2009 face conference orosha cranes wooley
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Cranes
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Arriving on Site
Identify ProcessDanger AreasStarting PointPPE
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Mobile Crane
Inspection Process
Do Inspection
Visual evaluationof crane operationwalking up to site
Problems or Imminent Danger? YesNoEvaluate
Ownership
GeneralContractor
Sub-Contractor
Do Inspection
Do Inspection
Specializingin crane work?
YesNo
No Inspection
Inspection
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Crane Inspection OutlineVisual Evaluation of the WorkIs the crane operating smoothly?Is there an oiler?Is the set up level?Are the outriggers fully extended?Are all outriggers on the ground?
General Contractor QuestionsDo you own the crane? Who owns the crane?
If general contractor owns crane, inspect and continue with questions belowIf Subcontractor owns crane, open with them and determine whether an inspection
of the crane is necessaryHow long has the crane been onsite?How long is it going to be here?Is the operator doing the calculations?Is the operator responding to signals?Is the operator operating the crane safely?When does the operator have a break or lunch? Is it scheduled?
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Inspect the crane when the operator has a break, at the slowest part of the day, or when the process is complete.
Inspection on ConvenienceWalk around craneAre signs posted? Is the boom marked? Evaluate the rigging
Evaluate driver’s cabIs the operator’s manual in the cabReview manual to find out about crane operation
Do tires need to be in the air?What is the weight the crane is lifting?
Short outriggers?Does the front foot need to be down?
Is there a fire extinguisher?What is the condition of the glass?
Crane Inspection Outline
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Evaluate operator’s cabCheck to see the boom angle indicator is working (either on boom or in operator’s cab)Are outriggers locked?Are there load charts?Is there a fire extinguisher?Are the controls marked?Check for anti-two block/warning deviceCheck housekeepingIs there agreement on hand signals and are they posted?What is the condition of the windshield and wipers?Check to see there are inspection records - daily, weekly, monthlyAre there maintenance records?Does the operator have a license to operate the crane? 5 ton or greater?No deficiencies, don’t go into sheaves
Crane Inspection Outline
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If deficiencies:Check sheavesCheck lines Is anti-two block operable?Is the deck free from grease and oil?Are there counterweights? Do they have stickers?How is the equipment rigged?
Spliced together through shackles? Is nylon used on sharp edges?Are spreader bars/cables all stamped?
Check outrigger pads Check cribbing Is the ball secured when traveling? Headache ball and main block?Is swing break and house lock locked?
Crane Inspection Outline
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Crane Inspection OutlineTalk to Oiler
Have signals been worked out with operator?What are they?
Certification/TrainingDoes the operator have a card?Have they had hands on training?Have they had ongoing training?What are the hours?
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Cranes
• Types– rubber-mounted– track– rough-terrain– tower
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Crane
Components
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steel erectionsetting walls & trussesbridgesequipment installation
Process
Cranes
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floor systempouring concrete
Process
Cranes
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What does the site look like?What is being lifted?
Pre-planning
Cranes
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What kind of crane is available?
Pre-planning
Cranes
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How close can the operator get to what is being lifted?
Pre-planning
Cranes
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What is the line of travel?
Pre-planning
Cranes
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Shakeout area
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Shakeout area
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site preparationpositioning of cranemaintaining clearances
Set-up
Cranes
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assembling & disassembling crane
stabilityuse of outriggers
Set-up
Cranes
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dunnage/cribbinglifting on rubber leveling the crane
Set-up
Cranes
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overloading the crane will cause the crane to tip or fall
Load chart
Cranes
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safe lifting capacity of the crane is determined by applying and interpreting load charts
Load chart
Cranes
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parts of line
configuration
areas of operation
boom length
load radius
boomangle
capacity deduction
ratedcapacity
net capacity
Lifting Capacity
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The crane should be assembled according to the
manufacturer’s requirements for the load chart used
1. Configuration
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over the side
over the front
over the back
2. Areas of operation
over the side
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3. Boom length
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The horizontal distance from the center of the crane to the center of gravity of the load with the load suspended.
4. Load radius
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5. Boom angle
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Rated capacitySum of the weight of the lift, attachments, rigging, hooks etc.
Net capacityLift that can be made
6. Capacities
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7. Capacity deduction
• crane not set up properly/level• crane not in good condition • high winds• side loading
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7. Capacity deduction
• increase in load radius• dynamic loading• shock loading• high speed production
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8. Parts of the line
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Dynamic Load
Static Load
stationary
Lift stopped
Lift
low
ered
caused by the sudden movement in the load
Dynamic load
Cranes
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weight of the gross load when the load is stationary
Static load
Cranes
Dynamic Load
Static Load
stationary
Lift stopped
Lift
low
ered
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qualified person to direct operator
Signals
Cranes
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signals need to be uniform throughout company and clearly understood
Signals
Cranes
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special signals can be used when conditions exist that are not covered
Signals
Cranes
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Cranes
• Rigging types– slings– block– hook– spreader bar
– shackles– softeners– tag lines
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Rigging inspection
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Rigging inspection
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Personnel platforms
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Safety Hazards
falling objectsfall protectioncaught-between
Cranes
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Safety Hazards
struck-bytipped craneelectrical
Cranes
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Health Hazards
noisedustvehicle exhaust
Cranes
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Ergonomics
forceful exertionsawkward posturesvibration
Cranes
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Cranes
• Worker PPE– hard hats– fall protection– eye & hearing
protection