7-4: World War I

Neutrality Beginning of the War

Wilson issued neutrality proclamation

Urged belligerents to respect neutral rights

Submarine Warfare

British blockade of Germany

Sinking of the Lusitania and Sussex

Sussex Pledge and renewal of submarine warfare

Neutrality

Zimmermann Note

Germany proposed alliance with Mexico

Links with Britain and France

Economic Ties

370% increase in exports to Allies

7,000% decrease in exports to Central Powers

Psychological and Ethnic Ties

Traditions, propaganda

Declaration of War

Wilson’s War Message

German violations of freedom of the seas

German killings of Americans

German interference with Mexico

Making the world “safe for democracy”

Reshaping world through progressive principles

Declaration of War

Preparedness

U.S. quite prepared

Build-up of Navy under T. Roosevelt

Army enlarged in 1915 due to war in Europe

Selective Service Act (draft)

Mobilization

Financing the War

Congress empowered Pres. Wilson to direct U.S. economy

War Boards

War Industries Board

War Labor Board

Fuel Administration Board

Food Administration Board

Liberty bonds

Income taxes on the wealthy

Mobilization Public Opinion and Civil Liberties

Propaganda

Committee on Public Information

Aroused public support

Stifled opposition

Voluntary censorship of the press

War Bonds

Prohibition

Espionage and Sedition Acts

Schenck v. United States

“clear and present danger”

Mobilization

Effects on American Society

More Jobs for Women

Migration

Great Migration of African Americans

Conflict following return of white troops

Increased Mexican immigration

American Expeditionary Force

General John Pershing

Most fighting in France

Germany halted at 2nd

Battle of the Marne

Final counteroffensive and German surrender