24.3 Road to Secession

MAIN IDEADisagreements over slavery and the election of Abraham Lincoln led to the secession of Southern states.

WHY IT MATTERS NOW

The Civil War will become the United States’ bloodiest war.

Standards• 8.9.1 Describe the abolitionist movement leaders

(John Brown and armed resistance).• 8.9.5 Students analyze the significance of the

States’ Rights Doctrine, the Missouri Compromise (1820), the Wilmot Proviso (1846), the Compromise of 1850, Henry Clay’s role in the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850, the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision (1857), and Lincoln-Douglas debates.

• 8.10.4 Discuss Abraham Lincoln’s presidency and his significant writing and speeches and their relationship to the Declaration of Independence, such as his “House Divided” speech (1858).

Daily Guided Questions

1. What was the ultimate decision of the Dred Scott case?

2. How did Douglas and Lincoln differ on the issue of slavery?

3. Why did the election of Abraham Lincoln spark the secession of southern states?

New Republican Party

• Anti-slavery party made up of Northern Whigs, Democrats, and Free-Soil members.

• Grow in political power.• Almost won 1856 election.-John C. Fremont wins 11/16 free states.

Dred Scott v. Sandford Case• Dred Scott, slave that lived in free terr. with

his master.-Claimed to be free due to the Northwest Ordinance and Missouri Compromise.• 1857, Roger B. Taney (Chief Justice) says Scott

was not free.-A.A. not citizen.-Slaves are property, property rights are protected throughout the country.

Dred Scott Roger B. Taney

Daily Guided Question

What was the ultimate decision of the Dred Scott case?Keep in mind these questions also:Why did he say he was free?What laws did he said did this?• Discuss the question for a couple of minutes

and formulate an answer with your elbow partner.

The Lincoln-Douglas Debates

• 1858, Illinois Senate race between Stephen Douglas (author of Kansas-Nebraska Act) and Republican Abraham Lincoln.

-Debates announced.• Douglas believes in popular

sovereignty.-Calls Lincoln an abolitionist.

House Divided

• Lincoln says that “A house divided cannot stand.”-Bring an end to sectionalism.-Stop the spread of slavery, but not an end.• Lincoln lost the election.

Primary Source Analysis pg. 635

• Read the primary source, “Abraham Lincoln and Douglas, Debate at Alton, Illinois.”

• Read everything on the page from the Background, Vocabulary Builder, and then the primary source.

• Answer the questions in complete sentences.

Daily Guide Question

How did Douglas and Lincoln differ on the issue of slavery?Keep in mind these questions also:What policy did Douglas believe should be use to decide the slavery issue?Did Lincoln want to abolish slavery? • Discuss the question for a couple of minutes

and formulate an answer with your elbow partner.

John Brown’s Raid• 1859, lead an attack on

federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, Va.

-Wanted to arm and lead slave rebellion.-Failed and hanged for treason. • Hero to the North,

terrorist in the South.

Election of 1860• Republicans choose Abraham Lincoln.• Democrats split due to the issue of slavery.-N. Democrats choose Stephen Douglas.-S. Democrats choose VP John Breckinridge.• Southerners who wanted to save the

Union create the Constitutional Union Party.

-Choose John Bell.

Southern States Secede• With Lincoln’s win, southern states

believe that they will not have a voice in government.• South Carolina is the first state to

secede.-Sends declaration dissolving union.

Daily Guided Question

Why did the election of Abraham Lincoln spark the secession of southern states?

Discuss the question for a couple of minutes and formulate an answer with your elbow partner.

Confederate States of America, CSA• Following South Carolina’s example, six

more states secede from the Union.-Many do not want to, but support southern way of life.• Leaders met to create:-Government.-Constitution.-Elect president, Jefferson Davis.

Davis

Lincoln’s 1st Inaugural Address

• Assured southern states he wouldn’t interfere with slavery “where it already exist.”

• War was on the hands of the southern states.

-South begins to take over gov. buildings.

Primary Source Analysis

• Analyze Lincoln’s First Inaugural Address.• Answer the questions at the end of

the reading in complete sentences.

Fort Sumter, SC.

• Cut off since Dec. 1860.• Lincoln doesn’t want to give it up.-Doesn’t want to send troops.• Fired upon and surrendered on April

12, 1861.-Start of a civil war.

Study Guide pg. 168

• Copy and complete the study guide on pg. 168• Use notes or textbook pages 373-

377, to complete study guide.