3 observing

7/27/2019 3 Observing

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OBSERVING

PISMP SAINS

Amb. Jan. 2011

Oleh,

Sylvester Saimon Simin/

Junaidi @ Patrick Bin Jair

Jab. Sains & Matematik

IPG Kampus Keningau, Sabah


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SSS, JSM, MPKS 2

WHAT?

Most basic skill in science Essential to the development of other

science process skills

We observe objects, substances or eventsthrough our five senses: sight, smell,

touch, taste and hearing

To observe an object or substance is toexplore all of its properties color, texture,

odor, shape, weight, volume, temperature,

sound


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SSS, JSM, MPKS 3

OBSERVING USES SENSES

OBSERVING

SMELLING

It smells .(odor)

It smells like ..

SEEING

It looks .(color, size, shape, measurements)

It looks like ..

TASTING

It tastes .

It tastes like ..

HEARING

It sounds .

It sounds like ..

TOUCHING

It feels .(texture, temperature, pressure)

It feels like ..


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SSS, JSM, MPKS 4

TYPES OF OBSERVATIONS

QUALITATIVE OBSERVATIONS Uses only senses to obtain information

Eg:

It is light green in colour. (sight)

It has a pungent odor. (smell)

It tastes sour. (taste)

Its leaves are waxy and smooth. (touch)

It makes a rustling sound when lightly rubbed.(hearing)


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SSS, JSM, MPKS 5

TYPES OF OBSERVATIONS

QUANTITATIVE OBSERVATIONS Observations that involve number or quantity

Include a reference to some standard unit of measure

Made with instruments such as rulers, balances,graduated cylinders give us specific and precise

information. Approximation and comparisons are notas precise but are also quantitative observations.

Eg: One leaf is 10 cm long and 6 cm wide. (metric rule)

The mass of one leaf is 5g. (balance) The temperature of the room in which it grows is 22C.(thermometer)

The plants leaves are clustered in groups of five.

This plant is larger than that plant.

Each flower is as wide as 3 paper clips placed end to end.


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SSS, JSM, MPKS 6

OBSERVING CHANGES

In observing objects or phenomena thatundergo physical or chemical changes,

observations will be eitherqualitative or

quantitative.

In describing a change it is important to

include statements of observation made

before, during and afterthe change occurs


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SSS, JSM, MPKS 7

ACTIVITY BURNING CANDLE

Describe at least 7 (4 qualitative and 3quantitative) obsevations before the

change, 3 general statements about the

changes as you observe them occuring,

and 5 observations (4 qualitative and 1

quantitative) after the change has taken

place.

Record your observations in the tablebelow.


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SSS, JSM, MPKS 8


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SSS, JSM, MPKS 9


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SSS, JSM, MPKS 10


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WHAT I OBSERVED

QUALITATIVE OBSERVATIONS QUANTITATIVE OBSERVATIONS

Before

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

1.

2.

3.

During

1.

2.

3.

After

1.

2.

3.

1.



SELF CHECK

QUALITATIVE OBSERVATIONS QUANTITATIVE OBSERVATIONS

Before

1. Color: white

2. Slight odor3. Undetectable taste

4. Cylindrical shape

5. One end flat, other end cone shaped

6. From cone extends a tuft of white, fuzzy, fibrous, soft material

composed of strands

7. Each strand is cylindrical and irregularly coiled

1. Mass: 2 g

2. 5 cm long

3. 1 cm diameter4. Each strand is 0.5 mm in diameter

5. Coil of strands is 1 mm in diameter

6. Coil extends 5 mm above tip of cone

During

1. Fibrous strand turn black

2. Flame is elliptical in shape

3. Flame flickers in slight wind

4. Upper part of flame is bright yellow, lower part of flame is dull

yellow with a blue margin

5. A puddle of liquid forms in place of the cone

6. Liquid material drips down side of candle; some solidifies on acooler part of the candle, some drips to the table top.

After

1. Color: white

2. Solid irregular in shape

3. Small portion of fibrous strands protrudes from wax

4. Exposed part of fibrous strands is black

1. Mass: 1 g

2. Height of wax at highest point: 3 mm

3. Distance across wax at the widest

point: 1.5 cm


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Petunjuk Memerhati (PPK, 1994)

Menggunakan pelbagai deria dengan berkesan

Mengenal butiran yang relevan mengenai sesuatu objek dan

sekitarannya

Memberi tumpuan yang lebih ke atas butiran relevan yang terkandung

di dalam maklumat yang banyak.

Mengenal persamaan dan perbezaanMengenal ciri-ciri yang ganjil atau yang mempunyai kelainan

Menyedari perubahan di dalam persekitaran

Mengenal pasti tertiban kejadian yang berlaku

Menggunakan alat bagi membantu deria untuk membuat kajianterperinci.

SSS, JSM, MPKS 13


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Contoh Aktiviti

SSS, JSM, MPKS 14

1. Pemerhatian terhadap gula-gula

2. Pemerhatian terhadap campurantepung.


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Aplikasi Kemahiran Memerhati

SSS, JSM, MPKS 15

Sains Tahun: 4

Bidang Kajian: Menyiasat Alam Fizikal

Ob. Umum: 6. Mengetahui sifat magnetOb. Khusus: 6.1 Memperihal tarikan

magnet ke atas sesetengah bahan


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3 observing

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