2: many peoples-oceans by jeff bennett
DESCRIPTION
What were the oceans like in ancient days? How did the glaciers comings and goings affect ocean and waterways levels? How did they affect ocean travel and those hearty ancient mariners who went anywhere there were riches to be gained? This is PART TWO of the Paradigm Project created by Myron Paine, Jeff Bennett, Ida Jane Gallagher, Karol Hoenke, Jay Wakefield, Fred Rydholm, Larry Stroud and Rick Osmon, for presentation at AAPS International Conferences, 2008-2009.TRANSCRIPT
OCEANS
CLASS ROOM PRESENTATION
AAPS
MARCH 2009
Ocean Migration
Motives and mechanisms
Jeffrey A. Bennett,Airline Captain (ret.)
Graduate Mech. Eng., Loyola UniversityExperienced in ocean travel
Skin boat (re-created) Bronze Age
Ocean migration is ancient
Horn of Africa
YEMEN
2 ½ miles
FIRST USE OF WATER CRAFT70,000 years ago
Technology was driven by necessity and inventiveness
EARLY MAN WAS INVENTIVE
A lifelike carving replaced a mummy’s missing toe.
ANOTHER INVENTION
Motives for migration that drove technology development
HungerPopulationClimateLack of food TradeWar strife
Goths escaping from Huns by raft
Migration: The answer to survival
Tracking chormozones through time60,00050,00045,00040,00035,000
30,00025,00020,00010,000
MOVEMENTS OF MAN
Sea battle between Egyptians and the Sea People, c 3200 ya
History begins withadvanced boats in use.
Technology, 10,000 ya
Man has used boats fora hundred centuries.
Technology 300 years ago
10,000 years of Innovation,Same goal: Move things on water.
Technology Now
300 more years of Innovation,Same goal: Move things on water.
A PERUVIAN BALSA
THEIR “BOATS” ARE REALLYRAFTS MADE OF REEDS
Ancient designs were efficient,
AN ESKIMO UMIAK
This boat is structurally similar to the bayak but it has no deck.
Ancient designs usedavailable resources well.
A PHOENICIAN BIREME
An oar and sail driven shipthat sailed around Africa
2600 years ago
Ancient ships could travela long way on the ocean.
These drawings
made 4,000 years ago
have been used
to make a boat
that looks like … ?
The ABORA III
A ship that has
sailed against
wind and ocean currents
in theMediterranean
and the onAtlantic!!!
Phoenician merchant trading ship- re-creation
Ancient man could putbontiful resources to good use.
Figian sailing canoe
Asian cultures were very early users of watercraft.
TANIT SHIPWRECK c 2750 ya
Sailors expectations.Keep us fed, keep us well.
Amphora (clay jars) have long been used to transport and store liquid or flowing materials.
The TOMOL
Conclusions` Man has traveled on waterMan has traveled on water for 70,000 years.for 70,000 years.
Evidence: Genetics, artifacts.Evidence: Genetics, artifacts.
Record from before ice age.Record from before ice age.
Many antique ships found recently.Many antique ships found recently.Past developments ‘rediscovered’. Past developments ‘rediscovered’. Good planning = good sea eatingGood planning = good sea eatingFloating uses less energyFloating uses less energy than walking. than walking.Early ocean migration was Early ocean migration was eminently doable.eminently doable.
BIBLIOGRAPHYfor the
OCEANS
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