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55ChapterChapter

IT Infrastructure and IT Infrastructure and Emerging Emerging

TechnologiesTechnologies

IT Infrastructure and IT Infrastructure and Emerging Emerging

TechnologiesTechnologies

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging TechnologiesChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

• Define IT infrastructure and describe its components.

• Identify and describe the stages of IT infrastructure evolution.

• Identify and describe the technology drivers of IT infrastructure evolution.

• Assess contemporary computer hardware platform trends.

• Assess contemporary software platform trends.

• Evaluate the challenges of managing IT infrastructure and management solutions.

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IT Infrastructure

• Defining IT infrastructure• Dengan ilustrasi Gambar infrastruktur TI di atas dapat

dijelaskan sebagai struktur yang memberikan layanan dan support terhadap lapisan di atasnya yaitu pengembangan aplikasi.

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging TechnologiesChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

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• Evolution of IT infrastructure: 1950-2007

• Electronic accounting machine era: 1930-1950

• General-purpose mainframe and minicomputer era: 1959 to present

• Personal computer era: 1981 to present

• Client/server era: 1983 to present

• Enterprise Internet computing era: 1992 to present

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IT Infrastructure

• Technology drivers of infrastructure evolution

• Moore’s Law and microprocessing power

• The Law of Mass Digital Storage

• Metcalfe’s Law and network economics

• Declining communications costs and the Internet

• Standards and network effects

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging TechnologiesChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

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Moore’s Law and Microprocessor PerformanceMoore’s Law and Microprocessor Performance

Figure 5-4

Packing more transistors into a tiny microprocessor has exponentially increased processing power.

Source: 2004 Intel Corporation; updated by the authors.

IT Infrastructure

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging TechnologiesChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

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The Capacity of Hard Disk Drives Grows The Capacity of Hard Disk Drives Grows Exponentially 1980-2007Exponentially 1980-2007

Figure 5-7

From 1980 to 1990, hard disk drive capacities for PCs grew at the rate of 25 percent annual compound growth, but after 1990, growth accelerated to more than 65 percent each year.

IT Infrastructure

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging TechnologiesChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

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Infrastructure Components

• Computer hardware platforms

• Computer software platforms• Enterprise software applications

• Data management and storage

• Networking/telecommunications platforms

• Internet platforms

• Consulting and system integration services

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging TechnologiesChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

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Hardware Platform Trends and Emerging Technologies

• The integration of computing and telecommunications platforms

• Grid computing• Dalam buku The Grid:Blue Print for a new computing infrastructure dijelaskan bahwa yang

dimaksud dengan komputasi grid adalah infrastruktur perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak

yang dapat menyediakan akses yang bisa diandalkan, konsisten, tahan lama dan tidak mahal

terhadap kemampuan komputasi mutakhir yang tersedia

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging TechnologiesChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

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• On-demand computing (utility computing)• adalah komputasi model bisnis yang memungkinkan perusahaan untuk

menyediakan akses ke sumber daya komputasi sesuai keperluan.

Melakukan hal ini dapat menghemat uang perusahaan pada hardware dan

lisensi perangkat lunak antara lain.

• Autonomic computing and edge computing• adalah sebuah konsep yang menyatukan berbagai bidang komputasi

dengan tujuan menciptakan sistem komputasi yang mampu mengelola

sendiri

• Virtualization and multicore processors

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Software Platform Trends and Emerging Technologies

• The rise of Linux and open-source software

• Java is everywhere

• Software for enterprise integration

• Web services and service-oriented architecture (SOA)

• Ajax, mashups, Web 2.0, and Web-based software

applications

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging TechnologiesChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

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Software Platform Trends and Emerging Technologies

• Software outsourcing

• Changing sources of software

• Software packages and enterprise software

• Application service providers

• Software outsourcing

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging TechnologiesChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

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Management Issues

• Dealing with infrastructure change

• Management and governance

• Making wise infrastructure investments

• Competitive forces model for IT infrastructure investment

• Total cost of ownership of technology assets

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging TechnologiesChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

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Competitive Forces Model for IT InfrastructureCompetitive Forces Model for IT Infrastructure

Figure 5-15

There are six factors you can use to answer the question, “How much should our firm spend on IT infrastructure?”

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging TechnologiesChapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

Management Issues