6 th grade ela- grammar. definition: a noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea ...
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CRCT REVIEW6th grade ELA- Grammar
NOUNS Definition: A noun is the name of a
person, place, thing, or idea Anything you can see, touch, smell,
taste, or hear is a noun. Types of nouns: Proper, Common,
Singular, Plural, Collective, Abstract, Possessive
NOUNS ACTIVITY Fold a sheet of paper like a hamburger,
then like a hotdog. Label your four squares.
For each category, make a list of 10 nouns that fit the description
People at (school name)
Places in (town/city/county)
Things I see daily Ideas I use at (school name)
COMMON AND PROPER NOUNS A proper noun, which names a specific
person, place, or thing is almost always capitalized.
Common nouns name everything else, things that usually are not capitalized.
COMMON/PROPER NOUNS ACTIVITY Fold a sheet of paper like a hotdog.
For each category, list 20 nouns that fit the description
Proper nouns I see each day
Common nouns I see each day
SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS A singular noun is used to describe a
single noun. Anytime you have one of something, it is singular.
A plural noun is changed to indicate more than one of something.
RULES FOR PLURAL NOUNS The plural form of most nouns is created
simply by adding the letter smore than one snake = snakes
Words that end in -ch, x, s or s-like sounds, however, will require an -es for the pluralmore than one witch = witches more than one box = boxesmore than one gas = gases
RULES FOR PLURAL NOUNS There are several nouns that have
irregular plural formsmore than one mouse = mice more than one child = children more than one man = men more than one person = people more than one goose = geese
RULES FOR PLURAL NOUNS Plurals of words that end in -f or -fe
usually change the f sound to a v sound and add s or –esmore than one knife = knives more than one leaf = leaves
With words that end in a consonant and a y, you'll need to change the y to an i and add esmore than one baby = babies
PLURAL/SINGULAR NOUNS ACTIVITY Fold a sheet of paper like a hotdog.
Look around the classroom and list twenty for each.
Plural nouns I see Singular nouns I see
ABSTRACT NOUNS Abstract nouns are kind of word that is
not tangible, such as warmth, justice, grief, and peace. You cannot see, feel, touch, smell, or hear an abstract noun. These are the nouns that fit into the category of “Idea.”
ABSTRACT NOUNS ACTIVITY Make a list of abstract nouns that you
use each day (feelings, personal characteristics, ideas)
Example: I use my motivation to get up on time each day. Motivation is an abstract noun.
COLLECTIVE NOUNS Collective nouns are singular nouns
but refer to a group or more than one of something
Examples: Audience band class
crowd dozen familyflockgroup heap herdjurykind lot number publicstaff team
COLLECTIVE NOUNS ACTIVITY Make a list of collective nouns you are
part of each day.
Example: I am a teacher, so I am part of the faculty and staff.
POSSESSIVE NOUNS Possessive nouns show ownership by
adding an apostrophe and an SBob’s shoe=the shoe that belongs to Bob
When a word ends with an S, add an apostrophe BUT no SThe Smiths’ new carThe Tigers’ new stadium
POSSESSIVE NOUNS ACTIVITY Fold a sheet of paper like a hotdog.
Create a list of 20 nouns that fit the description
Possessive nouns at school
Possessive nouns at home
PRONOUNS Pronouns refer to a noun already
mentioned earlier in the sentence or paragraph
Pronouns REPLACE nouns The Noun that a pronoun replaces is
called the AntecendentBob wanted to get on the boat[NOUN] but
it[PRONOUN] had already sailed. Boat is the antecedent because it is the NOUN
that the pronoun replaced
PRONOUNS/ANTECENDENTS ACTIVITY Write the sentences. Underline the
pronoun and circle the antecedent.1. Everyone at the party enjoyed their
evening.2. The car has a leak in its transmission.3. The cow twitched its tail at the fly.4. The audience clapped its hands.5. My aunt asked me to catch her dog.
RULES FOR POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS Possessive pronouns show ownership Possessive nouns usually have an
apostrophe, BUT: Possessive pronouns never need apostrophes. mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirsBob’s[NOUN] shoes were clean but
his[POSSESIVE PRONOUN] socks were not.
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS ACTIVITY Write the sentences. Underline the
possessive pronoun. Circle the word modified by the pronoun (this means- what is owned?)
1. Never take a nap with your pet rattlesnake.2. Oscar couldn’t find his purple slippers.3. My favorite poem was written over 150
years ago. 4. Their silence made us wonder what they
knew.5. Did mom remember to bring our
chopsticks?
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS The interrogative pronouns introduce
questions. (Remember: Interrogative sentences end with question marks, so interrogative pronouns are part of interrogative sentences)
Examples: Who, Which, WhatWho[INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN] told Bob to
go to the store?
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS ACTIVITY Write fifteen sentences using
interrogative pronouns. Circle the interrogative pronouns. [Topic suggestion: favorite restaurant and favorite food]
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS demonstratives can behave either as
pronouns or as determiners. Examples: this, that, these, those, such
Used as determiners (these will be adjectives) This[Determiner/Adjective: Which room? This
one] room is a mess!Used as Demonstrative Pronoun:
My books are neatly stack, but those [DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN] are not.
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS ACTIVITY Write fifteen sentences using
demonstrative pronouns. Circle the demonstrative pronouns. [Topic suggestion: things you see at the mall]
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS A reflexive pronoun "reflects" a noun or
pronoun by taking the place of its antecedent when the noun or pronoun is doing something to itself.
In English reflexive pronouns are formed just like intensive pronouns--by adding -self or -selves to the pronoun.
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS The only reflexive pronouns in modern
English are the following: myself, yourself, himself, herself,
itself, ourselves, yourselves, and themselves.
The words hisself and theirselves do not exist
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS ACTIVITY
Write the sentences and underline the reflexive pronoun.
1. I found myself without enough cash to pay the bill.2. The children invented a game for themselves to play.3. The chess club members raised the money themselves.4. The boys are going to get themselves clean.5. People need to free themselves from sugary sodas.
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS An indefinite pronoun refers to
something that is not definite or specific or exact. The indefinite pronouns are all, another, any, anybody, anyone, anything, each, everybody, everyone, everything, few, many, nobody, none, one, several, some, somebody, someone, These indefinite pronouns can also be used as indefinite adjectives in some cases.
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS ACTIVITY Write ten sentences using indefinite
pronouns. Circle the indefinite pronouns.
ADJECTIVES An adjective is any word that describes
a noun or pronoun. Adjectives can describe appearance, smell, taste, sound, texture, size, number, color, and any other detail about a noun or pronoun.
ADJECTIVES ACTIVITY Fold your paper like a hotdog then like a
hamburger. Label the four squares.
For each category, list 15 adjectives that describe the topic.
(School name) Summer
Spring
Yourself
COMMON ADJECTIVE A common adjective is an adjective that
is not written with a capital letter. Most adjectives are common- ones that are written with a capital letter are proper adjectives .
To remember this, think about common nouns. They are also not capitalized.
PROPER ADJECTIVES A proper adjective is an adjective that is
written with a capital letter. They often come from proper nouns: A Japanese camera- Japanese comes from the proper noun Japan.
COMMON/PROPER ADJECTIVES ACTIVITY Fold your paper like a hotdog.
For each category, list 20 adjectives.
Common Adjectives Proper Adjectives
DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES
Demonstrative adjectives (this, that, these, those) show whether the noun they refer to is singular or plural and whether it is located near to or far from the speaker or writer
VERBS Verbs are words that show action. There are lots of different types of
verbs. You can use verbs in different tenses to
show when it happened- past, present, future.
VERBS ACTIVITY write 10 verbs that you can do with
each body part:Head Hands Legs Feet ArmsEyes
TRANSITIVE VERBS Transitive verbs are action words. To
use a transitive verb correctly, you will always have a direct object in the sentence. The direct object is who or what RECIEVES the action.
Sylvia kicked Juan under the table. Kicked = transitive verb; Juan = direct
object. What’s the action? The kick Who receives it? Juan
INTRANSITIVE VERBS An intransitive verb is also an action
verb. It does not have a direct object, though, which means that nobody or nothing receives the action.
Huffing and puffing, we arrived at the classroom door with only seven seconds to spare.
The intransitive verb= arrived
TRANSITIVE VS. INTRANSITIVE ACTIVITY
Write the sentences. Determine if the verbs in the following sentences are transitive orintransitive. Write T for Transitive, I for Intransitive. If transitive, circle the object of the verb
1. The birdcage swung from a golden chain. 2. Margaret angrily crumpled her letter in her
fist. 3. Someone answered that question. 4. He shuddered with fright during the scary
part of the movie. 5. The rats chewed their way into the old
house.
LINKING VERBS Linking verbs do not show action. They connect
the subject to other words and tell that the subject is, was, or will be.
Examples: am, are, is, was, were, be, being, been, becomes, became
When you have a linking verb, you will also have a predicate nominative. This is a word that renames the subject.
George Washington became the first president.Subject linking verb PN
Does George Washington =first president? That’s how you know it’s a predicate nominative.
LINKING VERBS/PREDICATE NOMINATIVE ACTIVITYWrite the sentences, circle the linking verb, underline the predicate nominative. (remember: the PN renames the subject) 1. I am a teacher. 2. That book is very interesting. 3. My hand felt sore after the exam.4. Our bananas are rotten. 5. Those kids are being noisy.
STATE-OF-BEING VERBS State-of-being verbs can be the main
verb of the sentence: Sally is my best friend.
Or a state-of-being verb can be used as a helping verb: She is going on a vacation.
Note that the verbs: be, being, and been always NEED a helping verb: Pat has been sick all week
Is, am, were, was, are, be, being, been
VERB PHRASE, MAIN VERBS Definition: A verb phrase is a group of
related words that contains one or more helping verbs and a main verb. For example....
Jim has been working on his science project.The verb phrase is has been working. Has and been are the helping verbs, and working is the main verb
The main verbs tell the action and the other verbs may be helping or linking verbs
VERB PHRASES/MAIN VERBS ACTIVITY Underline every word that is part of the
verb phrase. Circle the main verb.1. Will you buy me a drink?2. Sam is not going to the dance.3. Al should have mowed the lawn today.4. Theresa will be playing her clarinet at the concert tonight.5. Rosie could have worked on that project today.
VERB PHRASES, HELPING VERBS Helping verbs appear with other verbs
(the main verbs) and help explain the tense, or when the verb happened.
Examples: am as are was were been be can has shall will do does did have should may might being would must could had
Bob should have known the answerShould: helping known: main verbHave: helping
HELPING VERBS ACTIVITY Write the sentences. Circle the helping
verbs. 1. She is teaching us about blood cells this week
2. Jared couldn't find his backpack.
3. Polly should win the contest
4. The museum will open tomorrow.
5. I may not attend the karate class.