them is more powerful. )efending her stance that hormore powerful% ,eather correctly states that neurotransmitters

A) can only affect cells that have special receptorshormones can affect all cells e(ually5

B) can only be found in the brainhormones are found everywhere in the body5C) carry their message across the synapsehormones are carried in the bloodstream and can affect many more cells5D) control the autonomic nervous systemhormones control the sympathetic nervous system5E) are only located in the spinal cord and brain% thus having less control in the body.

___ 130.,arry the hormone and 1adia the neurotransmitter can both e&ert physiological effects on their target organs. Which of the following is truand 1adia

A) ,arry doesn-t affect behavior while 1adia does.B) 1adia acts at a site away from where she was released% while ,arry acts locally.C) ,arry acts at a site away from where he was released% while 1adia acts locally.D) 1adia doesn-t affect behavior while ,arry does.E) 1either ,arry nor 1adia affects behavior.

___ 131.*cientists have 0ust discovered a new hormone that appears to have very specific effects. This specificity of effects is most likely due toA) a small distance between the gland and the target organs.B) uni(ue receptors on the target organ.C) the hormone being secreted by the target organs.

D) the hormone being active in the bloodstream.E) the hormone being able to bind to neurotransmitters.

___ 132.$n the nervous system% neurotransmitters are the main means of communication between neurons. The main mecommunication between organs in the endocrine system is byA) glands. B) cyto'ines. C) hormones. D) thalamus. E) B+cells.

___ 133.)onovan had a stro'e last year and doctors were unsure whether or not he would ever fully recover. )onovan dphysical e&ercise in order to speed up his recovery% but the damaged cells in his nervous system still managed toand re+establish their networ' connections. )onovan-s system has a naturally high level of

A) synaptic plasticity. D) autonomic restructuring.B) laterali4ation. E) nitric o&ide.C) autoimmune functioning.

___ 134.1eurons are to the nervous system what ______________ are to the endocrine system.A) hormones B) glial cells. C) target organs D) neurotransmitters E) glands

___ 135.6iley has a cold. ,is temperature is two degrees above normal and he feels sleepy. 6iley-s fever and sleepinesthe action of

A) androgens. B) serotonin. C) norepinephrine. D) cyto'ines. E) progestins.___ 136.While babysitting one night% you receive a phone call from someone who says% in a really weird voice% $ am comi

$ am coming to get you5 =ust then the lights in the house flic'er out5 /s you are alone% your heart starts beating fabegin to perspire% your mouth feels very dry% your body trembles% and you are covered in goose bumps. ou havee&perienced the

A) fight+or+flight syndrome. D) automatic fear response.B) general adaptation syndrome. E) transferred e&citation phenoC) startle refle&.

___ 137.ou see a vicious+loo'ing s(uirrel getting ready to attac' you. What specific part of the nervous system would be prepare you for this fight+or+flight encounterA) *omatic B) *ympathetic C) #arasympathetic D) "entral E) Endocrine

___ 138.=acelyn is wandering through a national par' when she sees a bear lumbering toward her. /s her flight+or+fight rtriggered% what hormones are being released in her body in response to the perceived threat

A) 2elatonin and progesterone D) $nsulin and corticosteroids

B) /"T, and cortisol E) /ndrogen and estrogen

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C) Estradiol and testosterone___ 139.verall regulation of the endocrine system is accomplished

A) by en4ymatic brea'down of hormones in the bloodstream.B) by the wor' of glial cells.C) under direct cortical control.D) by the innervation of the glands by the peripheral nervous system.E) through a system of feedbac' loops.

___ 140.When your body needs food% it sends messages that ma'e you hungry. When your body is full% it sends messagyou stop eating. This is an e&ample of

A) an associational relationship. D) the fight+or+flight syndrome.B) laterali4ation. E) generali4ed arousal.

C) a negative feedbac' system.___ 141.$n much the same way that a home security system monitors your house% your ______________ system monitorstate of your body and detects unwanted cells and to&ic substances that may invade your body.A) endocrine B) nervous C) limbic D) autonomic E) immune

___ 142.Troy wants to improve the efficiency of his immune system. 7nfortunately% he does such a good 0ob that normal cbody are now being attac'ed. This willprobably result in Troy-s developing a8n9

A) autoimmune disorder.B) electrochemical deficiency.C) learned suppression of immune system functioning.D) fight+or+flight response.E) generali4ed adaptation syndrome.

___ 143.2arilu has a bad cold. ,er symptoms% such as sleepiness and fever% are a result ofA) chemicals released by her immune cells.B) hormones released by her endocrine system.C) an autoimmune disorder.

D) a negative feedbac' system.E) degeneration of myelin along neural pathways.

___ 144.$mran has sustained damage to his thymus and spleen. /s a result% his ______________ system is unable to gecells.

A) somatic nervous B) limbic C) endocrine D) autonomic nervous E) immune___ 145./$)* is associated with a8n9 ______________ immune system; whereas in autoimmune disorders cells of the im

______________ cells of the body.A) underactive; are attac'ed by normal D) negative feedbac'; attac' nB) overactive; are attac'ed by normal E) overactive; attac' normalC) underactive; attac' normal

___ 146.1goc was constantly worried about the ability of his immune system to fight off invading bacteria or malignant tumwas shoc'ed when he found out that his immune system could become over4ealous and attac' normal cells of tbrain. 3reat% he mumbled. 1ow $ have to worry about ______________ too5

A) the fight+or+flight syndrome D) the endocrine systemB) a negative feedbac' system E) autoimmune disorders

C) cyto'ines___ 147.The immune system and nervous system interact in many ways. Which of the following statements is 1T true

A) Both systems produce similar substances.B) $mmune responses can alter neurotransmitters in the brain.C) Both systems depend on the thymus to function properly.D) $mmune responses can change the electrical activity of the brain.E) 3lial cells can help repair damaged neurons by releasing immune messengers.

___ 148.Which of the following best characteri4es differences between the nervous and endocrine systemsA) ,ormones and neurotransmitters are two distinct groups of chemicals that do not overlap.

B)

1eurons can stimulate cells with which they have no direct contact% while endocrine organs cannot.

C) The endocrine system transmits signals through the circulatory system% while the nervous system does not.D) 6eceptors are not necessary for cells to respond to hormones% but receptors are necessary for neurons to respo

neurotransmitters.

E) Both hormones and neurotransmitters are released into the synapses between neurons.

149.

Essays

Dr. S. White is currenty !"r#in$ !ith se%en &atients. Each &atient has a'n"r(ay hi$h &r"ucti"n "* a neur"trans(itter+ an *"r each &atientit is a i**erent neur"trans(itter that is a**ecte. Dr. White !ants t" !rite u& her research usin$ nic#na(es t" hie the true ientities "* her&atients. Ch""se an a&&r"&riate nic#na(e *"r each &atient. Be sure t" e,&ain !hy the nic#na(e is a&&r"&riate+ as !e as the sy(&t"(s "ne!"u e,&ect t" see in that &atient.

150.C"(&are an c"ntrast the *uncti"ns an characteristics "* the en"crine syste(.

2 major neuro bio review students.rtf

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