788.11J Presentation“Deploying a Wireless Sensor Network

on an Active Volcano”

Presented by

Ahmed Farouk Ibrahim Gaffer

Agenda

• The main idea

– General description

– How it works

• Main achievements

• Requirements of Studying Active Volcanoes

• Challenges

• Pictures

• Innovations

• Future work

THE MAIN IDEA

General Description

• Study an active volcanoes using a wireless sensor

network.

• Use an array consisted of 16 node equipped with

seismoacoustic sensors deployed over 3 km.

• The network is monitored and controlled by a

laptop base station, located at a makeshift

volcano observatory roughly 4 km from the

sensor network itself.

How It Work

• When a node detects an interesting event, it

routes a message to the base station laptop.

• If enough nodes report an event within a short

time interval, the laptop initiates data collection

protocol called Fetch.

• The laptop downloads between 30 and 60

seconds of data from each node using a reliable

data collection protocol (Fetch).

How It Work (cont)

• ensuring that the system retrieves all buffered

data from the event.

• When data collection completes, nodes return to

sampling and storing sensor data.

MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS

The Main Achievements

• The new node are smaller, lighter, and consume

less power.

• Developed a reliable data collection protocol

• Real-time network control and monitoring for

data-acquisition equipments

REQUIREMENTS OF STUDYING ACTIVE VOLCANOES

Requirements of Studying Active Volcanoes

• high data rates,

• high data fidelity,

• Sampled data to be accurately time stamped,

• sparse arrays with high spatial separation

between nodes.

CHALLENGES

The Challenges

•Low Radio Bandwidth of the network

•The physical deployment of the network

•The study requires high data fidelity, high data

rates and sparse arrays with high spatial separation

between nodes

•Reliable data Transmission and Time

Synchronization

PICTURES

Deployment site Reventador Volcano, Ecuador

System Design

Network Topology

Sensor Deployment Map

The node

INNOVATION

Innovation

•Event Based Triggering

•Use a local buffer (memory) to store data

•Signal Processing

•Developed a reliable data-collection protocol

(called fetch) to retrieve buffered data from each

node

•Long-Distance radio link between the observatory

and the sensor network

Future Work

• Improving sensor-network design and pursuing

additional deployments at active volcanoes

• focus on improving event detection and

prioritization

• optimizing the data collection path

• deploy a much larger (100-node) array for several

months, with continuous Internet connectivity via

a satellite uplink

QUESTIONS

THANK YOU