,4jNiTtTR Tt£rb`OV TAKN W i , ;UN221T4 IATHC E

.S E l 1J.. t :.2 .-/

VOL. XXV No. 2+

JUNE

'COMPOUND E'

CRCHN'S DISEASE

CROHN'S DISEASE: A REVIEW

CLINICAL VALUE OF X-RAY PELVIMETRY

MODERN TREATMENT OF INFECTIONS OF THE HAND

RESULTS OF PARTIAL GASTRECTOMY

Puillshed iy1* WS H I 01 OF~-0110S;T G it A * U A T E "-t3 E;0# Ct:;trei:

THE

POST GRADUATEMEDICAL JOURNALVOLUME XXV NUMBER 284 JUNE 1949

CONTENTSPAGE

EDITORIAL Professor Geoffrey Hadfield 235ANNOTATION: 'COMPOUND E' G. R. Fearnley, M.D., M.R.C.P. 236CROHN'S DISEASE Professor T. L. Hardy, M.D., F.R.C.P. 239

CROHN'S DISEASE: A REVIEW E. E. T. Taylor, M.Ch., F.R.C.S. 245

CIINICAI, VALUE OF X-RAY PELVIMETRY Humphrey G. E. Arthure, M.D.,M.R.C.O.G., F.R.C.S. 255

MODERN TREATMENT OF INFECTIONS R. P. Jepson, F.R.C.S., and H. Bolton,OF THE HAND F.R.C.S. 261

RESULTS OF PARTIAL GASTRECTOMY J. Cosbie Ross, Ch.M., F.R.C.S., andAnthony Walsh, M.A., M.B., F.R.C.S. 269

POST GRADUATE NEWS 273

All rights reserved. No part of this journal may be reproducedin any form without permission in writing from the publishers.

EDITOR:Andrew Monro, M.A., M.D., F.R.C.S.

ADVISORY EDITORIAL BOARD:Maurice Davidson, M.A., D.M., F.R.C.P.

Charles Read, F.R.C.S., F.R.C.O.G. A; Clifford Morson, O.B.E., F.R.C.S.David Levi, M.S., F.R.C.S. K. I. Nissen, F.R.C.S.Harold Davis, M.B., M.R.C.P. R. S. Bruce Pearson, D.M., F.R.C.P.Colin Edwards, M.B., M.R.C.P. N. Lloyd Rusby, D.M., F.R.C.P.Terence Millin, M.Ch., F.R.C.S. Sol. M. Cohen, M.A., F.R.C.S.

PUBLISHERS'The Fellowship of Post Graduate Medicine, I, Winepole Street, London, W.I.

BUSINESS MANAGER:R. H. Blythe, 24, Margaret Street, London, W.I. LANgham 4526.

244

THE TWELFTH BRITISH CONGRESS OFOBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY

After a lapse of ten years the Twelfth British Congress of Obstetrics and Gynaecology is being heldunder the presidency of Sir Eardley Holland, at the Friends House, Euston Road, London, N.W.I, fromJuly 6th to 8th, i949. The following programme has been arranged:

WEDNESDAY, JULY 6th, 1949Morning Session, 16 a.m.Chairman: The President, Sir Eardley Holland

(London).The Congress will be declared open by the Minister

of Health.'MODERN CAESAREAN SECTION'

Introduced by :Mr. McIntosh Marshall (Liverpool).

Openers of Discussion ?i. Dr. Ninian Falkiner (Dublin).2. Mr. A. W. Purdie (London).

Invited Speakers:I. Mr. Frank Stabler (Newcastle).2. Dr. J. Kevin Feeney (Dublin).

Afternoon Session, 2 p.m.Chairman: Professor Hilda Lloyd (Birmingham).(I) GUEST PAPER (' ENDOMETRIOSIS ')-Dr. Joe V.

Meigs (Boston, Mass.).(2) 'THE METHODS OF ASSAY AND CLINICAL

SIGNIFICANCE OF PREGNANEDIOL IN THE URINE'Introduced by:

I. Professor G. F. Marrian (Edinburgh).2. Dr. G. I. M. Swver (London).

Openers of Discussion:i. Dr. A. S. Paykes (London).2. Dr. Claude Becl1re (Paris).3. Dr. S. Bender (Liverpool).

Invited Speakers :i. Dr. Ren6 Moricard (Paris).2. Dr. P. M. F. Bishop (London).3. Dr. A. C. Crooke (Birmingham).

THURSDAY, JULY 7th, 1949'9 a.m. Meeting of the Central Committee of the

Congress.9.30 a.m. General Business Meeting of the Congress.Morning Session, 10 a.m.Chairman: Mr. Sidney B. Herd (Liverpool).'ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANCY'

Introduced by:I. Professor George W. Pickering (London)..2. Professor F. J. Browne (London).

Openers of Discussion:I. Mr. G. F. Gibberd (London).2. Mr. A. Dickson Wright (London).

Invited Speaker:Professor R. J. Kellar (Edinburgh).

Afternoon Session, 2 p.m.Chairman: Dr. John Hewitt (Glasgow).

(i) 'THE MANAGEMENT OF PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS'Introduced by :

I. Mr. John Peel (London).2. Dr. W. G. Oakley (London).

Opener for DiscussionDr. G. Douglas Matthew (Edinburgh).(2) 'HERNIA OF THE POUCH OF DOUGLAS'

Introduced by :Mr. Charles D. Read (London).

Openers of Discussion:I. Mr. A. A. Gemmell (Liverpool).z. Mr. Alex C. Palmer (London).

'Invited Speaker :Mr. G. M. Gwillim (London).

FRIDAY, .JULY 8th, 1949

Morning Session, 9.30 p.m.Chairman: Professor O'Donel T. D. Brow-ne

(Dublin).'MODERN CONCEPTS IN DIAGNOSIS, PROGNOSIS AND

TREATMENT OF CARCINOMA OF THE UTERUS'(I) 'The Diagnosis of Uterine Cancer by Cytology,'

Dr. J. Ernest Ayre (Montreal).(2) ' Pre-Cancerous Changes. in the Cervix,' Professor

Gilbert I. Strachan (Cardiff).(3) 'Prognosis based on Biopsies,' Dr. A. Glucks-

mann (Cambridge).(4) 'Partial and Complete Pelvic Exenteration for

Uncontrolled Uterine Cancer. A PreliminaryReport,' Dr. Alexander Brunschwig (NewYork).

(5) Surgical Treatment of Carcinoma of the Cervix,'Dr. Joe V. Meigs (Boston, Mass.).

A General Discussion will follow, to be opened byMr. Victor Bonney (London), and continued byProfessor Subodh Mitra (Calcutta) and others.Afternoon Session, 2 p.m.

Chairman: Dr. E. Chalmers Fahmy (Edinburgh).DISCUSSION ONON MATERNAL MORTALITY

Introduced by :Sir William Gilliatt (London).

Openers of Discussion :I. Professor Hilda Lloyd (Birmingham).2. Dr. Percy Stocks (London).3. Professor Duguld Baird (Aberdeen).

Invited Speakers :I. Sir Eardley Holland (London).2. Mr. G. W. Theobald (Bradford).3. Dr. H. R. LacLennan (Glasgow).

273

POST GRADUATE NEWSJune 1949

The information contained in this section is published by courtesy of theorganizations concerned and no responsibility for any changes of detailor omissions can be accepted by the publishers. In all cases, applicationsfor enrolment orfurther information should be made direct to the sponsorsof the course.

FELLOWSHIP OF POST GRADUATEMEDICINEGeriatrics. June ixth and z2th. All day Saturdayand Sunday. St. John's Hospital, Battersea, S.W.II.Limited. Fee, £2 2S. od.

Proctology. June zoth to 25th. Gordon Hospital.Limited. Fee, £4 4s. od.Please note that instruction arranged by the Fellowshipof Post Graduate Medicine is open only to Members(annual subscription, from month of joining, Ios. 6d.). Inthe case of ' limited' courses no entries are accepted inadvance of the detailed syllabuses being published andcirculated; post graduates (whether Members are not) arenot automatically included in the mailing lists, but mustnotify the Fellowship of Post Graduate, Medicine, I,Wimpole Street, London, W.s, if they wish to be sentsyllabuses; as published, and must specify the subjects inwhich they are interested. Information regarding coursescan be obtainedfrom the Office, daily between so a.m. and5 p.m. (Saturdays 1o a.m. to I2 noon.) Telephone:Langham 4266.

ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OFENGLANDThe following lectures will be delivered at the Collegeat 5 p.m. on each day, admission free:Hunterian LectureJune28th Prof. Sir Horace Evans, K.C. V.0. Hypertension.30oth Prof. Arnold Sorsby. Streptomycin in ophthal-

mology.FACULTY OF DENTAL SURGERYAnatomy, Applied Physiology and Pathology intheir application to Dental SurgeryDemonstrations (afternoons only), July 4th to 29th(College is closed during August) and September 3rdto 3oth.Lectures (two lectures on three evenings each week),July 4th to 29th.General, Oral and Dental Surgery Lectures(two lectures on three evenings a week each), September5th to 3oth.Details of the above courses will be published later.Fellowship apd Dental Examinations. SpecialFinal Fellowship Examinations have been instituted inOphthalmology and Oto-Laryngology. A Fellowshipin Dental Surgery has also been instituted.

Conjoint Examinations. The Diplomas of L.R.C.P.,M.R.C.S., are granted jointly with the Royal College ofPhysicians, as well as Diplomas in I I specialties.Scholarships and Prizes. The College grants manyResearch Scholarships and Prizes and in certain casesmakes grants in aid of surgical research, the work beingcarried out either in the College or elsewhere.HOSTEL. Residential accommodation will soon beavailable in the College for post graduate students.Full particulars may be obtained from the Secretary, PostGraduate Education Comhnittee, Royal College ofSurgeons, Lincolns Inn Fields, W.C.2..

ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS ANDINSTITUTE. OF CHILD HEALTHSurgery of Childhood. Arrangements are beingmade for a combined course of lectures and clinicalconferences from July 4th to 8th, I949. Clinical con-ferences will be held each morning at selected Children'sHospitals, followed in the afternoon by lectures at theCollege. Further details will be announced later. Thefee will be Iz2 I2S. od. (kio Ios. od. to Fellows andMembers of the College and full-time students of theInstitute).Applica ions, accompanied by the appropriate fee, shouldbe addressed to the Secretarjy, Post Graduate EducationCommittce, Royal College of Surgeons, Lincolns InnFields, London, W.C.2, or tq the Secetary, Institute ofChild Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Great OrmondStreet, London, W.C.I.

SOCIETY OF APOTHECARIES OFLONDONDiploma of Industrial Health. The examinationsare held in July and December each year.Diploma of Mastery of Midwifery (M.M.S.A.).The examinations are held in May and November eachyear.For regulations apply to the Registrar, Society of Apothe-caries, Black Friars Lane, E.C.4.

MEDICAL SOCIETY OF LONDONJune13th 8 p.m. Exhibition of films.JulyIIth 8.30 p.m. Discussion on ' Anorexia' to be

introduced by Dr. C. E. Lakin and Dr. BernardSchlesinger.

274 POST GRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL IJune i949

Visitors are admitted on the introduction of a Fellow.For fiyrther information apply to the Registrar, MedicalSociety of London, 1 1 Chandos Street, Cavetdish Square,London, W.I.

DENTAL BOARD OF THE UNITEDKINGDOMPost Graduate Clinical Demonstrations. A furtherrevision course of four clinical meetings will take placeat the Eastman Dental Clinic, Gray's Inn Road, London,W.C.I, to demonstrate surgical cases of interest todentists, particularly to candidates readirg for higherqualifications. There will be six demonstrators, each ofwhom will provide two cases. The candidates, in groupsof four, will have an opportunity of examining each caseand will be questioned on diagnosis, pathology andtreatment.The demonstrations will take place on September 2gth,and October 6th, I3th and zoth, I949, at 2 p.m. Thefee for the course will be £4 4s. od.Arrangements can be made with the Director of theDental Post Graduate Bureau for candidates to attendsessions at Hill End Hospital, St. Albans, and at theQueen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead.Applications to attend the course, together with a remittancefor the fee, should be made to the Registrar of the DentalBoard of the United Kingdom, 44 Hallam Street, London,W.x, as soon as possible and not later than September ist,I949.

INSTITUTE OF CARDIOLOGY(National Heart Hospital) (University ofLondon)Full-time course of instruction lasting three months isavailable for Membership candidates and generalphysicians. Fee, £26 Ss. od.A limited number can be accepted for casual attendanceat Out-patient sessions only. Fee for each attendance,5s.Special short courses lasting two weeks are given atintervals. Fee, I2z Izs. od.Further details and applications for admission to thesecourses should be made to the Dean, Institute of Cacrdi-ology, National Heart Hospital, Westmoreland Street,London, W. .

INSTITUTE OF DISEASES OF THECHEST (Brompton Hospital and TheLondon Chest Hospital) (University ofLondon)The Institute of Diseases of the Chest (MedicalSchool of the Hospitals for Diseases of the Chest) issituated in the grounds of the Brompton Hospital,S.W.3. Courses of instruction in diseases of the chestincluding tuberculosis, are conducted during terms oftwelve weeks starting in January, the end of April andthe end of September. The courses consist of clinicalwork in wards and out-patient departments, lecturesand demonstrations. A whole-time programme can bearranged for a limited number of graduates, preferablythose specializing in diseases of the chest. For this thefee is at present £I5 15s. od. per term. A larger numbercan be accepted for part-time study, for which the feeis £I2 Izs. od. per term. Graduates are accepted forshorter periods only if vacancies are available;' for thisthe fee is £5 5s. od. for one month.

For further information applications should be addressedto the Dean, Institute of Diseases of the Chest, BromptonHospital, Fulham Road, S.W.3.

INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH (Uni-versity of London) (Hospital for SickChildren)The Institute of Child Health is associated withThe Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street,and the Post Graduate Medical School at Hammer-smith Hospital, and also has an arrangement with theQueen Elizabeth I1ospital for Children. In its pro-gramme, teaching on exery aspect of child health isprovided, including the Department for the new-bornand premature infant at the Post Graduate School,Maternity and Child Welfare Clinics, Nursery Homes,etc. The Institute provides tuition throughout the yearin three terms of three months' duration each, com-mencing in January, May and September, and inaddition a series of lectures by specialists and expertsin various spheres is given each term. The fees varyfrom 25 guineas for six months' attendance to 3 guineasfor a week.A course of lectures on 'Prevention of disease inchildhood' is being given at the Hospital for SickChildren, at 5 p.m. as follows:June7th Dr. A. G. Watkins. Cross infection in hospitals.14th Dr. A. M. McFarlan. Prevention of infection in

schools.21st Prof. O. M,7acdonald. Prevention of disease in the

tropics.28th Dr. Mary Sheridan. Training the child in the

prevention of disease.July5th Miss Helen Sutherland. Prevention of accidents.12th Dr. W. Moodie. Prevention of behaviour prob-

lems.9th Dr. D. H. Geffen. Public services available for

preventing disease in childhood.26th Dr. L. G. Housden. Part of the parents in pre-

vention of disease in childhood.Number of tickets is limited.Applications should be made to the Dean, Institute ofChild Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Great OrmondStreet, Londonr W'.C.i.

INSTITUTE OF DERMATOLOGY (St.John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin)(University of London)The Institute of Dermatology (Medical School ofSt. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin). Clinicalteaching takes place in the Out-Patient Departmenttwice daily, for which the fee varies from I guinea forone week to 15 guineas for one year. Facilities are alsoavailable for study and tuition in the pathologicallaboratory but, owing to the present restricted accom-modation, no ward instruction is yet possible.Lectures. A short course of lectures commenced inMay, and will continue during the month of June. Inaddition a series of lecture-demonstrations in Mycologywill be given during this period. The fee for lecturesin June will be C3 3s. od. and for the lecture-demon-strations £3 3s. od.

June i 949 Post Graduate News 275

SyllabusJune2nd Dr. G. B. Mlitchell-Heggs. Complications in

eczema.7th Dr. I. Muende. Pigmentary conditions of the

skin.9th Dr. J. L. Franklin. Cutaneous syphilis.14th Dr. L. Forman. Drug eruptions.21st Mr. A. K. Monro. Varicose eczema, ulceration,

etc.28th Dr. R. M. B. VlacKenna. Background of occu-

pational dermatoses.3oth Dr. H. Corsi. Acne.Mycology Lecture-DemonstrationsJuneIst Dr. Clara Warren. Microsporon infections.

I 5th Dr. Clara Warren. Trichophyton infections.21th Dr. Clara Warren. Systemic mycological

infections.Clinics. Instruction is given in the Out PatientDepartment to a limited number of post graduates.Laboratory. Arrangements can be made for classes,individual instruction or for research work.Enquiries should be made to the Dean, Institute ofDermatology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of theSkin, 5 Lisle Street, Leicester Square, London, W.C.2.

INSTITUTE OF LARYNGOLOGY ANDOTOLOGY (Royal National Throat, Noseand Ear and Golden Square Hospitals)(University of London)A comprehensive course lasting 20 weeks and designedto cover the whole field of the specialty is held -twice ayear in January and July. This consists of lectures,demonstrations and attendance on the practice of thehospital, with facilities for dissection. A special point ismade of the anatomy, physiology and pathology relatedto the subject. Advanced students may obtain additionalexperience by appointment as Out-patient Assistants.An Advanced Revision Class (Io weeks) for M.S. andF.R.C.S. students is also given twice yearly. Thecomposite fee, including enrolment as a clinical assis-tant, attendance on the hospital practice and at oneof the comprehensive courses, but excluding dissection,varies from 35 guineas for three months to 45 guineas fora year. There are lower rates for attendance on thehospital practice only.For further information applications should be addressedto the Dean, Institute of Laryngology and Oto!ogy, 330Gray's Inn Road, W.C.I.

INSTITUTE OF OBSTETRICS ANDGYNAECOLOGYIncorporating teaching facilities of Queen Charlotte'sMaternity Hospital, Chelsea Hospital for Women, andDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of PostGraduate Medical School. Applications are invitedfrom post graduates holding a registrable medicalqualification, who wish to specialize in these subjects.The Summer Term, lasting seven weeks, began onApril i9th, I949. On enrolment post graduates will beposted to one of the constituent hospitals and will alsoattend combined classes at the other two hospitals on twodays a week. This provides a wide variety of teaching

and clinical material. An enrolment fee of ,3 is chargedand a fee of £2o a term, or £35 for two terms.General practitioners wishing to obtain further ex-perience of obstetrics may be accepted at Queen Char-lotte's Hospital to attend the practice of the hospita!,for periods of two or four weeks, during which time theywill have opportunities for delivering normal cases. Inaddition they will attend the combined classes of theother two hospitals. A fee of L3 a week is chargedduring term time, for attending the practice of thehospital. Post graduates may attend the practice of thehospital at the Post Graduate Medical School and QueenCharlotte's Hospital during the vacation, when a chargeof £I a week is made. An intensive course suitable forthose preparing for higher examinations will be held atthe end of the Summer Term.Hostel accommodation is available at the Post GraduateMedical School and at a short distance from QueenCharlotte's Hospital.Applications for further information and for enrolmentforms should be. made to the Secretary, Institute ofObstetrics and Gynaecology, Chelsea Hospitalfor Women,Dovehouse Street, London, S.W.3.

INSTITUTE OF OPHTHALMOLOGY(Royal London Ophthalmic, Royal West-minster Ophthalmic, Central LondonOphthalmic Hospitals) (University ofLondon)A course of lectures and classes extending over a periodof five months, to meet the requirements of candidatesentering for the examinations for Diplomas and Degreesin Ophthalmology, will be given by members of theStaff of the Hospital and others, commencing onMarch Ist and October Ist of each year.Part I. Anatomy (including embryology and his-tology), physiology of the eye, optics (elementary andphysiological). Composition fee, Ci5 15s. od.Part II. Bacteriology, pafhology, operative surgery,ophthalmoscopic conditions, medical ophthalmology,lectures on external diseases, retina and optic nerve,motor anomalies, uveal tract, etc. Composition fee,£,26 5s. od.Students can attend the clinical practice of the Hospitaland hold the appointments of Junior Clinical Assistantsand Clinical Assistants concurrently with the abovecourse.Extra Courses. Slit Lamp Microscopy (fee,L5 5s. od.), Orthoptic Training (one week's intensivecourse, fee, £5 5s. od.), Contact Lenses (one week'sintensive course, fee, CIo Ios. od.), Advanced Coursefee, £5 5s. od. to £Io Ios. od.).For further information apply to the Academic Secretary,Institute of Ophthalmology, Judd Street, London, W.C.I.

INSTITUTE OF ORTHOPAEDICS(University of London)The Institute is concerned with post graduate educationin orthopaedics and with research. The practice of thehospital, both at the Central Hospital in Great PortlandStreet, and at the Country Hospital at Stanmore, is opento post graduates, who may attend for various periods.In addition to hospital practice, formal courses of variouslengths are held during academic terms. Selectedstudents have opportunities of taking an active part inthe work of the Institute and Hospital and of spending

276 POST GRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL June Ix949ii; the Institute up to two years of their training; a highstandard is demanded and they should have previoussurgical training, experience or qualification, or previousanatomical, physiological or pathological experience.A systematic course in orthopaedics is held annuallyfrom October to March. This is a comprehensivecourse including the full practice of the Town andCountry Hospitals and over I 50 demonstrations andlectures. The 'practice of the hospital ' is open topost graduates who can join at any time. Facilities foradvanced clinical work are available for selected can-didates having a suitable scientific or surgical training.Further particulars may be obtained from the Dean,Institute of Orthopaedics, Royal National OrthopaedicHospital, 234 Great Portland Street, W.r.

INSTITUTE OF PSYCHIATRY(University of London)The Institute, which is part of the British Post GraduateMedical Federation, was formerly the Maudsley HospitalMedical School. Since July 5th, 1948, it has also beenassociated with the Bethlem Royal Hospital.It is concerned with post graduate education inpsychiatry and allied subjects, and with research. Acourse of instruction covering.two to two and a halfyears, and starting in October yearly, has been plannedto prepare medical practitioners for the Diploma inPsychological Medicine. Clinical instruction, which in-cludes case conferences, seminars, and practical ex-perience in case taking, is given at associated hospitals inthe mornings, and systematic lectures and demonstra-tions are arranged for the afternoons. Students mayalso enrol for shorter periods or for separate lectureseries.The subjects covered include general and childpsychiatry, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, electro-physiology with special reference to the clinical applica-tions of the electroencephal.gram, neuropathology, bio-chemistry, psychology, principles of psychotherapy,forensic psychiatry, criminology, mental testing, andstatistics. Lectures on subjects of special interest arearranged from time to time. The tuition fee for a fullyear's course is £52 Ios. od., or pro rata for shorterperiods.Selected students are eligible for appointments onthe staff of the Joint Hospital.Facilities for research and supervision of study forhigher degrees also exist in clinical work and in thebiochemical, electrophysiological, neuropathological andpsychological laboratories.Further information may be obtained from the Dean,Institute of Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, DenmarkHill, London, S.E.5.

INSTITUTE OF UROLOGY (St. Peter'sand St. Paul's Hospitals) (University ofLondon)A long Course will be held from September 20oth toDecember 22fid. Instruction includes systematiclectures, out-patient sessions, ward visits, operationsessions and tutorial demonstrations. All post gradu-ates attending a course are expected to attend lectures,and may attend all the tutorial demonstrations. Theywill be allotted individually to certain out-patientsessions, ward visits and operation sessions. Fee,

Ix8 I8s. od.

Venereology. A course of four months duration willbe held from September Ist to December I5th.Applications should be addressed to the Secretary, St.Peter's Hospitalfor Stone, Henrietta Street, W.C.z.

LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE ANDTROPICAL MEDICINE (University ofLondon)Course of study for the University of LondonCertificate and Diploma in Public Health. Thecourse is designed for qualified medical practitioners aridis intended primarily to prepare them for the AcademicPost Graduate Certificate and Diploma in Public Healthof the University of London. The preliminary part isintended to meet the needs of registered medicalpractitioners who intend to devote themselves to anybranch of Public Health work, and the full course isintended to provide more advanced instruction forthose practitioners who wish to qualify themselves forappointments in which they are required by law to holdregistered Diplomas or Degrees in Public Health (orState Medicine). The preliminary course lasts threemonths, and the complete course covers one academicyear of nine months, and tuition begins at the end ofSeptember in each year. The tuition fee for the coursefor the Certificate in Public Health is z2x, and for thefull course is ,56 I4s. od. (both payable at the time ofenrolment). These fees include payments in respect ofwork in a public health department, instruction in in-fectious diseases and hospital administration, and certainvisits. They do not include University registrationand examination fees. The registration fee, payable tothe University by students who have not previouslymatriculated in the University of London, is £3 3s. od.Application for admission to the course should be madeto the Registrar of the School. Applications fromnationals from Pakistan and India should be madethrough the offices of their respective High Commis-sioners in London. Part-time students are not at presentadmitted to the course. The detailed regulations,governed by the Rules of the General Medical Council,are issued by the University of London.Course of study for the Diploma in TropicalMedicine and Hygiene (England). The course isintended primarily to prepare qualified medicalpractitioners for the examination of the Conjoint Boardfor the Diploma in Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.The course is open to any qualified medical practitioner,but those not holding a medical qualification registrablein England should consult the Secretary of the Con-joint Board, 8, Queen Square, London, W.C.I, re-garding their admissibility to the examination for theDiploma. The course is a continuous one of five monthsduration, preparing for a single examination by theConjoint Board. The tuition fee for the whole courseis /.40, but it does not include the examination feepayable to the Conjoint Board.Application for admission to the course should be madeto the Registrar of the School. Students from overseasare advised to make application as early as possible inorder that they may be assured before sailing that thereis a place available. Applications from nationals fromPakistan and India should be made through the officesof their respective High Commissioners in London.Course of study for the Academic Diploma inBacteriology. This course is designed to preparecandidates for the Academic Post Graduate Diploma inBacteriology of the University of London. The courseis open to graduates in medicine, science and pharmacy

June 1949 Post Graduate News 277

of the London or another approved University, whoseprevious training has, in the opinion of the LondonUniversity fitted them to profit by the course; reg-istered medical practitioners and other students who,though not graduates, have obtained a qualification andundergone a previous training which, in the opinion ofthe London University, has fitted them to profit bythe course. The course begins about the first week inOctober in each year and lasts one academic year ofnine months. The examination for the Diploma isheld once in each year beginning on the Thursdayfollowing the third Monday in June. The compositefee for the course is £56 14s. od.; this includes tuition,hire of microscope, and the provision of a clean gownand towel each week. The examination fee is C5 5s. od.The registration fee, payable to the University bystudents who have not previously matriculated in theUniversity of London, is £3 3s. od.

Applications for admission to the course should be sub-mitted to the Registrar of the School, and should beaccompanied by a statement of the candidate's pastexperience, and of the particular branch of bacteriologythat he intends to take up in the future. A list ofpublications, if any, should also be included. It isimportant to know whether the candidate is going to takeup bacteriology as a whole-time career. The number ofplaces is strictly limited. Applications for admissionshould be received by the end of March; candidateswill be informed by the end of April whether or notthey can be admitted.Applicants who are interested in hospital pathology asopposed to public health bacteriology are reminded thata course for the Diploma in Clinical Pathology is avail-able at the Post Graduate Medical School of London.

Short courses in the principles of MedicalStatistics and Statistical Methods. In additionto the general course of instruction in medical statisticsand elementary statistical ideas and methods whichforms part of the curriculum of students working foracademic diplomas, the Department of Medical Statisticsoffers a short and rather more advanced three monthcourse in these subjects. In this short course particularattention is given to the analysis of medical statisticalmaterial and students are taught, in lectures and bypractical work, the more important methods of treatingand interpreting numerical data. Special lectures aregiven on the general principles of statistical inferenceand the elements of the theory of probability. Thenature and source of medical-statistical data are dis-cussed and lectures given on statistical-epidemiologicalaspects of diseases and on such subjects as occupationaland social aspects of mortality and morbidity, popula-tion sampling methods and tests of inoculation pro-cedures. The programme consists of 4-5 lectures and6-7 hours of practical work each week, usually arrangedto occupy two whole days. The days and hours ofattendance are not fixed but are arranged from term toterm to fit in with other courses in the School and tomeet, when possible, the needs of students who wishto take this part-time course and to carry on with otherwork at the same time. Those with more time at theirdisposal are able to do additional practical work and areassisted in analysing statistical material of their ownoutside the fixed hours of classes. The course laststhree months and is held twice a year, beginning in thefirst week of January and about mid-April, if sufficientapplications are received. The fee for the course isxz2 12S. od. Application should be made to the Registrarof the School not less than one month before the courseis due to begin.

Course in Applied Helminthology. A short courseis held from time to time, and is designed for mnmbersof staffs of agricultural, colleges, officers or intendingofficers of the Colonial Agricultural and VeterinaryServices, and officers engaged under local authorities.The course lasts three weeks and is held in the monthof July, but it is not held every year. The fee for thecourse is £4 4s. od.

METROPOLITAN EAR, NOSE ANDTHROAT HOSPITALThe post graduate training is the traditional one ofbeing appointed as clinical assistant to one of thesurgeons, taking part in the out-patient clinics andassisting at operations. Special four-week coursesare held for general practitioners, which necessitateattendance at the hospital at least twice a week for,lectures, practical demonstrations and training in theexamination of patients. In addition there are frequentintensive week-end courses for general practitioners.There is a daily Hearing Aid clinic at the Hospital.Daily operations at I.P. Dept., 5 Collingham Gardens,S.W.5. Courses for specialists by arrangement.For further information applications should be addressedto Chief Lay Administrative Officer, Metropolitan Ear,Nose and Throat Hospital, 14-i6 Granville Place, W.I.

NATIONAL HOSPITAL, Queen Square(Institute of Neurology)Neurosurgery. A six weeks' full-time course will beheld from May 3oth to July 9th, 1949. The course willconsist of lectures, clinical demonstrations, pathologicaldemonstrations, out-patient clinics, and a limitednumber of ward rounds. Attendance at operations oncertain days may be arranged at the discretion of thesurgeohs. Fee, 0I5 I5s. od.Extra Lectures will be given in the Lecture Theatreat.5 p.m., as follows:June2nd Prof. A. M. Boyd. Intermittent claudication.9th Prof. Sir Hugh Cairns. Surgical principles in'

intracranial surgery.3oth Prof. G. Jefferson. Rathke's pouch tumours.July7th Mr. Geoffrey Keynes. The surgical treatment of

myasthenia gravis.Date to be announced later. Prof. Rene' Leriche. Somefacts on the painful stump.These lectures are available to the post graduates takingthe full-time course in Neurosurgery, as well as to theRegistrars, Clinical Clerks and Residents at the Hospital,without charge. A number of vacancies are also present,the fee being Ios. 6d. for a single lecture.Applications should be addressed to the Dean, MedicalSchool, National Hospital, Queen Square, London,W.C.I.

NORTH LONDON POST GRADUATEMEDICAL INSTITUTEBearsted Memorial Hospital; Chase Faim Hospital;North Eastern Hospital; North Middlesex Hospital;Prince of Wales's General Hospital. Clinical facilitiesfor medicine, surgery, obstetrics and' special depart-ments.

278 POST GRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL June I949

For fe,' and further information applications should beaddressed to the Dean's Office, Prince of Wales's GeneralHospital, Tottenham, London, N. I 5.

POST GRADUATE MEDICAL SCHOOLOF LONDON (University of London)The Post Graduate Medical School of London (formerlythe British Post Graduate Medical School) is associatedwith the Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, W.Iz.It has University Departments in Medicine, Surgery,Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Pathology. TheDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology togetherwith Queen Charlotte's and the Chelsea Hospitals, nowforms the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Theteaching in the clinical departments, which is of anadvanced nature and based on ward work, is continuousand is supplemented by lectures during three Io-weeksessions starting in January, April and October.Suitable students are encouraged to undertake researchwork. A course for the University Diploma in ClinicalPathology, lasting one year, is available for a limitednumber of selected students. This commences inOctober. In anaesthetics, short practical coursselasting a fortnight, and longer periods of training for sixmonths, are provided. The Department of Radiologyof the Hospital provides courses for the Diplomas inMedical Radiology of the University and ConjointBoard. The fees vary from C3 for one week to £60for a year.For further information application should be made to theDean, Post Graduate School of London, Ducane Road,W.xz2.

ROYAL EYE HOSPITALOphthalmic Neurology. Mr. L. H. Savin. At5 p.m. on Wednesdays, June 8th, 15th, 22nd and 29th.No fee.Ocular Palsy. Prof. S. Nevin. At 5 p.m. on Tuesday,June 14th. No fee.Contact Lenses. Dr. C. G. Kay Sharp. At 4.15 p.m.on Tuesdays, June 2ISt and July 5th. No fee.The Problem of Awareness and Non-Awarenessof Visual Field Defects. Dr. Macdonald Critchley.At 5.30 p.m. on Wednesday, July 6th. No fee.Advanced Operative Surgery. Mr. B. W. Rycroft.Theatre demonstrations by arrangement.Practical Course in Operative Surgery. MissJ. M. Dollar and Miss Mary Savory. By arrangement.Fee, £s5 5s. od.

Forfurther information and enrolment applications shouldbe addressed to Mr. B. W. Rycroft, O.B.E., M.D.,F.R.C.S., Royal Eye Hospital, St. George's Circus,London, S.E. I.

ST GEORGE'S HOSPITAL MEDICALSCHOOL(University of London)The following lecture-demonstrations will be given inthe large Lecture Theatre at 4.30 p.m. or. Thursdays:June2nd Dr. Williams.9th Dr. Curran.i6th Dr. Feiling.

23rd Dr. Curran.3oth Dr. Williams.Fobs further informal ion apply to the Dean, MedicalSchool, St. Geotge's Hospital, Hyde Park Corner,London, S.W.I.

ST. STEPHEN'S HOSPITAL(Rheumatism Unit)Two concentrated week-end courses in the RheumaticDiseases are given each year, in March and in October,under the auspices of the Fellowship of Post GraduateMedicine.A limited number of post graduates can attend the Out-Patient Sessions of the Unit on Wednesday and Fridaymornings at Io a.m.

Applications for attendance at these sessions should bemade to the Medical Registrar, Rheumatism Unit, St.Stephen's Hospital, Fulham Road, S.W.Io.

WESTMINSTER MEDICAL SCHOOL(University of London)A course for F.R.C.S. (Final) candidates will be heldat Westminster Hospital, the Gordon Hospital, AllSaints' Hospital and Westminster Children's Hospitalfrom September 6th to 29th. The course will includelectures, clinical demonstrations, tutorial classes andpractical operative surgery and will be limited to 20post graduates. Fee £52 Ios. od.

Applications for further information and for enrolmentshould be addressed to the Secretary, Westminster MedicalSchool, Horseferry Road, London, S.W.I, as soon aspossible.

EMPIRE RHEUMATISM COUNCILLecture courses in Rheumatic Diseases are arranged forgeneral practitioners and other post graduatesperiodically.Particulars are obtainable from the General Secretary,Empire Rheumatifm Council, Tavistock House (N),Tavistock Scuale London, W.C.i.

LONDON COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETYA clinical meeting will be held on Thursday, June 2nd,at the Southern Hospital, Dartford, Kent, at 3 p.m.Enquiries and all communications should be addressed tothe Hon .'ecretary, J. Gabe, Esq., F.R.C.S., St. Alfege'sHospital. Vanbrugh Hill, S.E.io.

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FORMENTAL HEALTHCourses for Medical Officers on 'Educationally sub-normal children and mental defectives, I949,' are or-ganized by the Extra-mural Department of theUniversity of London in co-operation with the NationalAssociation for Mental Health; they are intended forqualified medical practitioners, more especially thoseengaged as School Medical Officers and as CertifyingOfficers under the Mental Deficiency Act.A course will be held at the University of LondonExamination Hall, Imperial Institute Road, SouthKensington, from October 3rd to 22nd. Fee, £I5.

June 1949 Post Graduate News 279Applications for further information and for enrolmentshould be made to the Educational Secretary, NationalAssociation for Mental Health, 39 Queen Anne Street,London, W.. -

ROYAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLICHEALTH AND HYGIENEThe next course of instruction of the Institute for theCertificate in Public. Health, and for Part I of theDiploma in Industrial Health-which is the same andruns concurrently-will begin on Friday, September3oth, 1949. The next course for Part II of the D.I.H.begins on July 8th, 1949, for those eligible to take it.Further information can be obtained from the Secretariy,The Royal Institute of Public Health and Hygiene, 28Portland Place, W.I.

BRISTOLMedical Post Graduate Department of theUniversity of BristolC.P.H. (Certificate in Public Health) and D.P.H.(Diploma in Public Health). Preliminary course forthe C.P.H. occupies ten weeks. Final course for theDiploma occupies the Spring and Summer Terms.Courses run concurrently and begin in October.D.M.R.D. & T. (Diploma in Medical Radio-Diagnosis and Radiotherapy). The D.M.R.D.covers a period of i8 months. The D.M.R.T. covers aperiod of two years. Course begins in October.D.P.M. (Diploma in Psychological Medicine)Part I. The course covers a period of not less thantwo terms normally beginning in the autumn.D.C.H. (Diploma in Child Health). A courselasting three months begins in October.D.A. (Diploma in Anaesthesia). The organizationof an i8-month course in anaesthesia commencing inOctober, I949, is under consideration.Application for further information and for enrolment incourses should be made to the Director, Medical PostGraduate Studies, The University, Bristol, 8.

CAMBRIDGE

University Medical School andDepartment of RadiotherapeuticsA post graduate course for General Practitioners on

'Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer' is being held atAddenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, from July IIth-22znd, I949. Eleven half-day sessions of lectures anddemonstrations are being arranged. The course islimited to 30 General Practitioners. The fee to thosePractitioners not eligible for a Government grant isfive guineas.Enquiries should be addressed to the Secretary, CambridgeUniversity Medical School, The Naval Hut, DowningCollege, Cambridge.

CARDIFFThe Welsh National School of MedicineC.P.H. Wales (Certificate in Public Health).Three months' full-time course, October to December.

D.P.H. Wales (Diploma in Public Health). Twelvemonths' part-time course, January to December.T.D.D. Wales (Tuberculosis Diseases Diploma).Five to six months' full-time course, January to June.D.M.R.D.Eng. (Diploma in Medical Radio-Diagnosis). Eighteen months' full-time course fromOctober.The number of admissions to each of the above courses isstrictly limited and early application should be made tothe Secretary, The Welsh National School of Medicine,34 Newport Road, Cardiff.

DUBLINUniversity CollegeThe following courses will be held during the session,I949-50o :C.P.H. Course and examination. Michaelmas Term.D.P.H. Course. Hilary and Trinity Terms.

Examinations. Summer Term.D.P.M. Course and examination. Michaelmas Term.D.C.H. Course and examination. Hilary Term.Further particulars may be obtained on application to theRegistrar, University College, Earlsfort Terrace, Dublin.

EDINBURGHEdinburgh Post Graduate Board ofMedicineMedical Sciences. A three months' course in AppliedAnatomy, Physiology, Pathology, Bacteriology andBiochemistry will begin on July 4th, I949. This courseis suitable for post graduates wishing to take the PrimaryFellowship examination. The number will be limited.Fee £3I Ios. od.General Surgery. A five months' course of postgraduate surgery is arranged to start on October 17th,1949. It is suitable for surgeons'requiring a refreshercourse in the current outlook on general surgery, or forgraduates preparing to specialize in surgery; approxi-mately 300 hours of instruction are provided: Fee,,£36 15s. od.Internal Medicine. A course lasting I2 weeks, suit-able for graduates wishing a refresher course, or tospecialize in Medicine, begins on October 3rd, 1949.These courses consist of 320 hours' instruction, com-prising lectures, clinical demonstrations aild wardvisits. Fee, £3I Ios. od.

Paediatrics. A short course of instruction is run inconjunction with the course in Medicine, and is primarilyintended for those who wish additional experience inthis subject. A small fee is charged, and the numbersare limited.

Applications for enrolment should be addressed to Directorof Post Graduate Studies, University New Buildings,Edinburgh, 8. Applicants for courses, except generalpractitioners, should supply particulars of qualificationsand post graduate experience.

Royal Medical SocietyThe meetings of the Society are held in the Society'sHall on Friday evenings during the Autumn and SpringTerms. Meetings consist of Private Business (at 7 p.m.)and Public Business (at 8 p.m.) in which dissertations

280 POST GRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL June I949

by members or addresses by prominent medical men onsubjects of medical interest are given. Clinical meetingsare held periodically in the Royal Infirmary and filmshows of the latest medical films are given in the Society'sRooms. Prospective members will be welcomed on anyFriday evening in the Society's Hall before publicbusiness.Applications for further information should be addressedto the Secretary, Royal Medical Society, 7 M7VelbournePlace, Edinburgh, r.

LIVERPOOLUniversity of LiverpoolThe following post graduate courses of instruction areoffered :-Orthopaedic Surgery. A full-time I5-month courseleading to a Mastership in Orthopaedic Surgery(M.Ch.Orth.) open to all medical graduates of ap-proved Universities and to graduates in other facultieswith qualifications in'medicine and an F.R.C.S. of oneof the British colleges or its equivalent. The fee for thewhole course is £80o. High priority is given to candidateswho have already attained an F.R.C.S. and to those withexperience in approved centres in general surgery and/orin orthopaedic surgery. The course begins in October.Radiology. A full-time two-year course leading to aMastership in Radiology (M.Rad.) which can be takenin either Radiodiagnosis or Radiotherapy, open tomedical graduates of approved Universities and tomedically qualified candidates who hold approved highermedical diplomas and a degree in a faculty other thanmedicine. The courses amply cover the requirementsof the D.M.R.D. and D.M.R.T. of the Conjoint Board.The fee for the full two-year course is £ioo. Thecourse begins in October.Surgery. A full-time one-year course leading to theMastership of Surgery (Ch.M.) of the University ofLiverpool, open to medical graduates of approvedUniversities and to graduates in other faculties withqualifications in medicine and an F.R.C.S. of one of theBritish colleges or its equivalent. The course is suitablefor candidates who have already completed the Primaryof their F.R.C.S. and will not include instruction inanatomy and physiology suitable for this examination.The fee for the course is £6o. The course begins inOctober.Public Health. A full-time one-year course leading tothe Diplomna in Public Health, open to candidates witha medical qualification from an approved University ormedical school. The fee is £60. All courses of in-struction begin in October.Anaesthesia. A full-time course of post graduateinstruction, limited to ten students, will begin onOctober Ist and last for one year. This course has beenaccepted by the Conjoint Board of England as fulfillingthe requirements of candidates for the Diploma inAnaesthetics. The fee for the course is £60.Internal Medicine. For graduates proceeding to ahigher qualification in medicine (e.g. M.R.C.P. orM.D.) there is a part-time course lasting one year.This comprises lectures and demonstrations in path-ology, bacteriology, general medicine, neurology, cardi-ology and radiological diagnosis. The course normally

begins in October, but graduates may join at other timeswithout disadvantage. The fee for the year's course is £2 I.Refresher courses for general practitioners arearranged from time to time.Applications for further information should be addressedto the Dean, Faculty of Medicine, The University,Liverpool, 3.

MARKET DRAYTON, SALOPTuberculosis Educational InstituteThree day Clinical Courses are given at the CheshireJoint Sanatorium, Market Drayton, throughout theyear. The next course will take place in the autumn.Applications for further information and enrolment shouldbe sent to Dr. Harley Williams, Tuberculosis EducationalInstitute, Tavistock House North, Tavistock Square,London, W.C.I.

SOUTHENDSouthend General HospitalAn abdominal operation session is held every Saturdayafternoon from 2 p.m. to 7 p.m., at which Post Graduatesare welcome. There is no fee. Trains from FenchurchStreet to Southend or to Westcliff are as follows, butPost Graduates are advised to check them in case ofalterations, the time of arrival is stated in brackets.To Southend : 2.1 (1.7), 12.7 (1.I9), 2. I 3 (I.25),12.25 (1.32), 12.32 (1.46). To Westcliff: 12.1 (I.3),12.7 (I.I5), 12.25 (1.28), I2.32 (1-44). Trains re-turning to Fenchurch Street are as follows. FromSouthend:' 7.34 (8.55), 8.4 (9.56). From Westcliff:7.3 (8.30), 7.39 (8.55), 8.8 (9.56).

CONFERENCES, ANNUAL MEETINGS,ETC.Fourth International Congress of Otolaryngologywill be held in London, July I8th to July 23rd, i949.Full information is obtainable from the GeneralSecretary, International Congress of Otolaryngology,45 Lincolns Inn Fields, London, W.C.2.The Second Commonwealth and Empire Healthand Tuberculosis Conference will be held in theCentral Hall, London, on July 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th,I949. Full information is obtainable from the Secretary-General, National Association for the Prevention ofTuberculosis, Tavistock House North, TavistockSquare, London, W.C.I.Faculty of Radiologists. Annual Meeting inSheffield, June 17th and I8th, 1949. Full informationis obtainable from the Secretary, Faculty of Radiologists,45 Lincolns Inn Fields, London, W.C.2.British Association of Plastic Surgeons. Clinicalmeeting at Birmingham, June xoth and iith, 1949.Full information is obtainable from the Secretary of theAssociation, 45 Lincolns Inn Fields, London, W.C.2.British Association of Urological Surgeons.Annual meeting in London, June 3oth, July Ist and 2nd,1949. Full information is obtainable from the Secretaryof the Association, 45 Lincolns Inn Fields, London,W.C.2.