239403521 referat sudden death forensik

7/18/2019 239403521 Referat Sudden Death Forensik

1/16

DAFTAR ISI

Daftar Isi...................................................................................................................................................1

Kata Pengantar. ..................................................................................................................................... 2

BAB I: PENDAHULUAN................................................................................................................ 3

BAB II: TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

2.1 Definisi ati en!a!a" ........................................................................................ #

2.2 E$i!e%i&'&gi ............................................................................................................... #

2.3 Pen(e)a) ....................................................................................................................... *

2.+ Pe%eri"saan $en,n-ang..........................................................................................1+

2.# Ke$entingan A,t&$si F&rensi" ..........................................................................1#

2.* As$e" %e!i"&'ega' ...................................................................................................1*

2. A,t&$si ..............................................................................................................................1

BAB III: KESIPULAN............................................................................................................ 1

DAFTAR PUSTAKA.....................................................................................................................1/

1


2/16

Kata Pengantar

P,-i S(,",r atas ra0%at T,0an ang a0a K,asa "arena atas Ke0en!a"N(a $en,'is

!a$at %en(e'esai"an referat !engan -,!,' Ke%atian en!a!a". Referat ini !i),at se)agai

sa'a0 sat, t,gas !a'a% Ke$aniteraan I'%, F&rensi" !an e!i"&'ega'.

engingat $engeta0,an !an $enga'a%an $en,'is serta a"t, (ang terse!ia ,nt,"

%en(,s,n referat ini sangat ter)atas $en,'is sa!ar %asi0 )an(a" "e",rangan )ai" !ari segi

isi s,s,nan )a0asa %a,$,n siste%ati"a $en,'isann(a. Unt," it, "riti" !an saran $e%)a4a

(ang )ersifat %e%)ang,n sangat !i0ara$"an.

Pa!a "ese%$atan (ang )ai" ini $en,'is %eng,4a$"an )an(a" teri%a "asi0 "e$a!a

!r. H. N&&r%an Herr(a!i S$.F.SH (ang te'a0 %e%)eri"an )i%)ingan se'a%a $eri&!e

"e$aniteraan i'%, f&rensi" !an %e!i"&'ega' serta %as,"an (ang )erg,na !a'a% $r&ses

$en(,s,nan %a"a'a0 ini. Ti!a" ',$a $en,'is %eng,4a$"an teri%a "asi0 "e$a!a re"an5re"an

(ang -,ga t,r,t %e%)ant, !a'a% ,$a(a $en(e'esaian referat ini.

A"0ir "ata $en,'is )er0ara$ "iran(a %a"a'a0 ini !a$at %en-a!i %as,"an (ang

)erg,na !an !a$at %en-a!i inf&r%asi )agi tenaga %e!is !an $r&fesi 'ain (ang ter"ait !engan

%asa'a0 "ese0atan $a!a ,%,%n(a !an "0,s,sn(a tentang $eri0a' )er"aitan "e%atian

%en!a!a".

Para Pen(,s,n

6666666666666

2


3/16

BAB I: PENDAHULUAN

1.1;Latar Belakang

Kematian mendadak yang tidak diharapkan dan tidak dapat dijelaskan ditemukan

pada sebagian besar kasus pada praktek kedokteran forensik. Kematian mendadak yang

tidak dijelaskan sering tercatat sebagai kematian karena sebab yang alami. Para ahli

percaya bahwa kebanyakan dari kematian ini dikarenakan Sudden Death Syndrome

(sindroma kematian mendadak) atau Sudden Cardiac Death (kematian jantung mendadak).

Penyebab kematian mendadak akibat penyakit dapat diklasifikasikan menurut sistem

tubuh! diantaranya sistem Susunan Saraf Pusat! sistem kardio"askuler! dan sistem

pernafasan. Pada tahun#tahun terakhir ini! penyebab kematian tersering pada kasuskematian mendadak adalah penyakit kardio"askular. Penyebab penyakit jantung itu sendiri

bermacam#macam! mulai dari penyakit jantung koroner! kardiomiopati! penyakit katup

jantung hingga akibat kelainan genetik seperti pada sindrom marfan.$

Sebuah studi post mortem pada salah satu %umah Sakit di Dublin!

Connoly &ospital antara 'anuari * hingga Desember $++! menyebutkan bahwa

penyebab terbanyak kematian mendadak adalah penyakit 'antung (*,). Di -ndonesia

sendiri sulit didapatkan insiden kematian mendadak yang sebenarnya. ngka yang ada

hanyalah jumlah kematian mendadak yang diperiksa di bagian kedokteran forensik /K0-.

Dalam tahun +!

dari seluruh $12 kasus! ditemukan $$* kasus adalah terdiri dari laki#laki (!$,) dan 3+

adalah perempuan ($,) pada kasus kematian mendadak! sedangkan pada tahun dari

$33* kasus diperiksa $$ laki#laki (!,) dan 31 perempuan ($!,).

4leh karena penyebabnya yang wajar! maka apabila kematian tersebut didahului

oleh keluahn! gejala serta terdapat sakdi (apalagi jika saksinya adalah dokter) biasanya

tidak akan menjadi masalah kedokteran forensik. 5amun apabila kematian tersebut terjadi

tanpa riwayat penyakit dan tanpa saksi! maka dapat menimbulkan kecurigaan bagi penyidik!

apakah terkait unsur pidana di dalamnya. Disinilah peran pemeriksaan forensik berupa

autopsi dan pemeriksaan histologi akan sangat penting guna menjawab permasalahan di

atas.

3


4/16

1.2; Tujuan

a"a'a0 ini )ert,-,an ,nt," %engeta0,i 4ara "e%atian "&r)an (ang !i!,ga %ati

%en!a!a" 7s,!!en !eat08.

1.3;Manfaat

1; e%)ant, %engeta0,i 4ara "e%atian "&r)an (ait, a$a"a0 $e%),n,0an ),n,0

!iri ata, "e4e'a"aan

2; engeta0,i a$a"a0 "e%atian a-ar %en!a!a" 7s,!!en nat,ra' !eat08 ata,

"e%atian ta" a-ar %en!a!a" 7s,!!en ,nnat,ra' !eat08

3; e%)ant, %eng,ng"a$"an $r&ses ter-a!in(a tin!a" $i!ana (ang %en(e)a)"an

"e%atian.

4; e%)ant, %eng,ng"a$"an i!entitas -ena9a0.

BAB II: TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

2.1 Definisi Mati Menaa!

4


5/16

Ber!asar"an Si%$s&n 71/#8 !a'a% ),",n(a 6/orensic 7edicine; %en,'is !,a a'ternatif

!efinisi (ait, a8sudden deatha!a'a0 "e%atian (ang ti!a" ter!,ga non#traumatis! non#self

inflicted fatality (ang ter-a!i !a'a% 2+ -a% se-a" &nset ge-a'a< )8 "e%atian (ang ter-a!i !a'a%

sat, -a% se-a" ti%),'n(a ge-a'a.3

Ber!asar"an

=H> "e%atian %en!a!a" a!a'a0 "e%atian (ang ter-a!i $a!a 2+ -a% se-a" ge-a'a ti%),'

na%,n $a!a "as,s5"as,s f&rensi" se)agian )esar "e%atian ter-a!i !a'a% 0it,ngan %enit ata,

)a0"an !eti" se-a" ge-a'a $erta%a ti%),'. Ke%atian %en!a!a" ti!a" se'a', ti!a" ter!,ga !an

"e%atian (ang ta" !i!,ga ti!a" se'a', ter-a!i %en!a!a" na%,n a%at sering "e!,an(a a!a

)ersa%aan $a!a s,at, "as,s.

Pengertian %ati %en!a!a" se)enarn(a )erasa' !ari sudden une8pected natural death

(ang !i!a'a%n(a ter"an!,ng "riteria $en(e)a) (ait, natural 7a'a%ia0 a-ar8. Ter%in&'&gi

"e%atian %en!a!a" !i)atasi $a!a s,at, "e%atian a'a%ia0 (ang ter-a!i tan$a !i!,ga !an

ter-a!i se4ara %en!a!a" %ensin&ni%"an "e%atian %en!a!a" !engan ter%in&'&gi ?sudden

natural une8pected death;7Ha"i% 2@1@8. Se!ang"an %en,r,t Bara!er& 72@@/8 %ati

%en!a!a" %engan!,ng $engertian "e%atian (ang ti!a" ter!,ga !a'a% ",r,n a"t, ",rang

!ari 1 -a% ata, !a'a% a"t, 2+ -a%. Sering %ati %en!a!a" ter-a!i !a'a% )e)era$a %enit

se0ingga ti!a" a!a (ang %en(a"si"an ata, ti!a" se%$at %en!a$at $ert&'&ngan sa%a se"a'i.

2.2 E"ie#i$%$gi

Ke%atian %en!a!a" ter-a!i e%$at "a'i 'e)i0 sering $a!a 'a"i5'a"i !i)an!ing"an $a!a

$ere%$,an. Pen(a"it $a!a -ant,ng !an $e%),',0 !ara0 %en!,!,"i ,r,tan $erta%a !a'a%

$en(e)a) "e%atian %en!a!a" !engan "e4en!er,ngan "e%atian %en!a!a" 'e)i0 )esar $a!a

'a"i5'a"i. Pen(a"it -ant,ng !an $e%),',0 !ara0 se4ara ,%,% %en(erang 'a"i5'a"i 'e)i0

sering !i)an!ing $ere%$,an !engan $er)an!ingan :1 se)e',% %en&$a,se !an %en-a!i 1:1

sete'a0 $ere%$,an %en&$a,se. Di In!&nesia se$erti (ang !i'a$&r"an Ba!an Lit)ang

De$arte%en Kese0atan RI $ersentase "e%atian a"i)at $en(a"it ini %ening"at !ari #

$a!a ta0,n 1# %en-a!i 1 $a!a ta0,n 1/1 1*@ $a!a ta0,n 1/* !an 1@ $a!a

ta0,n 1#.

2.3;Pen&e'a'.(

Se4ara garis )esar $en(e)a) "e%atian %en!a!a" a!a'a0 "arena tra,%a "era4,nan !an

$en(a"it. Insi!en "e%atian %en!a!a" a"i)at tra,%a !an "era4,nan 'e)i0 ",rang se"itar 2#5

3@ se%entara $en(a"it %er,$a"an $en(e)a) tersering !ari ter-a!in(a "e%atian %en!a!a"

5


6/16

!engan $ersentase %en4a$ai *@5@. Pen(a"it (ang %en-a!i $en(e)a) %ati %en!a!a" !a$at

!i"'asifi"asi"an %en,r,t siste% t,),0 (ait, siste% s,s,nan saraf $,sat siste%

"ar!i&as",'ar siste% $erna$asan siste% gastr&intestina' siste% 0ae%&$&ieti" !an siste%

en!&"rin. Dari siste%5siste% terse),t (ang $a'ing )an(a" %en-a!i $en(e)a) "e%atian a!a'a0

siste% "ar!i&as",'ar !a'a% 0a' ini $en(a"it -ant,ng.

A; Siste% Kar!i&as",'ar

ati %en!a!a" a!a'a0 "e%atian (ang ti!a" ter!,ga nontraumatis! non self inslicted fatality!

(ang ter-a!i !a'a% a"t, 2+ -a% se-a" aa' ge-a'a. Ber!asar"an !efinisi ini %a"a $en(a"it

-ant,ng 7s,!!en 4ar!ia4 !eat08 %er,$a"an *@ !ari "ese',r,0an "as,s. Ji"a (ang !iangga$

%ati %en!a!a" a!a'a0 "e%atian (ang ter-a!i sat, -a% se-a" ti%),'n(a ge-a'a maka sudden

cardiac death %er,$a"an 1 !ari se%,a "as,s %ati %en!a!a". Sudden Cardiac Death

a!a'a0 "e%atian ti!a" ter!,ga "arena $en(a"it -ant,ng (ang !i!a0,',i !engan ge-a'a %a,$,n

tan$a ge-a'a (ang ter-a!i 1 -a% se)e',%n(a. Le)i0 !ari #@ $en(a"it "ar!i&as",'ar a!a'a0

$en(a"it -ant,ng is"e%i" a"i)at s"'er&sis "&r&ner. Ur,tan )eri",tn(a a!a'a0 %i&"ar!itis

"e'ainan "at,$ ref'e"s iser&aga' 0i$ersensitiitas "ar&ti! sin"&$e as&aga'

"eti!a"sei%)angan asa% )asa !an e'e"tr&'it.

; Pen(a"it -ant,ng is"e%i"

Pen(a"it arteri "&r&naria %er,$a"an $en(e)a) $a'ing )an(a" "e%atian %en!a!a".

Pen(e%$itan !an &"',si "&r&ner &'e0 at0er&%a a!a'a0 (ang $a'ing sering !ite%,"an.

Ter-a!in(a s"'er&sis "&r&ner !i$engar,0i &'e0 fa"t&r5fa"t&r %a"anan 7'e%a"8 "e)iasaan%er&"&" geneti" ,sia -enis "e'a%in ras !ia)etes %e''it,s 0i$ertensi stress $si"is !an

'ain5'ain. Ke%atian 'e)i0 sering ter-a!i $a!a 'a"i5'a"i !ari$a!a anita. S"'er&sis ini sering

ter-a!i $a!a ra%,s !es4en!ens arteri "&r&naria sisnistra $a!a 'eng",ng arteri "&r&naria

!e"stra !an $a!a ra%,s sir",%f'e"sa arteri "&r&naria sisnistra. Lesi ta%$a" se)agai

)er4a" ",ning $,ti0 7'i$i!&sis8 (ang %,'a5%,'a ter!a$at !i inti%a "e%,!ian %en(e)ar

"e',ar 'a$isan (ang 'e)i0 !a'a%. Ka!ang5"a!ang !i-,%$ai $er!ara0an s,)inti%a ata, "e

!a'a% ',%en. A!an(a s"'er&sis !engan ',%en %en(e%$it 0ingga $in $&int s,!a0 4,",$

,nt," %enega""an !iagn&sis is"e%i" "arena $a!a "en(ataann(a ti!a" se%,a "e%atian

"&r&ner !isertai "e'ainan &t&t -ant,ng.

; Infar" %i&"ar!

Infar" %i&"ar! a!a'a0 ne"r&sis -aringan &t&t -ant,ng a"i)at ins,fisiensi a'iran !ara0

(ang ter-a!i "arena s$as%e ata, s,%)atan a"i)at s"'er&sis !an t0r&%)&sis. Infar"

%i&"ar! a!a'a0 $at&'&gi" 7ge-a'a "'inisn(a )erariasi )a0"an "a!ang tan$a ge-a'a

a$a$,n8 se!ang"an infar" %i&"ar! a",t a!a'a0 $engertian "'inis 7!engan ge-a'a !iagn&sis

tertent,8. S,%)atan $a!a ra%,s !es4en!ent arteria "&r&naria sinistra !a$at %en(e)a)"an

infar" !i !aera0 se$t,% )i'i" )agian !e$an a$e"s !an )agian !e$an $a!a !in!ing )i'i"

"iri.

6


7/16

Se!ang"an infar" $a!a !in!ing )e'a"ang )i'i" "iri !ise)a)"an &'e0 s,%)atan )agian

arteria "&r&naria !e"stra. Cangg,an $a!a ra%,s sir",%f'e"sa arteria "&r&naria sinistra

0an(a %en(e)a)"an infar" !i sa%$ing )e'a"ang !in!ing )i'i" "iri. S,at, infar" (ang

)ersifat !ini a"an )er%anifestasi se)agai !aera0 (ang )erarna ge'a$ ata, 0e%&ragi".

Se!ang"an infar" (ang 'a%a ta%$a" )erarna ",ning $a!at. Ke%atian !a$at ter-a!i

!a'a% )e)era$a -a% aa' ata, 0ari sete'a0 infar" !an $en(e)a) segeran(a a!a'a0 fi)ri'asi

entri"e'. Pen(e)a) 'ain !ari "e%atian %en!a!a" sete'a0 &nset !ari infar" a!a'a0 r,$t,r

!in!ing entri"e' $a!a !aera0 infar" !an "e%atian a"i)at ta%$&na!e -ant,ng.

; Pen(a"it Kat,$ Jant,ng

Lesi "at,$ sering !ite%,"an $a!a "as,s5"as,s "e%atian %en!a!a" !an ta%$a" $a!a

)an(a" "as,s !a$at !it&'eransi !engan )ai" 0ingga a"0ir 0i!,$. S,at, 'esi "at,$ s$esifi"

(ang ter-a!i $a!a "e'&%$&" ,sia 'an-,t a!a'a0 sten&sis a&rta "a'sifi"asi 7s"'er&sis an,'ar8

(ang ta%$a" se)agai !egenerasi at0er&%at&sa !a,n "at,$ !an 4in4inn(a !an ),"an s,at,

a"i)at !ari $en(a"it -ant,ng re%ati" $a!a ,sia %,!a.

Pen(a"it "at,$ -ant,ng )iasan(a %e%$,n(ai ria(at (ang $an-ang. Ke%atian

%en!a!a" !a$at ter-a!i a"i)at r,$t,r a','a. Ke%atian %en!a!a" !a$at -,ga ter-a!i $a!a

sten&sis a&rta "a'sifi"asi 74a'4ifi4 a&rta' sten&sis8 "as,s ini !ise)a)"an &'e0 $en(a"it

!egenerasi !an ),"an "ar!itis re,%ati". Pen(a"it ini 'e)i0 )an(a" $a!a $ria !i)an!ing

anita !an ti%),' $a!a ,sia se"itar *@ ta0,n ata, 'e)i0.

; i&"ar!itis

i&"ar!itis a!a'a0 ra!ang $a!a %i&"ar!i,% (ang !itan!ai !engan a!an(a $r&ses

e"s,!asi !an se),"an se' ra!ang. i&"ar!itis a",t !a$at )er,$a %i&"ar!itis a",t

$,r,'enta (ang %er,$a"an "&%$'i"asi !ari se$ti"e%ia ata, a)ses %i&"ar!. i&"ar!itis

)iasan(a ti!a" %en,n-,""an ge-a'a !an sering ter-a!i $a!a !easa %,!a. Diagn&sis

%i&"ar!itis $a!a "e%atian %en!a!a" 0an(a !a$at !itega""an !engan $e%eri"saan

0ist&$at&'&gi. >t&t -ant,ng 0ar,s !ia%)i' se)an(a" !,a $,',0 $&t&ngan !ari !,a $,',0

'&"asi (ang )er)e!a ,nt," $e%eri"saan ini. Pa!a $e%eri"saan 0ist&$at&'&gi" ta%$a"

$era!angan interstisia' ata, $aren"i% e!e%a $er'e%a"an ne"r&sis !egenerasi &t&t

0ingga %i&'isis. Infi'trasi 'e,"&sit )erinti t,ngga' $'as%&sit !an 0isti&sit ta%$a" -e'as.

; Hi$ert&ni

Hi$ert&ni !itega""an !engan a!an(a 0i$ertr&fi &t&t -ant,ng !isertai !engan a!an(a

tan!a5tan!a !e"&%$ensasi s"'er&sis $e%),',0 $erifer sere)ra' stat,s 'a",naris $a!a

gangg'ia )asa'is s"'er&sis arteria f&'i",'aris 'i%fa !an arteri&s"'er&sis gin-a'. Hi$ertr&fi

%i&"ar!i,% !a$at ter-a!i $a!a 0i$ertensi $en(a"it "at,$ -ant,ng $en(a"it $ar,5$ar,

7


8/16

(ang "r&ni" ata, &'e0 "arena "ea!aan (ang !ise),t "ar!i&%i&$ati ata, i!i&$ati

"ar!i&%ega'i. Sat, ata, "e!,a sisi -ant,ng.

; Pen(a"it Arteri

Se)agai $en(e)a) "e%atian %en!a!a" sat,5sat,n(a $en(a"it arteri (ang $enting

a!a'a0 (ang !a$at %en-a!i ane,ris%a se0ingga %,!a0 r,$t,r. Ane,ris%a $a'ing sering

ter-a!i !i a&rta t0&ra4a'is !an ane,ris%a at0er&%at&,s $a!a a&rta a)!&%ina'is (ang

)iasan(a ter-a!i $a!a 'a"i5'a"i )er,sia !i atas 'i%a $,',0 ta0,n. A"i)at !ari r,$t,r

ane,ris%a tergant,ng $a!a '&"asi r,$t,r.

Ji"a r,$t,r ter-a!i $a!a ane,ris%a a&rta as4en!en %a"a %,ng"in a"an %as," "e

!a'a% $ar,5$ar, r&ngga $'e,ra %e!istin,% )a0"an tra"0ea )r&n",s !an es&$0ag,s.

R,$t,r $a!a a&rta t0&ra4a'is $ars !es4en!ent )iasan(a se'a', r,$t,r "e 4a,% $'e,ra.

Pa!a a&rta $ars a)!&%ina'is r,$t,r )iasan(a ter-a!i se!i"it !i atas )if,4arti&. Ji"a

ane,ris%a -,ga %e'i)at"an arteri5arteri i'ia4a %a"a r,$t,r a"an ter-a!i !i se"itar

$e%),',0 !ara0 terse),t. Per!ara0an )iasan(a retr&$erit&nea' !an "&'a$s %en!a!a" )isa

ter-a!i. R,$t,r %,ng"in "e ara0 r&ngga retr&$erit&nea' ata, "a!ang5"a!ang se"itar

"an!,ng "e%i0 !an !iagn&sis )ar, !a$at !i"eta0,i sete'a0 a,t&$si.

Se'ain r,$t,r ane,ris%a %ati %en!a!a" "arena "e'ainan a&rta -,ga !ise)a)"an &'e0

"&ar"tasi& a&rta %es"i$,n )iasan(a )era"i)at ter-a!in(a r,$t,r !an !ese"si. Ke%atian

ter-a!i )e)era$a -a% ata, 0ari sete'a0 ge-a'a %,n4,'. Ce-a'a ata, "e',0an (ang $a'ing

sering %,n4,' $a!a ,%,%n(a a!a'a0 rasa sa"it.

B; Siste% Res$irasi

Ke%atian )iasan(a %e'a',i %e"anis%e $er!ara0an asfi"sia !an ata, $ne,%&t0&ra"s.

Per!ara0an !a$at ter-a!i $a!a t,)er",'&sis $ar, "an"er $ar, )r&n"ie"tasis a)ses !an

se)again(a. Se!ang"an asfi"sia ter-a!i $a!a $ne,%&nia s$as%e sa',ran na$as as%a !an

$en(a"it $ar, &)str,"tif "r&nis as$irasi !ara0 ata, terse!a".

; Per!ara0an sa',ran na$as

ati %en!a!a" (ang ter-a!i $a!a &rang (ang ta%$a" se0at a"i)at siste% $erna$asan

-arang !ite%,"an. Ke%atian !a$at ter-a!i !ise)a)"an "arena $er!ara0an (ang %as," "e

!a'a% sa',ran $erna$asan %isa'n(a a"i)at $e4a0n(a $e%),',0 ena t,)er",'&sis

ne&$'as%a )r&n",s )r&n"ie"tasis ata, a)ses $ar,5$ar,. Pen(e)a) ,ta%a !ari siste% ini

a!a'a0 $er!ara0an (a"ni "arena $er!ara0an (ang 4,",$ )an(a" ata, %as,"n(a

$er!ara0an "e !a'a% $ar,5$ar,. Di !a'a% a,t&$si a"an !ite%,"an a!an(a !ara0 tra40ea

)r&n",s ata, sa',ran na$as (ang 'e)i0 !a'a% 'agi. Per!ara0an !a$at %,n4,' !ari 'esi

inf'a%asi $a!a !aera0 nas&$0aring. Be)era$a "as,s !a$at -,ga )erasa' !ari arteri 4ar&tis.

8


9/16

Per!ara0an (ang 'ain !a$at )erasa' !ari "arsin&%a !i !aera0 es&$0ag,s ata, -aringan

se"itarn(a. Ane,ris%a a&rta !a$at -,ga r,$t,r "e ara0 )r&n",s ata, es&$0ag,s.

; Br&n"ie"tasis

Br&n"ie"tasis a!a'a0 $e'e)aran !ari ',%en )r&n",s. Biasan(a '&"a' !an $er%anen.

E"tasis ter-a!i a"i)at a!an(a "er,sa"an !in!ing )r&n",s. Ker,sa"an !in!ing terse),t

!a$at !ise)a)"an &'e0 $en(a"it $ar,5$ar,. Ja!i )r&n"ie"tasis ),"an %er,$a"an s,at,

$en(a"it (ang )er!iri sen!iri %e'ain"an %er,$a"an s,at, a"i)at !ari $en(a"it $ar,5$ar,.

Pe'e)aran !in!ing )r&n",s !ii",ti !engan $ening"atan $er%ea)i'itas $e%),',0 !ara0

!an $e'e)aran $e%),',0 !ara0. U'serasi !ari !in!ing e"tasis a"an %eni%),'"an

$er!ara0an "e !a'a% ',%en )r&n",s (ang !a$at )era"i)at "e%atian.

Ca%)aran fisi" %,n4,' a"i)at a!an(a 0i$&"sia !an $er!ara0an (ang ta%$a" $a!a

0e%&$tisis. Penting ,nt," !i'a","an $e%eri"saan $at&'&gi anat&%i -aringan $ar,5$ar,

,nt," %e%asti"an !iagn&sis a!an(a )r&n"ie"tasis $a!a "as,s %ati %en!a!a" (ang

!i4,rigai "arena $er!ara0an $ar,5$ar,.

; A)ses $ar,

A)ses $ar, a!a'a0 'esi $ar, (ang )er,$a s,$,rasi !an ne"r&sis -aringan. A)ses !a$at

ti%),' a"i)at ',"a "arena tra,%a $ar, $er',asan a)ses s,)!iafrag%a !an infar" $ar,5

$ar, (ang terinfe"si. Karena $en(e)a) ter)an(a" a!a'a0 infe"si %a"a %i"r&&rganis%e

(ang %en(e)a)"an a)ses %er,$a"an &rganis%e (ang ter!a$at !i !a'a% %,',t 0i!,ng!an sa',ran na$as. a4a%5%a4a% &rganis%e terse),t %isa'n(a ",%an "&",s

7stre$t&4&44,s sta$0('&4&44,s8 )asi' f,sif&r% )asi' anaer&) !an aer&) s$(r&40aeta

$r&te,s !an 'ain se)again(a.

Pat&'&gi ter-a!in(a a)ses !iaa'i !engan ",%an (ang teras$irasi "e !a'a% sa',ran

na$as sa%$ai !i )r&n",s !an )r&n"i&',s. Ke%,!ian infe"si %en(e)ar "e $aren"i% $ar,.

Ter-a!i $e%)ent,"an -aringan gran,'asi (ang %enge'i'ingi '&"asi infe"si. Da$at ter-a!i

$er',asan "e $'e,ra se0ingga $,s !an -aringan ne"r&ti" !a$at "e',ar "e r&ngga $'e,ra.

A)ses tan$a $eng&)atan (ang ",at !a$at %en-a!i "r&nis.

; Pne,%&t0&ra

Pne,%&t0&ra"s a!a'a0 a!an(a ,!ara !i !a'a% r&ngga $'e,ra. Ban(a" ter-a!i $a!a

!easa t,a se"itar ,sia +@ ta0,n !an 'e)i0 )an(a" ter-a!i $a!a $ria !i)an!ing anita.

Pen(a"it !asar $en(e)a) $ne,%&t0&ra"s a!a'a0 t,)er",'&sis $ar, e%fise%a !an

)r&n"0itis "r&nis. Pne,%&t0&ra"s )er,'ang !engan %enstr,asi $a!a anita !ise)a)"an

&'e0 a!an(a $'e,ra en!&%etr&sis 7"ata%enia' $ne,%&t0&ra"s8. S$&ntan $ne,%&t0&ra"s

!a$at ter-a!i se)agai $en(e)a) "e%atian. U%,n(a ter-a!i "arena r,$t,r !ar, ),''a

e%fise%a.

9


10/16

Pne,%&t0&ra"s -,ga !a$at ter-a!i a"i)at $e4a0n(a "aerna se0ingga )erf,ngsi

se)agai $enti' ,!ara 7enti' $ne,%&t0&ra"s8. Pen!erita %en!erita sesa" na$as (ang )erat

te"anan intra$'e,ra' %ening"at sangat tinggi ter-a!i "&'a$s $ar, !an $ene"anan $a!a

%e!iastin,% ter%as," -ant,ng en&,s ret,rn -,ga tergangg,. A"i)atn(a se'ain ter-a!i

gangg,an $erna$asan -,ga ter-a!i gangg,an $a!a sir",'asi -ant,ng (ang )era"i)at $a!a

"e%atian.

; >)str,"si Sa',ran Na$as

>)str,"si res$irat&ri a",t !ari 'aring !a$at !ise)a)"an &'e0 ne&$'as%a e!e%a g'&tis a",t

(ang !ise)a)"an &'e0 a'ergi 7angi&ne,r&ti4 inf'a%%at&r( e!e%a8 ata, $era!angan '&"a'

7stre$t&4&44a' ata, sta$0('&4&44a' inf'a%%at&r( g'&ttis &e!e%a8 -,ga !a$at !ise)a)"an

&'e0 'ar(ngitis !ifteri.

; As%a Br&n"ia'

ati %en!a!a" !a$at -,ga ter-a!i $a!a saat serangan as%a )r&n"ia'. Pat&genesis !ari

as%a )r&n"ia' (ang "0as a!a'a0 a!an(a $en(e%$itan sa%$ai &)str,"si !ari )r&n",s "e4i'

$a!a ta0a$ ins$irasi !an e"s$irasi. Pen(e%$itan it, !ise)a)"an &'e0 s$as%e &t&t $&'&s

)r&n",s e!e%a %,"&sa )r&n",s !an se"resi "e'en-ar )r&n",s %ening"at. Pa!a a,t&$si

$en!erita as%a )r&n"ia' (ang %eningga' !i!a$at"an $er,)a0an5$er,)a0an se)agai

)eri",t :

; Per,)a0an $at&'&gis; >er!istensi !ari "e!,a $ar,

; Par, ti!a" "&'a$s a"t, 4a,% $'e,ra !i),"a.

; Da'a% )r&n",s sa%$ai )r&n",s ter%ina'is !i!a$at"an g,%$a'an e"s,!at (ang

%en(er,$ai ge'atin.

; Per,)a0an 0ist&$at&'&gis.

; His$ertr&fi &t&t )r&n",s.

; E!e%a %,"&sa )r&n"i.

; Ker,sa"an e$ite' $er%,"aan %,"&sa.

; Pene)a'an n(ata !ari %e%)ran )asa'is.

; Infi'trasi e&sin&fi' !a'a% !in!ing )r&n",s.

A"i)at 'an-,t !ari s,%)atan sa',ran na$as $a!a as%a )r&n"ia' a!a'a0 %en,r,nn(a

te"anan $arsia' &"sigen !i a'e&'i se0ingga &"sigen !a'a% $ere!aran !ara0 -,ga

%en,r,n 70i$&"se%ia8. Se)a'i"n(a ter-a!i resistensi "ar)&n !i&"si!a se0ingga "a!ar

"ar)&n !i&"si!a !a'a% $ere!aran !ara0 %ening"at. Ha' ini %en(e)a)"an rangsangan

$a!a $,sat $erna$asan se0ingga ter-a!i 0i$erenti'asi. Dari $at0&genesis ter-a!in(a

serangan as%a terse),t %a"a "e$astian %ati %en!a!a" a"i)at serangan as%a

%e%er',"an $e%eri"saan 0ist&'&gi !an )i&"i%ia 7t&"si"&'&gi8 !engan )ai".

10


11/16

C; Siste% $en4ernaan

; Pen(a"it $a!a es&fag,s !an 'a%),ng

Ke%atian %en!a!a" !a$at !ise)a)"an &'e0 arises es&$0ag,s. arises es&$0ag,s

sering %er,$a"an "&%$'i"asi !ari sir&sis 0e$atis. e"anis%e ter-a!in(a a!a'a0 a"i)at

!ari 0i$ertensi $&rta'. Hi$ertensi $&rta' sen!iri !a$at !ise)a)"an &'e0 "e'ainan

intra0e$ata' 7ir,s 0e$atitis sir&sis $&rta' sir&sis )i'ier t,%&r $ri%er %a,$,n %etastati4

0e$ar tr&%)&sis ena 0e$ati"a a%('&i!&sis 0e$ati"a8 %en(e)a)"an sir",'asi $&rta'

!a'a% 0e$ar ter)en!,ng se0ingga ti!a" 'an4ar !an se)agai "&%$ensasi %a"a a'iran

$&rta' terse),t %e'a',i $e%),',0 ena 'ain ,nt," !a$at %as," "e !a'a% sir",'asi !ara0.

U'",s $e$ti",% )isa %en(e)a)"an "e%atian %en!a!a". U'",s $e$ti",% %er,$a"an

,'",s (ang ter-a!i !i %,"&sa s,)%,"&sa )a0"an "a!ang )isa %en4a$ai 'a$isan

%,s",'er !ari tra4t,s gastr&intestina' (ang se'a', )er0,),ngan !engan asa% 'a%),ng

ata, asa% "'&ri!a. L&"asi ,'",s %,'ai !ari )aa0 es&$0ag,s 'a%),ng !an !,&!en,%

)agian atas.

Unt," a,t&$si "e%atian %en!a!a" &'e0 "arena "as,s $er!ara0an r&ngga a)!&%en

(ang ti!a" -e'as $en(e)a)n(a $er', !i'a","an $e%eri"saan 'a%),ng !an ,s,s !engan

0ati50ati ,nt," %en4ari "e%,ng"inan !ise)a)"an &'e0 a!an(a $erf&rasi a"i)at ,'",s

$e$ti",%.

; Pen(a"it $a!a ,s,s 0a',s ,s,s )esar !an $an"reasSetia$ ta0,n ter!a$at "&%$'i"asi !ari $erit&nitis !an gangrene ,s,s (ang

%en(e)a)"an "e%atian. K&n!isi 'ain (ang %,ng"in %en(e)a)"an "e%atian se$erti

strang,'asi 0ernia ing,ina'is 0ernia fe%&ra'is 0ernia ,%)i'i"a'is !an &',',s.

Ke%atian %en!a!a" -,ga !a$at ter-a!i $a!a $erf&rasi %ega"&'&n t&"si". ega"&'&n

t&"si" a!a'a0 !i'atasi se%,a )agian !ari "&'&n sa%$ai !engan !ia%eter * 4% !isertai

t&"sisitas siste%i". ega"&'&n t&"si" %er,$a"an "&%$'i"asi !ari setia$ inf'a%asi )erat

$a!a "&'&n se$erti : 4&'itis ,'seratif 4&'itis gran,'&%at&sa 7Chron9s disease8 4&'itis

a%,)i"a"&'itis $se,!&%e%)ran&sa 4&'itis sa'%&ne''a tif,s a)!&%ina'is !isentri )asi'er

"&'era enter&"&'itis is"e%i" infi'trasi 'i%f&%a $a!a "&'&n 4&'itis "arena 4'&stri!i,%

!an 4a%$('&)a4ter. Ke%atian $a!a %ega"&'&n t&"si" 4,",$ tinggi.

D; Siste% saraf $,sat

asa'a0 %ati %en!a!a" (ang )er0,),ngan !engan $en(a"it siste% saraf $,sat

)iasan(a a"i)at $er!ara0an (ang !a$at ter-a!i $a!a e$i!,ra' s,)ara"0n&i! ata,

intrasere)ra'. Per!ara0an s,)ara40n&i! )er0,),ngan !engan r,$t,r ane,ris%a. Biasan(a

ter'eta" $a!a sir",',s i''isi teta$i "a!ang -,ga !i te%$at 'ain !ari arteri sere)ra'. Pa!a

11


12/16

,%,%n(a r,$t,r arteri "arena a!an(a "e'ainan 4&ngenita' $a!a !in!ing $e%),',0 !ara0

ta$i r,$t,r )iasan(a a"i)at !egenerasi at0er&%at&,s.

Pa!a !easa %,!a "e%atian %en!a!a" "arena a!a "e'ainan $a!a s,s,nan saraf $,sat

(ait, $e4a0n(a ane,ris%a sere)ri (ang %asi0 !a$at !i"eta0,i '&"asin(a )i'a $e%eri"saan

atas $e%),',0 !ara0 &ta" 74ir4,',s i''isi8 !i"er-a"an !engan te'iti< !i%ana $a!a

$e%eri"saan a"an !itan!ai !engan a!an(a $er!ara0an s,)ara"n&i!.

; Per!ara0an s,)ara"0n&i!

Per!ara0an s,)ara40n&i! !a$at %en(e)a)"an "&'a$s %en!a!a" !an "e%atian (ang

4e$at. Tan!a5tan!a (ang %,n4,' se$erti sa"it "e$a'a "a", ",!," )e)era$a 0ari ata,

%ingg, se)e',% r,$t,r (ang %e%ati"an terse),t. Bi'a $a!a $e%eri"saan !i!a$at"an

a!an(a $er!ara0an s,)ara"0n&i! 0ar,s !i4ari s,%)er $er!ara0an 0a' ini $enting ,nt,"

%enent,"an $enata'a"sanaan (ang te$at. Pa!a a&,t&$si !iagn&sis $er!ara0an

s,)ara"n&i! ter),"ti sen!iri. Pa!a &t&$si !ite%,"an -en!a'an !ara0 ata, '&"a'5'&"a'

$er!ara0an $a!a )agian )aa0 &ta" !an '&"asi ane,ris%a sering s,"ar ,nt," !ite%,"an.

,'ti$e' ane,ris%a %,ng"in ter-a!i a'a,$,n ti!a" ,%,%. Per!ara0an a"an )erarna

%era0 terang $a!a $er!ara0an segar< a$a)i'a )erta0an )e)era$a %ingg, a"an )erarna

"e4&"'atan "arena 0e%&g'&)in %enga'a%i $er,)a0an. Ane,ris%a ta%$a" $a!a /#

"as,s $er!ara0an s,) ara"0n&i! s$&ntan na%,n sisan(a ti!a" %en,n-,""an a!an(a

ane,ris%a. Ha' ini %,ng"in "arena !estr,"si ane,ris%a "e4i' "eti"a r,$t,r. Pen4arian

a"an a!an(a ane,ris%a "e4i' $a!a &t&$si %,ng"in s,'it "arena a!an(a 'a$isan te)a' !ari)e",an !ara0 (ang ter-e)a" antara se'a$,t &ta" !an $e%),',0 !ara0.

; Per!ara0an intra4ere)ra'.

Per!ara0an intrasere)ra' "e%atian ter-a!i sete'a0 )e)era$a -a% $asien ta%$a" "e%)a'i

)ai" "e%,!ian a"0irn(a "&'a$s. K&'a$s %en!a!a" )er0,),ngan !engan r,$t,r !ari

entri"e' 'atera'. Biasan(a !isertai !engan a!an(a 0i$ertensi 'a%a $a!a $asien. Ter-a!i

'e)i0 sering $a!a 'a"i5'a"i "eti"a )era"tiitas !i)an!ing"an !engan saat )eristira0at.

E; Pen(a"it siste% ,r&genita'

Siste% ,rinari -arang %eni%),'"an "e%atian %en!a!a" %es"i$,n $a!a )e)era$a

"&n!isi %isa'n(a $a!a $asien !engan ,re%ia fase ter%ina' ata, !engan "&%a "e-ang

!a$at ter-a!i %ati %en!a!a".

Pa!a siste% genita'ia 0ar,s !i$"ir"an a!an(a $er!ara0an (ang sering ter-a!i $a!a

$asien anita ,sia s,),r. Sering ter-a!i r,$t,r t,)a $a!a "e0a%i'an e"t&$i" tergangg,

12


13/16

se0ingga %en(e)a)"an $er!ara0an intra$erit&nea' (ang )er,-,ng $a!a "e%atian. Ha' ini

0ar,s !i4ega0 !engan interensi tin!a"an )e!a0 se4e$atn(a.

2.4;Pe#eri!saan "enunjang

Ber0a!a$an !engan "as,s "e%atian %en!a!a" a,t&$si 0ar,s !i'a","an !engan a%at

te'iti $e%eri"saan 0ist&$at&'&gi" %er,$a"an s,at, "e0ar,san. Sa%$e' !ia%)i' !ari se%,a

&rgan (ang !iangga$ ter'i)at !engan $er-a'anan $en(a"it 0ingga %en(e)a)"an "e%atian -,ga

"e'ainan $a!a &rgan (ang ta%$a" seg4ara %a"r&s"&$i" a'a, %,ng"in "e'ainan terse),t

ti!a" )er0,),ngan 'angs,ng !engan $en(e)a) "e%atian. Se)ai"n(a setia$ -enis &rgan

!i%as,""an $a!a a!a0n(a sen!iri %eng0in!ari )ias $e%)a4aan %i"r&s"&$i". E"sisi

sa%$e' &rgan 0ar,s'a0 %en4a",$ !aera0 (ang n&r%a' !an !aera0 (ang "ita 4,rigai se4ara

%i"r&s"&$i" ter-a!i $r&ses $at&'&gi". Inf&r%asi %engenai te%,an5te%,an $a!a a,t&$si $er',

!iserta"an !a'a% $er%intaan $e%eri"saan 0ist&$at&'&gi se0ingga !&"ter a0'i $at&'&gi !a$at

%e'a","an t,gasn(a !engan %a"si%a'.

Pa!a a,t&$si "as,s (ang !i!,ga "e%atian %en!a!a" 0a%$ir se'a', 0ar,s !i'a","an

$e%eri"saan t&"si"&'&gi. Tan$a $e%eri"saan t&"si"&'&gi $enega"an se)a) "e%atian %en-a!i

",rang ta-a%. Penga%)i'an sa%$e' ,nt," $e%eri"saan t&"si"&'&gi )eraga% ses,ai !engan

"e4,rigaan -enis ra4,n $a!a "as,s se4ara in!ii!,a'. Sa%$e' (ang !a$at !ia%)i' ,nt,"

ana'isa t&"si"&'&gi se4ara r,tin a!a'a0 :

a; Dara0

b; Urin: 2@53@ %' ,rine !i%as,""an "e !a'a% "&ntainer "&s&ng "e4,a'i )i'a a!a$en,n!aan $e%eri"saan !a$at !i%as,""an s&!i,% a9i!e.

c; ,nta0an ata, isi 'a%),ng: %,nta0an !a$at !i%as,""an "e !a'a% "ant,ng

$'asti" (ang !a$at !it,t,$ ra$at $a!a a,t&$si isi 'a%),ng !a$at !i%as,""an "e

!a'a% a!a0 (ang sa%a !engan %e%),"a ",rat,ra %in&r !engan g,nting.

La)&rat&ri,% tertent, -,ga a"an %e%inta sa%$e' !in!ing 'a%),ng "arena ),),"

ata, !e)ris ta)'et !a$at %e'e"at $a!a 'i$atan 'a%),ng !engan "&nsentrasi (ang

tinggi.

d; Feses: isi re"t,% ,%,%n(a ti!a" !i$er',"an ,nt," ana'isa "e4,a'i a!a "e4,rigaan

"era4,nan '&ga% )erat sa%$e' se)an(a" 2@53@ gra% !a$at !i%as,""an "e !a'a%

a!a0 (ang !a$at tert,t,$ ra$at.

e; Lier !an &rgan 'ain: 0ati !a$at !i$eri"sa se4ara ,t,0 ,nt," ana'isa t&"si"&'&gi

)i'a 0an(a se)agian 0ati (ang !ia%)i' se)agai sa%$e' 71@@gra%8 %a"a )erat t&ta'

0ati 0ar,s !i4ant,%"an !a'a% 'e%)ar $er%intaan $e%eri"saan. Pa!a

$en(a'a0g,naan )a0an $e'ar,t se$erti $a!a $eng0ir,$ 'e% )a0an "i%ia $era4,n

,%,%n(a !a$at !ite%,"an !a'a% !ara0. La)&rat&ri,% !a$at %e%)ant, )i'a "ita

!a$at %e%)eri"an sa%$e' $ar, se4ara ,t,0 agar gas (ang ter$erang"a$ !a'a%

13


14/16

$ar, !a$at !iana'isa. Pa!a "ea!aan ini $ar, !i%as,""an "e a!a0 "e!a$ ,!ara

se$erti "ant,ng ni'&n ata, "ant,ng $&'(in(' "'&ri!a.

f; P&t&ngan ra%),t !an ",",: $a!a "era4,nan '&ga% )erat se)agian ra%),t !a$at

!i$&t&ng ata, !i4a),t )eserta a"arn(a )ersa%a !engan $&t&ngan ",", "arena

'&ga% )erat ini %engen!a$ $a!a ",", !an !a$at !iana'isa !engan ana'isa a"tiasi

ne,tr&n ,nt," %e'i0at 0,),ngan $ert,%),0an ra%),t !an $a$aran ra4,n.

Pa$aran ra4,n (ang $a'ing )ar, a"an ter'i0at $a'ing !e"at !engan a"ar ata,

$ang"a' ",",.

2.) Ke"entingan Aut$"si *$rensi!

ati %en!a!a" sa%$ai saat ini %,ng"in %asi0 !iangga$ se)agai $eristia (ang

a-ar )ai" &'e0 %as(ara"at %a,$,n $i0a" $en(i!i" ata, "e$&'isian. Se0ingga "as,s %ati

%e!a!a" ti!a" !i%inta"an a,t&$si. K&n!isi terse),t sangat %er,gi"an %engingat

"e%,ng"inan "e%atian %en!a!a" terse),t ter!a$at ,ns,r "ri%ina'n(a ata, "e%atian

terse),t )er0,),ngan !engan "e'a'aian $er),atan &rang 'ain.

Kas,s %ati %en!a!a" (ang ti!a" ter!,ga sering %eni%),'"an $ertan(aan.

Ke4,rigaan a!an(a "eti!a"a-aran sering %,n4,' !a'a% $i"iran &rang. Ber)agai $ertan(aan

%,n4,' !a'a% )ena" %asing5%asing &rang tentang "&r)an (ang %ati %en!a!a" terse),t.

Pa!a "as,s "e%atian %en!a!a" sangat $er', %en!a$at $er0atian "ea!aan "&r)an se)e',%

"e%atian. Kea!aan 'ing",ngan te%$at "e-a!ian $er"ara -,ga 0ar,s !i$er0ati"an. Beri",t

a!a'a0 0a'50a' (ang $er', !i$er0ati"an :; Ke%atian ter-a!i $a!a saat sese&rang %e'a","an a"tiitas fisi" %a,$,n e%&si&na'

!an !isa"si"an &'e0 &rang 'ain %isa'n(a se!ang )er&'a0raga %e'a","an ,-ian !an

'ain se)again(a.

; Jena9a0 !a'a% "ea!aan %en4,riga"an %isa'n(a "&r)an tan$a "e'ainan a$a5a$a

!engan !engan $a"aian ra$i !ite%,"an %eningga' ata, %eningga' !i te%$at ti!,r

sen!irian.

2.+ As"e! #ei!$%ega%

Pa!a tin!a" $i!ana $e%),n,0an $e'a", )iasan(a a"an %e'a","an s,at, tin!a"an

ata, ,sa0a agar tin!a" "e-a0atan (ang !i'a","an(a ti!a" !i"eta0,i )ai" &'e0 "e',arga

%as(ara"at !an (ang $asti a!a'a0 $i0a" $en(i!i" 7$&'isi8 sa'a0 sat, %&!,s &$eran!,s (ang

)isa !i'a","an a!a'a0 !engan 4ara %e%)aa -ena9a0 terse),t "e r,%a0 sa"it !engan a'asan

"e4e'a"aan ata, %eningga' !i $er-a'anan "eti"a %en,-, "e r,%a0 sa"it 7Death on rri"al8

!i%ana se)e',%n(a "&r)an %enga'a%i serangan s,at, $en(a"it 7nat,ra' s,!!en !eat08.

Pa!a "&n!isi !iatas !&"ter se)agai se&rang $r&fesi&na' (ang %e%$,n(ai "eenangan

,nt," %e%)eri"an s,rat "eterangan "e%atian 0ar,s )ersi"a$ sangat 0ati50ati !a'a%

%enge',ar"an !an %enan!atangani s,rat "e%atian $a!a "as,s "e%atian %en!a!a" 7sudden

14


15/16

death8 "arena !i"0aatir"an "e%atian terse),t sete'a0 !ise'i!i"i &'e0 $i0a" $en(i!i"

%er,$a"an "e%atian (ang ter-a!i a"i)at s,at, tin!a" $i!ana. Kesa'a0an $r&se!,r ata,

"e4er&)&0an (ang !&"ter 'a","an !a$at %enga"i)at"an !&"ter (ang %e%),at !an

%enan!atangani s,rat "e%atian terse),t !a$at ter"ena san"si 0,",%an $i!ana.

A!a )e)era$a $rinsi$ se4ara garis )esar 0ar,s !i"eta0,i &'e0 !&"ter )er0,),ngan !engan

"e%atian %en!a!a" a"i)at $en(a"it (ait,:

; A$a"a0 $a!a $e%eri"saan ',ar -ena9a0 ter!a$at a!an(a tan!a5tan!a "e"erasan

(ang signifi"an !an !a$at !i$re!i"si !a$at %en(e)a)"an "e%atian

; A$a"a0 $a!a $e%eri"saan ',ar ter!a$at a!an(a tan!a5tan!a (ang %engara0 $a!a

"era4,nan

; A$a"a0 "&r)an %er,$a"an $asien 74&nt&0: $en(a"it -ant,ng "&r&ner8 (ang r,tin

!atang )er&)at "e te%$at $ra"te" ata, $&'i"'ini" !i r,%a0 sa"it

; A$a"a0 "&r)an %e%$,n(ai $en(a"it "r&nis teta$i ),"an %er,$a"an $en(a"it

tersering $en(e)a) natural sudden death

A!an(a "e4,rigaan ata, "e4en!er,ngan $a!a "e%atian (ang ti!a" a-ar )er!asar"an "riteria

terse),t %a"a !&"ter (ang )ersang",tan 0ar,s %e'a$&r"an "e%atian terse),t "e$a!a

$en(i!i" 7$&'isi8 !an ti!a" %enge',ar"an s,rat "e%atian.

2., Aut$"si

A,t&$si a!a'a0 $e%eri"saan ter0a!a$ t,),0 %a(at (ang %e'i$,ti $e%eri"saan ter0a!a$

)agian ',ar %a,$,n !a'a% !engan t,-,an %ene%,"an $r&ses $en(a"it !an ata, a!an(a

4e!era %e'a","an inter$retasi atas $ene%,an5$ene%,an terse),t %enerang"an $en(e)a)

"e%atian serta %en4ari 0,),ngan se)a) a"i)at antara "e'ainan5"e'ainan (ang !ite%,"an

!engan $en(e)a) "e%atian. Be)era$a "&n!isi (ang %en!,",ng ,nt," !i'a","ann(a a,t&$si

$a!a "as,s %ati %en!a!a" (ait,:

; Ji"a -ena9a0 !ite%,"an !a'a% "ea!aaan (ang %en4,riga"an se$erti !ite%,"an

a!an(a tan!a "e"erasan. Ka!ang "e%atian %en!a!a" (ang !ise)a)"an $en(a"it !a$at

!i$a4, &'e0 a!an(a "e"erasan (ang !isenga-a tan$a %eningga'"an tan!a $a!a t,),0"&r)an. U%,r "&r)an -,ga %e%egang $eranan $enting !a'a% %enent,"an a$a"a0

"&r)an $er', !i'a","an a,t&$si ata, ti!a". ati %en!a!a" -arang ter-a!i $a!a ,sia

%,!a -a!i "e4,rigaan a!an(a ,ns,r "ri%ina' $er', 'e)i0 !i$er0ati"an !i)an!ing $a!a

&rang t,a.

; A,t&$si !i'a","an atas $er%intaan "e',arga (ang ingin %engeta0,i se)a) "e%atian

"&r)an.

; A,t&$si !i'a","an ,nt," "e$entingan as,ransi.

Ke%atian %en!a!a" (ang ti!a" %en!atang"an "e4,rigaan $a!a $rinsi$n(a ti!a" $er',!i'a","an a,t&$si. Bar, -i"a $en(i!i" %erasa a!a "e4,rigaan ata, ti!a" %a%$, ,nt,"

15


16/16

%enent,"an a!an(a "e4,rigaan %ati ti!a" a-ar %a"a !&"ter se)et,'n(a %,t'a"

,nt," %e'a","an $e%eri"saan !i te%$at "e-a!ian (ang se)enarn(a. Pa!a a,t&$si

"as,s (ang !i!,ga "e%atian %en!a!a" 0a%$ir se'a', $e%eri"saan t&"si"&'&gi 0ar,s

!i'a","an. Tan$a $e%eri"saan t&"si"&'&gi $enega"an se)a) %ati %en-a!i ",rang

ta-a%.

BAB III: KESIMPULAN

Ke%atian %en!a!a" !a'a% as$e" f&rensi" se'a', !iangga$ ti!a" a-ar sa%$ai !i),"ti"an

%er,$a"an "e%atian a-ar. Unt," %enent,"an se)a) "e%atian $er', !i'a","an a,t&$si (ang

!i'eng"a$i !engan $e%eri"saan $en,n-ang.

DA*TA- PUSTAKA

1; A)!,% ,nGi%. Ke%atian en!a!a". Da'a%: Pe!&%an I'%, Ke!&"teran F&rensi".

E!isi Perta%a. Binar,$a A"sara< Ha' 2@513.

2; I'%, Ke!&"teran F&rensi"3; S0e$0er! R. Si%$s&nGs F&rensi4 e!i4ine. 12t0 E!. L&n!&n: St Ce&rgeGs e!i4a' an!

Denta' S40&&' 2@@3. Ha' 12@52

16

239403521 referat sudden death forensik

Documents