23206543 jenis jenis kabel
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BAB A PENGENALAN PERALATAN RANGKAIAN
BAB A 1 Pengenalan kepada pemasangan rangkaian
1.1 Senarai dan kenalpasti jenis-jenis kabel rangkaian
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Types of Copper Network CablesTypes of Copper Network Cables
Coaxial CablesCoaxial Cables
Unshielded Twisted Pair UTP!Unshielded Twisted Pair UTP!
Shielded Twisted Pair STP !Shielded Twisted Pair STP !
1"
Coaxial CableCoaxial Cable
Coaxial #able is #o$prised of %Coaxial #able is #o$prised of %
Central #ondtorCentral #ondtor
'iele#tri# $aterial'iele#tri# $aterial
Copper braidCopper braid
P(C ja#ket.P(C ja#ket.
P(C )a#ket
*raided Shield
'iele#tri#
Condtor
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Coaxial Cable Chara#teristi#sCoaxial Cable Chara#teristi#s
The #enter #ondtor and the braided shieldThe #enter #ondtor and the braided shield$ake &p the two paths of a signal #ir#&it.$ake &p the two paths of a signal #ir#&it.
Two types of #oaxial #able &sed in networksTwo types of #oaxial #able &sed in networksare%are%
, , --+ 1/*ase"! Thi#knet #able.+ 1/*ase"! Thi#knet #able. , , --"0 1/*ase ! Thinnet #able."0 1/*ase ! Thinnet #able.
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Unshielded Twisted Pair Unshielded Twisted Pair
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10
Unshielded Twisted PairUnshielded Twisted PairChara#teristi#sChara#teristi#s
Typi#al i$pedan#e is 1// oh$s.Typi#al i$pedan#e is 1// oh$s.
Contains fo&r pairs of or 4 ga&ge solidContains fo&r pairs of or 4 ga&ge solid#opper wire.#opper wire.
elati3ely s$all dia$eter of /.12 $akes itelati3ely s$all dia$eter of /.12 $akes iteasy to install.easy to install.
5as no physi#al shielding.5as no physi#al shielding.
Uses #an#ellation effe#t to rede #rosstalkUses #an#ellation effe#t to rede #rosstalkand 6789 :8 noise.and 6789 :8 noise.
1;
Categories of UTP CablesCategories of UTP Cables
Category 1Category 1 -- Not ated Not ated
Category Category -- Telephone
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Shielded Twisted Pair STP!Shielded Twisted Pair STP!
Shield 'rain
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Typi#al :iber Apti# CableTypi#al :iber Apti# Cable
J acket Jacket BufferBuffer CladdingCladding CoreCore
=
:iber Apti# Cable Chara#teristi#s:iber Apti# Cable Chara#teristi#s
8$$&ne to ele#tri#al interferen#e8$$&ne to ele#tri#al interferen#e
6xtre$ely se#&re6xtre$ely se#&re
(ery low loss(ery low loss
(ery expensi3e to install and $aintain(ery expensi3e to install and $aintain
e@&ires ele#tri#ale@&ires ele#tri#al --opti#alopti#al --ele#tri#al signalele#tri#al signal#on3ersion#on3ersion
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BAB A : 2 PENGENALAN KABELRANGKAIAN
1
Types of Cables Used 8n NetworksTypes of Cables Used 8n Networks
Copper CablesCopper Cables
:iber Apti# Cable:iber Apti# Cable
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:a#tors >ffe#ting Copper Cable:a#tors >ffe#ting Copper CablePerfor$an#ePerfor$an#e
8$pedan#e8$pedan#e
6le#tri#al 8nterferen#e6le#tri#al 8nterferen#e
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Cable 8$pedan#eCable 8$pedan#e
esistan#eesistan#e
ea#tan#eea#tan#e
2
Cable esistan#eCable esistan#e
Apposes #&rrent flow.Apposes #&rrent flow.
8s $eas&red in oh$s.8s $eas&red in oh$s.
Can be $eas&red with an oh$$eter.Can be $eas&red with an oh$$eter.
8s dire#tly proportional to #able length.8s dire#tly proportional to #able length.
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0
Cable ea#tan#eCable ea#tan#e
ApposesApposes #hanges#hanges in 3oltage or #&rrent.in 3oltage or #&rrent.
8s rated in oh$s b&t #annot be $eas&red8s rated in oh$s b&t #annot be $eas&redwith an oh$$eter.with an oh$$eter.
8s the res< of #apa#itan#e and indtan#e8s the res< of #apa#itan#e and indtan#e between #ondtors. between #ondtors.
'eter$ined by their dia$eter and spa#ing.'eter$ined by their dia$eter and spa#ing.
;
8$pedan#e8$pedan#e
8$pedan#e is the 3e#tor s&$ of8$pedan#e is the 3e#tor s&$ ofresistan#e and rea#tan#e.resistan#e and rea#tan#e.
ea#tan#eea#tan#e
esistan#eesistan#e8 $ p e d a n # e
8 $ p e d a n # e
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6le#tri#al 8nterferen#e6le#tri#al 8nterferen#e
'egrades data signals.'egrades data signals.
Can res< in data errors.Can res< in data errors.
Types of ele#tri#al interferen#e%Types of ele#tri#al interferen#e% , , Crosstalk Crosstalk
, , 6789 :86789 :8
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8nterferen#e Prote#tion8nterferen#e Prote#tionTe#hni@&esTe#hni@&es
Can#ellationCan#ellation , , Twisted wire pairs #reate o&t of phase $agneti#Twisted wire pairs #reate o&t of phase $agneti#
fields whi#h tend to #an#el ea#h other.fields whi#h tend to #an#el ea#h other.
ShieldingShielding , , ro&nded $etal braid or foil s&rro&nding aro&nded $etal braid or foil s&rro&nding a
#ondtor prote#ts it fro$ external radiation.#ondtor prote#ts it fro$ external radiation.
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1
Crosstalk *etween CondtorsCrosstalk *etween CondtorsThe interferen#e generated when a $agneti#The interferen#e generated when a $agneti#field fro$ one wire indes #&rrent intofield fro$ one wire indes #&rrent intoanother wire.another wire.
:ields of opposite phase tend to #an#el ea#h:ields of opposite phase tend to #an#el ea#hother.other.
B
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Copper Condtor
8ns&lation
6le#tro$agneti#:ields
1=
6789 :86789 :8
es<s fro$ the #able being pla#ed in anes<s fro$ the #able being pla#ed in anexternal $agneti# field.external $agneti# field.
Shielding blo#ks external $agnetShielding blo#ks external $agnetinterferen#e.interferen#e.
ro&ndedro&ndedShieldShield
7agneti# :ield7agneti# :ieldCondtor Condtor
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PERBEZAAN KABELUNSHIELDED DANKABEL SHIELDED
Lambat rosakCepat rosakSelamatKurang keselamatan
KURANG Sensetifterhadap gangguanelektrikal
sensetif terhadapgangguan elektrikal
Lambat untukdipasang
cepat untuk dipasang
Penghantaraan yangla u
Penghantaraan sehingga!""#bps
Kos lebih tinggi danmahal
Kos lebih rendah danmurah
KA$%LS&'%L(%(
KA$%LUNS&'%L(%(
!)Apakah fungsi pin crimping tool*
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CONTOH CONTOHKABEL UNSHIELDED
DAN KABEL SHIELDED
KABEL UNSHIELDED
KABEL SHIELDED
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4
5istory Af Coaxial Cables5istory Af Coaxial Cables
8n3ented in 1; ;8n3ented in 1; ; , , Ariginal #on#ept #onsisted of a hollow pen#ilAriginal #on#ept #onsisted of a hollow pen#il --
si?ed #opper t&be with a #entral wire #ondtorsi?ed #opper t&be with a #entral wire #ondtors&spended in its #enter.s&spended in its #enter.
>T T established its first #ross>T T established its first #ross --#ontinental#ontinental#oaxial trans$ission syste$ in 1;41.#oaxial trans$ission syste$ in 1;41.
Used extensi3ely in $ilitary radar andUsed extensi3ely in $ilitary radar and#o$$&ni#ations syste$s by the $id#o$$&ni#ations syste$s by the $id --1;4/s.1;4/s.
KA$%L C+A,'ALKA$%L C+A,'AL
-Namakan peralatan di ba.ah/
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Coax Cable ConstrtionCoax Cable Constrtion
Consists of two #ondtors that share aConsists of two #ondtors that share a#o$$on axis. 5en#e the na$e D#oaxial.#o$$on axis. 5en#e the na$e D#oaxial.
These two #ondtors are separated by aThese two #ondtors are separated by asheath of ins&lating diele#tri# $aterial.sheath of ins&lating diele#tri# $aterial.
The o&ter #ondtorE $ade of #opper braidThe o&ter #ondtorE $ade of #opper braidor $eshE is in t&rn #o3ered by a to&ghor $eshE is in t&rn #o3ered by a to&gh
plasti# ja#ket whi#h for$s the o&ter #o3er. plasti# ja#ket whi#h for$s the o&ter #o3er.
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Constrtion 'etailsConstrtion 'etails
6nd (iew6nd (iew
A&ter Condtor )a#ket
'iele#tri#
Center Condtor
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8$portant Cable Chara#teristi#s8$portant Cable Chara#teristi#s
No$inal 8$pedan#e No$inal 8$pedan#e , , Total opposition to #&rrent flowTotal opposition to #&rrent flow
(elo#ity of Propagation(elo#ity of Propagation , , Signal speed in #able #o$pared to free spa#eSignal speed in #able #o$pared to free spa#e
No$inal Capa#itan#e No$inal Capa#itan#e , , Cable #apa#itan#eE in p:9ftCable #apa#itan#eE in p:9ft
No$inal >tten&ation No$inal >tten&ation
, , 'e#rease in #able signal powerE in db9ft'e#rease in #able signal powerE in db9ft
1
5ow 'iele#tri# 7aterial and5ow 'iele#tri# 7aterial andThi#kness >ffe#t Capa#itan#eThi#kness >ffe#t Capa#itan#e
>ir or a 3a#&&$ is #onsidered to ha3e a>ir or a 3a#&&$ is #onsidered to ha3e adiele#tri# #onstant of 1 while #o$$on #oaxdiele#tri# #onstant of 1 while #o$$on #oaxdiele#tri#s range fro$ to .4. The lowerdiele#tri#s range fro$ to .4. The lowerthis n&$berE the lower the #apa#itan#e.this n&$berE the lower the #apa#itan#e.
The greater the thi#kness of the diele#tri#EThe greater the thi#kness of the diele#tri#Ethe greater the spa#ing between thethe greater the spa#ing between the#ondtors and the lower the #apa#itan#e.#ondtors and the lower the #apa#itan#e.
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BAB A : &PENGENALAN PERALATAN DAN PIA'AIAN
&(1 PERALATAN)PERALATAN DALA$PENDA'AIAN KABEL K#PR#$
1( P*nc+d,-n t,,l2( R./0 crimping t,,l
&( ,a ial crimping t,,l/( Pin crimping t,,l0( ,a ial ca le 3 #TP ca le stripper
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&(2 KEPERL#AN PIA'AIAN DALA$PENDA'AIAN RANGKAIAN
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StSt
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SSt
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