2nd ses_non-verbal communication
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NON VERBAL
Communication
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Nonverbal communication is the interpersonal process of sending and receiving information both intentionally and unintentionally, without using written or spoken language.
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After studying this topic onNVC, you should be able to:
Explain the importance of nonverbal messages
Identify different types of nonverbal messages and discuss their impact on the communication process
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ComplementsComplements
Verbal LanguageVerbal Language
Reveals the TruthReveals the Truth
Conveys InformationConveys Information
EfficientlyEfficiently
Nonverbal Communication
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Characteristics of Nonverbal Messages
The sender may be unaware a nonverbal message is being sent
Nonverbal messages are usually unplanned
Nonverbal messages may be more reliable than written or oral messages
Nonverbal communication is always present
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Personal AppearancePersonal AppearanceGrooming, clothing,Grooming, clothing,
accessoriesaccessories
TactilicsTouching BehaviorTouching BehaviorConveys warmth, comfort,Conveys warmth, comfort,
ReassuranceReassurance
When in doubt, When in doubt, Don’t TouchDon’t Touch
Proxemics & Proxemics &
Chronemics
Space & TimeSpace & Time Can also convey authority, dominance, intimacy, Can also convey authority, dominance, intimacy,
Showing respect by being on time or otherwiseShowing respect by being on time or otherwise
Occulesics FacialFacial
ExpressionsExpressionsShow attention & interest,Show attention & interest,
influencing others, influencing others,
regulating interaction, etc.regulating interaction, etc.
Kinesics
Gestures & PosturesGestures & PosturesConfident, nervous, friendly,Confident, nervous, friendly,
hostile, assertive, hostile, assertive,
passive, powerful, etc.passive, powerful, etc.
VocalVocal
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsTone of voice, volume, Tone of voice, volume,
stressing various words, stressing various words,
accent, etc.accent, etc.
Recognizing Nonverbal Communication
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Kinesics:
Different ways in which people move their bodies that include postures, gestures, head nods, leg movements are kinesics.
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Occulesics: This is the science of the movement /
grammar of our eyes and of facialexpressions
Open – book vs. poker - faceIt is claimed that in the science of bodylanguage, there are 7,50,000 signals, ofwhich 15,000 come from the face alone –Richard Denny
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Proxemics: The cultural Iceberg The science of Space
Violation of spaces, whether personal, social or public can create a wrong impression and lost business opportunities
In multicultural groups, one needs to quietly observe the accepted proxemics of different groups & interact accordingly
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Proxemics:
The language of space is also reflected in the way meetings are arranged
Modern offices project open communication, harmony with environment, etc.
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Chronemics:
The concept of time and its impact on people is the science of Chronemics. This is also culture-bound.
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Tactilics:
The science of touch language.
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To be a better speaker and listener, pay closer attention to nonverbal cues in every situation:
Be aware of the cues you send when you’re talking
Be aware of the cues you send when you’re not talking (through clothing, posture, and so on)
Be aware of the cues you receive when you’re listening
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Note facial expressionsNote facial expressionsWatch gestures and posturesWatch gestures and posturesListen for vocal characteristicsListen for vocal characteristicsRecognize physical appearanceRecognize physical appearanceBe careful with physical contactBe careful with physical contactObserve use of time and spaceObserve use of time and space
Maximizing Nonverbal Communication
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Personal appearance matters :
Matching your style of dress to what people wear where you work
Paying close attention to cleanliness
Following company policy regarding hairstyle
Smiling genuinely at appropriate times
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Be observant in noticing the NVC, but don’t start assuming that you can“read someone like a book”.
NVC are powerful but are not infallible
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When meeting people, learn about their cultural customs beforehand
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Interpersonal CommunicationOral Communication
Advantages: Speed and feedbackDisadvantage: Distortion of the message
Written CommunicationAdvantages: Tangible and verifiableDisadvantages: Time-consuming and lacks
feedbackNonverbal Communication
Advantages: Supports other communications and provides observable expression of emotions and feelings
Disadvantage: Misperception of body language or gestures can influence receiver’s interpretation of message
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Barriers to Effective ListeningPhysical distractionsMental distractionsHealth concernsNonverbal distractionsInappropriate timingIneffective speech characteristics
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Importance of Nonverbal Messages
The sender may be unaware a nonverbal message is being sent.
Nonverbal messages are usually unplanned.Nonverbal messages may be more reliable
than written or oral messages.Nonverbal communication is always present.
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Nonverbal Communication Considerations
Physical appearanceWritten messageThe sender
Body languageSpace
Size of an areaProximity to anotherObstacles
TimeAmount of time spentPunctuality
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Listening and Nonverbal Messages
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Distinguish between hearing and listening.
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Hearing and ListeningHearing is a physiological process and a
passive activity.Listening is a mental process and involves
understanding and retaining the message.
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5 Elements of the Listening ProcessHearingFilteringInterpretingRespondingRemembering
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Guidelines for Effective ListeningConcentrate on the message.Determine the purpose of the message.Keep an open mind.Provide feedback.Minimize note taking.Analyze the total message.Do not talk or interrupt.
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Barriers to Effective ListeningPhysical distractionsMental distractionsHealth concernsNonverbal distractionsInappropriate timingIneffective speech characteristics
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Importance of Nonverbal Messages
The sender may be unaware a nonverbal message is being sent.
Nonverbal messages are usually unplanned.Nonverbal messages may be more reliable
than written or oral messages.Nonverbal communication is always present.
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Nonverbal Communication Considerations
Physical appearanceWritten messageThe sender
Body languageSpace
Size of an areaProximity to anotherObstacles
TimeAmount of time spentPunctuality