26.2 Emancipation Proclamation

Main Idea

In 1863, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which helped to change the war’s course.

Why It Matters Now

The Emancipation Proclamation was an important step in ending slavery in the United States.

CA. Standards

• 8.10.4 Importance of Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation, 1863.

• 8.10.5 Study A.A. soldiers and regiments.

• 8.10.7 How did the war affect soldiers, civilians, the environment, and future warfare.

Daily Guided Questions

1. Why did Lincoln take so long to free slaves and then only in the rebelling southern states?

2. In what ways was the Emancipation Proclamation limited?

3. In what ways did the Emancipation Proclamation change the Civil War and harmed the South?

Emancipation Proclamation

• Abolitionists insist on freeing all slaves.• Lincoln’s worried the Border States

would secede.- “If I could save the union without freeing

any slave, I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it…”

• January 1, 1863, freed all slaves in states fighting the Union.

Effects

• Changed the Civil War into a struggle for moral right of freedom.

-Stop Britain from supporting the CSA.

-Wouldn’t support a government trying to keep people enslaved.

• United A.A. to support the war.

-Allowed them to join the military.

Volunteering for War• 189,000 joined the armed forces.• Over half were escaped or freed slaves.• If captured by the South, they were

sentenced to death or sent back to slavery.

• Army was segregated, Navy wasn’t.• Engaged in over 40 major battles and

hundreds of minor ones.• Worked as cooks, wagon drivers, and

hospital aids.

54th Massachusetts

• Most famous A.A. regiment.

-Two of Fredrick Douglass sons joined.

• July 18, 1863, lead an assault on Ft. Wagner, SC.

-Loss half of its men.

Resisting Slavery

• Provided military aid and information.

• Worked slowly or sabotaged farm equipment.

• While slaveholders were off fighting, slaves refused to work.

Emancipation Proclamation P.S.

• Read the primary sources and answer the questions about them.

• Complete the chart and answer the essential question in the conclusion section in the TEES format , “Did Lincoln free the slaves or did the slaves free themselves.”

Primary Source pg. 637

• Read the primary source on page 637 and answer questions based on a primary source, James Henry Gooding, Letters From an African American Soldier.

War Affects America

Main Idea

The Civil War caused social, economic, and political changes in the North and the South.

Why It Matters Now

Some changes, like the growth of industry, affected Americans long after the end of the Civil War.

CA. Standards

•8.10.2 Differences between North and South.

•8.10.5 Study the lives of soldiers.

•8.10.7 Explain how the war affected everyone involved.

Daily Guided Questions

1. Why were the draft laws necessary and how did they differ in the North and South and how did citizens protest to them?

2. How did the Civil War affect the economy of both the North and South?

3. In what ways did Northerners and Southerners protest the war?

Divisions in the South• Strongest in GA. and NC.

-Half in GA. didn’t support secession.

-100 protests in NC. in 1863 alone.

-2nd in sending troop to fight.

• Poor regions of the South didn’t support the war.

-Less slaveholders.

• Didn’t want officers from other states to lead their men.

Divisions in the North

• Many opposed the Emancipation Proclamation.

• South had a right to secede due to state’s rights.

-Blame Lincoln and Republicans.• Copperheads (Northern Democrats) who

opposed the war.-Demanded peace talks with the CSA.-Support in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois.

Dealing with Disruptions

• On both sides.

• Desertion, going AWOL (leaving the army).

• Helping POWs escape.

• War protests.

• Suspended Habeas Corpus, constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment.

-Over 13,000 were held without trial.

Draft Laws

• Conscription or draft, a system of required military service.

• April 1862, CSA requires all males 18-35yo, changed to 17-50yo.

• Except those who owned 20+ slaves.

Cont.

• 1863, Union requires males 20-45yo to fight.

• You can pay $300 to get out.

-Could send substitutes.

• Draft riots, July 1863.

• New York City, mobs attacked A.A. and the wealthy, over 100 people killed.

Economic Strains• In the North.

• Industries boomed at first.

-Draft takes away workers creating shortages of goods.

• Congress creates income tax.

-Tax on people’s wages.

• Printed greenbacks, paper money.

-Created inflation, general rise in prices.

-Prices rose about 80%.

Cont.• In the South.

• Naval blockade prevented selling of cotton overseas.

• Greater inflation.

• Up to 3000%-9000%.

• Food shortages led to food riots.

• Slaves suffered more.

Response to Letter• Exchange letter with your partner and

respond to the letter.

-If your partner didn’t write a letter don’t worry, continue to write to them (many didn’t receive letters due to many reasons).

• Use what you learned today to have something to write about.

• 100 words, date this letter 1863.

Study Guide pg. 185

•Copy down and complete the study guide on pg. 185 using textbook pg. 407-411.