6.1 - history and government of the united states
DESCRIPTION
Quickie U.S. history up to Civil War. Not much government.TRANSCRIPT
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History and Government History and Government of the United Statesof the United States
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What’s that? The United States wasn’t always here? That’s crazy talk!
• Ah, but true. It actually wasn’t around 12,000 years ago when those nomads crossed over to modern-day Alaska from Siberia.
• Those folks multiplied and gradually spread throughout the Americas.
• As they spread out and occupied different areas and environments, they became different distinct cultures.
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Original location of Native American tribes.
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Current distribution of Native Americans
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Then the Europeans come barging onto the scene (rude)
• The Spanish did most of the early exploring, looking for things like El Dorado and such.
• Hernando De Soto was one such conquistador
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• The French and English follow up the Spanish, forming their own settlements and colonies.
• Columbian Exchange is begun
• The trading and transplantation of goods, plants, animals, and diseases to and from Europe and North America.
• This was rather significant. Keep in mind that these species had been completely separated from millions of years and all of a sudden you have things like cows and horses where there were none before.
• The new nutrition also spurred a population boom in Europe.
• Conversely, European diseases wreaked havoc on the native American populations.
• By 1595, 18 million had died in Mexico alone
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The British colonies rebelled (as I’m sure you know)
• The American one went onto form the United States
• The Canadian colonies never really rebelled and remained relatively loyal to the crown
• They’re still part of the British Commonwealth (the queen is their head of state), though they are an independent country.
• Australia, India, and a number of countries in the West Indies and Africa are also part of the Commonwealth.
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In a fit of Manifest Destiny, the young Americans start migrating west.
• Aided by the Louisiana Purchase
• The purchase from France in 1803 of nearly 830,000 square miles of land.
• Keep in mind that Houston is just 601 square miles.
• It actually doubled the size of the U.S.
• Cost only $15 million (about $390 billion in today’s money… a steal, really).
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Time goes on and sectionalism becomes a problem.
• This was especially true as concerns the issue of slavery.
• The southern states were slave-owning (including Texas) and the northern ones were not.
• The Civil War breaks out in 1861.
• 618,000 Americans died and 412,000 were injured. That makes for a total of 1,030,000 causalities out of a population of just 31 million.
• The North won and slavery was abolished.
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After the Civil War, the nation starts to urbanize
• People start migrating towards cities and the industrial centers that were increasingly taking the place of the traditional agrarian base.