81432176 biology project

8/15/2019 81432176 Biology Project

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Introduction

Name: Shrushti Shah

Class: 11th – B

Roll no. : 43

Subject: Biology

Topic: o! cigarettes a""ect your health#


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Certifcate The work done in this fle is

satisactorily perormed by

Ms ____________ studying in

_____________

Class _______ Division _______ Roll No

_____ during the academic

year_______

_____________ ______________

Teacher!s signature "rincipal!s

signature

__________ __________


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Date #chool stamp

Acknowledgem

ent$ o!e a great many than%s to great many people !ho helpe& an&

supporte& me &uring this project.

'y &eepest than%s to lecturer( 'rs. Bulbul( the gui&e o" the project "or

gui&ing an& correcting my )arious &ocuments !ith attention an& care. She

has ta%en pain to go through the project an& ma%e correction as an& !hennee&e&.

$ e*press my than%s to principle ma+am( 'rs. ,njali Bo!en "or e*ten&ing

her support.


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Index10 hat is a cigarette#

20 Smo%ing.

30 o! smo%ing a""ects your health#

40 hysical ,&&iction.

0 Si&e e""ects o" smo%ing.

50 o! to -uit smo%ing#

60 Case stu&y.

70 Re"erence.


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What is acigarette?

, cigarette is a small roll o" "inely cut tobacco lea)es !rappe& in a cylin&er

o" thin paper "or smo%ing. The cigarette is ignite& at one en& an& allo!e&

to smoul&er8 its smo%e is inhale& "rom the other en&( !hich is hel& in or tothe mouth an& in some cases a cigarette hol&er may be use& as !ell. 'ost

mo&ern manu"acture& cigarettes are "iltere& an& inclu&e reconstitute&

tobacco an& other a&&iti)es.

The term cigarette( commonly use&( re"ers to a tobacco cigarette but can

apply to similar &e)ices containing other herbs( such as clo)es or cannabis.

, cigarette is &istinguishe& "rom a cigar by its smaller si9e( use o"

processe& lea"( an& paper !rapping( !hich is normally !hite( though other

colors are occasionally a)ailable. Cigars are typically compose& entirely o"

!holelea" tobacco.

Rates o" cigarette smo%ing )ary !i&ely( an& ha)e change& consi&erably

o)er the course o" history since cigarettes !ere "irst !i&ely use& in the

mi&2;th century. hile rates o" smo%ing ha)e o)er time le)ele& o"" or

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobaccohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smokinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhalationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigarette_holderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigarette_filterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_additives_in_cigaretteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smokinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhalationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigarette_holderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigarette_filterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_additives_in_cigaretteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobacco


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&ecline& in the &e)elope& !orl&( they continue to rise in &e)eloping

nations.

Cigarettes li%e other tobacco pro&ucts &o carry serious health e""ects !ith

them. Nicotine( the primary psychoacti)e chemical in tobacco an& there"orecigarettes( is a&&icti)e. ,bout hal" o" cigarette smo%ers &ie o" tobacco

relate& &isease an& lose on a)erage 14 years o" li"e. Cigarette use by

pregnant !omen has also been sho!n to cause birth &e"ects( inclu&ing

mental an& physical &isabilities.

Smoking$n the early times( people coul& buy cigarettes an& smo%e pretty much

any!here < e)en in hospitals= ,&s "or cigarettes !ere all o)er the place.

To&ay !e>re more a!are about ho! ba& smo%ing is "or our health. Smo%ing

is restricte& or banne& in almost all public places an& cigarette companies

are no longer allo!e& to a&)ertise on T?( ra&io( an& in many maga9ines.

,lmost e)eryone %no!s that smo%ing causes cancer( emphysema( an&

heart &isease8 that it can shorten your li"e by 1; years or more8 an& that the

habit can cost a smo%er thousan&s o" &ollars a year. So ho! come people

are still lighting up# The ans!er( in a !or&( is a&&iction.

Once You Start, It's Hard to Stop.

Smo%ing is a har& habit to brea% because tobacco contains nicotine( !hich

is highly a&&icti)e. @i%e heroin or other a&&icti)e &rugs( the bo&y an& min&

-uic%ly become so use& to the nicotine in cigarettes that a person nee&s to

ha)e it just to "eel normal.

eople start smo%ing "or a )ariety o" &i""erent reasons. Some thin% it loo%s

cool. Athers start because their "amily members or "rien&s smo%e.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_Worldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developing_Worldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developing_Worldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_dependencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birth_defectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_Worldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developing_Worldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developing_Worldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_dependencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birth_defects


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Statistics sho! that about out o" 1; tobacco user+s start be"ore they>re 17

years ol&. 'ost a&ults !ho starte& smo%ing in their teens ne)er e*pecte& to

become a&&icte&. That>s !hy people say it>s just so much easier to not start

smo%ing at all.

How smoking

aects yourhealth?

There are no physical reasons to start smo%ing. The bo&y &oesn>t nee&

tobacco the !ay it nee&s "oo&( !ater( sleep( an& e*ercise. ,n& many o" the

chemicals in cigarettes( li%e nicotine an& cyani&e( are actually poisons thatcan %ill in high enough &oses.

The bo&y is smart. $t goes on the &e"ense !hen it>s being poisone&. irst

time smo%ers o"ten "eel pain or burning in the throat an& lungs( an& some

people "eel sic% or e)en thro! up the "irst "e! times they try tobacco.


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The conse-uences o" this poisoning happen gra&ually. A)er the long term(smo%ing lea&s people to &e)elop health problems li%e heart &isease(

stro%e( emphysema( an& many types o" cancer inclu&ing lung( throat(

stomach( an& bla&&er cancer. eople !ho smo%e also ha)e an increase&

ris% o" in"ections li%e bronchitis an& pneumonia.

These &iseases limit a person>s ability to be normally acti)e( an& they can

be "atal.


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Smo%ers not only &e)elop !rin%les an& yello! teeth( they also lose bone

&ensity( !hich increases their ris% o" osteoporosis( a con&ition that causes

ol&er people to become bent o)er an& their bones to brea% more easily.

Smo%ers also ten& to be less acti)e than nonsmo%ers because smo%ing

a""ects lung po!er.

Smo%ing can also cause "ertility problems an& can impact se*ual health in

both men an& !omen. Dirls !ho are on the pill or other hormonebase&

metho&s o" birth control increase their ris% o" serious health problems( such

as heart attac%s( i" they smo%e.

The conse-uences o" smo%ing may seem )ery "ar o""( but longterm health

problems aren>t the only ha9ar& o" smo%ing. Nicotine an& the other to*ins in

cigarettes( cigars( an& pipes can a""ect a person>s bo&y -uic%ly( !hich

means that teen smo%ers e*perience many o" these problems:

• Bad skin. Because smo%ing restricts bloo& )essels( it can pre)ent

o*ygen an& nutrients "rom getting to the s%in !hich is !hy smo%erso"ten appear pale an& unhealthy. Stu&ies ha)e also lin%e& smo%ing to anincrease& ris% o" getting a type o" s%in rash calle& psoriasis.

• Bad breath. Cigarettes lea)e smo%ers !ith a con&ition calle&

halitosis( or persistent ba& breath.

• Bad-smelling clothes and hair. The smell o" stale smo%e ten&s to

linger not just on people>s clothing( but on their hair( "urniture( an& cars. ,n& it>s o"ten har& to get the smell o" smo%e out.

• Reduced athletic performance. eople !ho smo%e usually can>t

compete !ith nonsmo%ing peers because the physical e""ects o" smo%ingimpair sports per"ormance.

• reater risk of in!ur" and slo#er healing time. Smo%ing a""ects the

bo&y>s ability to pro&uce collagen( so common sports injuries( such as&amage to ten&ons an& ligaments !ill heal more slo!ly in smo%ers thannonsmo%ers.

• Increased risk of illness. Stu&ies sho! that smo%ers get more

col&s( "lu( bronchitis( an& pneumonia than nonsmo%ers. ,n& people !ith


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certain health con&itions( li%e asthma( become sic%er i" they smo%ebecause teens !ho smo%e as a !ay to manage !eight o"ten light upinstea& o" eating( their bo&ies also lac% the nutrients they nee& to gro!(&e)elop( an& "ight o"" illness properly.

• Immune $ells. Smo%ing !ea%ens the immune system by &epressing

antibo&ies an& cells that are in the bo&y to protect against "oreignin)a&ers. There is an association bet!een smo%ing an& the increase&inci&ence o" certain malignant &iseases an& respiratory in"ections(accor&ing to the National Center "or Biotechnology $n"ormation ENCB$0.There is also a signi"icant &ecrease in immune cells that normally helpthe bo&y. But this process can be re)erse& i" a smo%er gi)es upcigarettes. Smo%ers !ho stop sho! increase& le)els o" natural %iller cellENF0 acti)ity that targets cancerous cells in the bo&y.

• Infections. 'any cancercausing chemicals "rom cigarette smo%e

tra)el throughout a smo%er>s bloo&stream to reach the organs o" thebo&y an& &amage the immune response. Carbon mono*i&e is carrie&through the bo&y by smo%e( inter"ering !ith o*ygen le)els. @ess o*ygenreaches the brain( heart( muscles an& other organs. @ung "unction isre&uce& because o" the narro!ing o" the lung air!ays an& e*cess mucusin the lungs. @ung irritation an& &amage result "rom in)a&ing substances(lea&ing to lung in"ection. Bloo& pressure an& heart rate are a""ecte&

negati)ely by smo%ing chemicals carrie& through the bloo&. The immunesystem &oes not !or% as !ell an& smo%ers become more prone toin"ections( such as pneumonia an& in"luen9a. $t ta%es smo%ers longerthan nonsmo%ers to get o)er illnesses.

• %ung &issue. Smo%ing can cause the bo&y>s immune system to

attac% lung tissue an& result in se)ere respiratory &isor&ers( accor&ing toresearch at the Gni)ersity o" Cincinnati( Ahio. ealth scientists e*amine&mice to stu&y the lin% bet!een cigarette e*posure( the immune system

an& chronic obstructi)e pulmonary &isor&er ECAH0( a serious lung&isease characteri9e& by emphysema an& se)ere in"lammation o" thelung tissue. ,"ter lung cells !ere &amage& "rom cigarette smo%e in thelab research( the cells signale& the immune system !hen the &amage&cells nee&e& to be &estroye&. The research sho!s that smo%ing actuallyacti)ates certain parts o" the immune system( !hich !or%s against thelungs an& attac%s the tissue8 it !as reporte& in the 'arch 2;; issue o"


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the IJournal o" Clinical $n)estigation.I The researchers "oun& a strongcorrelation bet!een cellular stress signals( acti)ation o" the immunesystem an& &e)elopment o" &iseases similar to CAH.

Researchers compare& the results !ith tissue samples "rom humans !hoinclu&e& nonsmo%ers( smo%ers !ith CAH an& smo%ers !ho &i& notha)e CAH. They "oun& that patients !ho ha& ne)er smo%e& ha& notrace o" the lung cells that triggere& the immune system to attac% lungtissue. Current an& "ormer smo%ers !ho &e)elope& the &isease ha&e)i&ence o" those lung signals.

PhysicalAddiction

Being physically a&&icte& means a person>s bo&y actually becomes

&epen&ent on a particular substance Ee)en smo%ing is physically a&&icti)e0.

$t also means buil&ing tolerance to that substance( so that a person nee&s

a larger &ose than e)er be"ore to get the same e""ects.

Someone !ho is physically a&&icte& an& stops using a substance li%e

&rugs( alcohol( or cigarettes may e*perience !ith&ra!al symptoms.


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Common symptoms o" !ith&ra!al are &iarrhea( sha%ing( an& generally

"eeling a!"ul.

s"chological (ddiction

sychological a&&iction happens !hen the cra)ings "or a &rug arepsychological or emotional. eople !ho are psychologically a&&icte& "eel

o)ercome by the &esire to ha)e a &rug. They may lie or steal to get it.

, person crosses the line bet!een abuse an& a&&iction !hen he or she is

no longer trying the &rug to ha)e "un or get high( but has come to &epen&

on it. is or her !hole li"e centers on the nee& "or the &rug. ,n a&&icte&

person !hether it>s a physical or psychological a&&iction or both no

longer "eels li%e there is a choice in ta%ing a substance.

Signs of (ddiction

The most ob)ious sign o" an a&&iction is the nee& to ha)e a particular &rug

or substance. o!e)er( many other signs can suggest a possible a&&iction(

such as changes in moo& or !eight loss or gain. EThese also are signs o"

other con&itions too( though( such as &epression or eating &isor&ers.0

Signs that you or someone you %no! may ha)e a cigarette a&&iction

inclu&e:

s"chological signals)

• Gse o" &rugs or alcohol as a !ay to "orget problems or to rela*.

• ith&ra!al or %eeping secrets "rom "amily an& "rien&s.

•

@oss o" interest in acti)ities that use& to be important.• roblems !ith school!or%( such as slipping gra&es or absences.

• Changes in "rien&ships( such as hanging out only !ith "rien&s !ho

use &rugs.

• Spen&ing a lot o" time "iguring out ho! to get cigarette.

• Stealing or selling belongings to be able to a""or& cigarette.

http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/depression.htmlhttp://kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/eat_disorder.htmlhttp://kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/depression.htmlhttp://kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/eat_disorder.html


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• aile& attempts to stop ta%ing cigarette or &rin%ing.

• ,n*iety( anger( or &epression.

• 'oo& s!ings.

h"sical signals)

• Changes in sleeping habits.

• eeling sha%y or sic% !hen trying to stop.

• Nee&ing to ta%e more o" the substance to get the same e""ect.

• Changes in eating habits( inclu&ing !eight loss or gain.

Side eects o

smoking*angers of Smoking #ith +icotine)Ane o" the main &angers o" smo%ing is &ue to Nicotine. Nicotine is "oun&

naturally in tobacco. $t has no o&or an& no color. $t is( ho!e)er( both


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physically an& psychologically a&&icti)e( an& it causes those !ho use it to

!ant to smo%e one cigarette a"ter another.

Nicotine enters the bo&y as tiny &roplets resting on particles o" tar in

cigarette smo%e. $nhale& into the lungs( the &rug passes -uic%ly into thebloo&stream( reaching the brain !ithin about 1; secon&s. $n another to

1; secon&s the nicotine has sprea& to all parts o" the bo&y.

The nicotine raises both the heart rate an& bloo& pressure. The smo%er

-uic%ly "eels more alert an& rela*e&. $n less than 3; minutes( ho!e)er(

about hal" o" the nicotine has le"t the bloo&stream( an& the smo%er starts

"eeling less alert( more e&gy.

So he or she reaches "or another cigarette to get a ne! KhitL o" nicotine.

A)er time( the smo%er starts nee&ing more cigarettes throughout the &ay to

satis"y the cra)ing.

*angers of Smoking #ith &ar)

There are other &angers o" smo%ing as !ell. The tar "rom tobacco smo%e

starts to accumulate on the bronchial tubes lea&ing to the lungs. The hot

smo%e burns the tiny hair li%e projections Ecalle& cilia0 that trap harm"ul

particles be"ore they enter the lungs.

$arbon onoide)

Ane more o" the &angers o" smo%ing are Carbon mono*i&e. Smo%ing also

increases the le)el o" carbon mono*i&e in the lungs. This poisonous gas is

-uic%ly absorbe& into the bloo&( re&ucing its capacity to carry o*ygen.

,s a result( the smo%er has to e*ert more physical e""ort to attain a gi)en

tas% than &oes a nonsmo%er. The heart in particular must !or% har&er(particularly &uring rigorous e*ercise. $ncrease& le)els o" carbon mono*i&e

in the bloo& can impair )ision( perception o" time( an& coor&ination.

Oides of nitrogen)

,nimal e*periments sho!e& that nitrogen o*i&es lungs. $t is belie)e& that


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nitrogen o*i&es are some speci"ic chemicals in tobacco that causes lung

&isease an& e"i9em.

H"drogen c"anide)

The lungs ha)e some hairs Ecilia0 that help to KcleanL lungs by remo)ing the"oreign substances. y&rogen cyani&e pre)ents the &e)elopment process

o" clearing. The substances o" cigarette smo%e remains in the lungs.

(mmonia)

,mmonia is a po!er"ul chemical "oun& in househol& pro&ucts( it is use& to

preser)e human bo&ies in the morgue( !hich is also harm"ul to the lungs.

How to !uit

smoking?There are many &i""erent metho&s that ha)e success"ully helpe& people to

-uit smo%ing( inclu&ing:

• Muitting smo%ing col& tur%ey.


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• Systematically &ecreasing the number o" cigarettes you smo%e.

• Re&ucing your inta%e o" nicotine gra&ually o)er time.

• Gsing nicotine replacement therapy or nonnicotine me&ications to

re&uce !ith&ra!al symptoms.

• Gtili9ing nicotine support groups.• Trying hypnosis( acupuncture( or counseling using cogniti)e

beha)ioral techni-ues.

ou may be success"ul !ith the "irst metho& you try. 'ore li%ely( you+ll ha)e

to try a number o" &i""erent metho&s or a combination o" treatments to "in&

the ones that !or% best "or you.

edication therap"

Smo%ing cessation me&ications can ease !ith&ra!al symptoms an&

re&uce cra)ings( an& are most e""ecti)e !hen use& as part o" a

comprehensi)e stop smo%ing program monitore& by your physician. Tal% to

your &octor about your options an& !hether an antismo%ing me&ication is

right "or you. G.S. oo& an& Hrug ,&ministration EH,0 appro)e& options

are:

+icotine Replacement &herap"

Nicotine replacement therapy in)ol)es IreplacingI cigarettes !ith other

nicotine substitutes( such as nicotine gum or a nicotine patch. $t !or%s by

&eli)ering small an& stea&y &oses o" nicotine into the bo&y to relie)e some

o" the !ith&ra!al symptoms !ithout the tars an& poisonous gases "oun& in

cigarettes. This type o" treatment helps smo%ers "ocus on brea%ing their

psychological a&&iction an& ma%es it easier to concentrate on learning ne!

beha)iors an& coping s%ills.

+on-+icotine edicationThese me&ications help you stop smo%ing by re&ucing cra)ings an&

!ith&ra!al symptoms !ithout the use o" nicotine. 'e&ications such as

Bupropion EOyban or ellbutrin0 an& ?arenicline EChanti*0 are inten&e& "or

shortterm use only.


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Bupropion EOyban or ellbutrin0 is a prescription anti&epressant in an

e*ten&e&release "orm that re&uces symptoms o" nicotine !ith&ra!al. $t

&oes not contain nicotine. This &rug acts on chemicals in the brain that are

relate& to nicotine cra)ing. Bupropion !or%s best i" it is starte& a !ee% or 2

!ee%s be"ore you -uit smo%ing. The usual &osage is one or t!o 1; mgtablets per &ay.

?arenicline EChanti*0 is a ne!er prescription me&icine &e)elope& to help

people stop smo%ing. $t !or%s by inter"ering !ith nicotine receptors in the

brain. This means it has 2 e""ects: it lessens the pleasurable e""ects a

person gets "rom smo%ing( an& it re&uces the symptoms o" nicotine

!ith&ra!al. ?arenicline shoul& be starte& a !ee% be"ore your Muit Hay.

+on-medication therapies

There are se)eral things you can &o to stop smo%ing that &on+t in)ol)e

nicotine replacement therapy or prescription me&ications:

H"pnosis

, popular option that has pro&uce& goo& results. orget anything you may

ha)e seen "rom stage hypnotists( hypnosis !or%s by getting you into a

&eeply rela*e& state !here you are open to suggestions that strengthen

your resol)e to -uit smo%ing an& increase your negati)e "eelings to!ar&

cigarettes. ,s% your &octor to recommen& a -uali"ie& smo%ing cessation

hypnotherapist in your area or re"er to the ,merican Society o" Clinical

ypnosis E,SC0 "or gui&elines on selecting a -uali"ie& pro"essional.

(cupuncture

Ane o" the ol&est %no!n me&ical techni-ues( acupuncture is belie)e& to!or% by triggering the release o" en&orphins Enatural pain relie)ers0 that

allo! the bo&y to rela*. ,s a smo%ing cessation ai&( acupuncture can be

help"ul in managing smo%ing !ith&ra!al symptoms. ,s% your &octor "or a

re"erral or search "or a local practitioner at the ,merican ,ssociation o"

,cupuncture an& Ariental 'e&icine E,,,A'0.

http://asch.net/Public/GeneralInfoonHypnosis/SelectingaQualifiedProfessional/tabid/137/Default.aspxhttp://asch.net/Public/GeneralInfoonHypnosis/SelectingaQualifiedProfessional/tabid/137/Default.aspxhttps://m360.aaaomonline.org/frontend/search.aspx?cs=1127https://m360.aaaomonline.org/frontend/search.aspx?cs=1127http://asch.net/Public/GeneralInfoonHypnosis/SelectingaQualifiedProfessional/tabid/137/Default.aspxhttp://asch.net/Public/GeneralInfoonHypnosis/SelectingaQualifiedProfessional/tabid/137/Default.aspxhttps://m360.aaaomonline.org/frontend/search.aspx?cs=1127https://m360.aaaomonline.org/frontend/search.aspx?cs=1127


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Behaioral &herap"

Nicotine a&&iction is relate& to the habitual beha)iors Ethe KritualsL0 in)ol)e&

in smo%ing. Beha)ior therapy "ocuses on learning ne! coping s%ills an&

brea%ing those habits. The ,merican @ung ,ssociation o""ers a"ree onlinesmo%ing cessation program that "ocuses on beha)ioral change. To "in& a

local beha)ioral therapist( chec% !ith your &octor or search at

the ,ssociation "or Beha)ioral an& Cogniti)e Therapies E,BCT0.

otiational &herapies

Sel"help boo%s an& !ebsites can pro)i&e a number o" !ays to moti)ate

you to -uit smo%ing. Ane !ell %no!n e*ample is calculating the monetary

sa)ings. Some people ha)e been able to "in& the moti)ation to -uit just by

calculating ho! much money they !ill sa)e a"ter they -uit. $t may be

enough to pay "or a summer )acation.

/ilters

ilters that re&uce tar an& nicotine in cigarettes &o not !or%. $n "act( stu&ies

ha)e sho!n that smo%ers !ho use "ilters ten& to smo%e more.

Smoking deterrents

Ather metho&s ha)e been use& to help stop smo%ing( such as o)erthe

counter pro&ucts that change the taste o" tobacco( stopsmo%ing &iets that

curb nicotine cra)ings( an& combinations o" )itamins. ,t this time there is

little scienti"ic e)i&ence that any o" these !or%.

Case study0I1 Basic Information

Name: 'onang atel

https://www.kintera.org/site/apps/kb/home/login.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E&b=38973&membershipreq=83912&targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwhttps://www.kintera.org/site/apps/kb/home/login.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E&b=38973&membershipreq=83912&targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwhttp://www.abct.org/Members/?m=FindTherapist&fa=FT_Form&nolm=1https://www.kintera.org/site/apps/kb/home/login.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E&b=38973&membershipreq=83912&targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwhttps://www.kintera.org/site/apps/kb/home/login.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E&b=38973&membershipreq=83912&targetURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwhttp://www.abct.org/Members/?m=FindTherapist&fa=FT_Form&nolm=1


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,ge: 16 years Se*: 'ale

,&&ress: 5;1(5;2 C !ing Shi) Harshan ,pt. Fan&i)ali E0

hone no: 1234567

@anguage: Duajarati Religion: in&u

'arital Status: Gnmarrie& Re" by:

0II1 $hief $omplaints

10 @ac% o" concentration.

20 Hisputes !ith "rien&s.

30 Se)ere hea&aches.

40 Client is a chain smo%er.

0III1 Histor" of present illness 0HI1 2O*3

The client is "acing problems !ith his stu&ies &ue to lac% o" concentration.

But he tries !or%ing on it an& is gra&ually impro)ing. The ne*t problem that

the client is "acing is his &isputes !ith "rien&s. These con"licts al!ays

bother him &ue to !hich he starte& smo%ing. The client starte& smo%ing

a"ter the 1;th st&. boar& e*ams. e starte& using cigarette &ue to peer

pressure an& &epression. Hue to e*cess o" smo%ing the client su""er "rom

se)ere hea&aches.

0I41 s"chiatric histor"

There has been no psychiatric history either in the client or any o" his "amily

members.

041 edical Histor"


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renatal P ostnatal: The client !as a "ull term normal baby. The

milestones !ere per"ect accor&ing to the age.

Social history: The client is enthusiastic an& positi)e about going to ne!

places an& meeting ne! people. e has an un&erstan&ing nature( getseasily attache& to ne! people an& )alues others "eelings. e easily loses

con"i&ence !hile tal%ing to ne! person i" betraye& be"ore by someone else.

04III1 $hildhood histor"

The client !as stubborn &uring his chil&hoo&. e !as al!ays pampere& by

his "amily. e !as a mischie)ous an& naughty stu&ent in his school. The

client ha& a habit o" nail biting.

0I51 6ducational histor"

The client stu&ie& in St. ,nne+s igh School till 1;th st&. No! the client is

in ?arta% College an& has opte& "or science stream. The client ha& been an

a)erage stu&ent in his aca&emics.

051 $urrent liing situation

The client+s current li)ing situation is )ery goo&. e is gi)en all the

amenities that he !ishes "rom his parents.

05I1 *rug and alcohol addiction

The client has smo%ing a&&iction. e starte& smo%ing a"ter the 1;th st&

boar&s. e trie& smo%ing &ue to peer pressure. e &i&n+t li%e smo%ing at

"irst but &ue to peer pressure he %ept trying an& e)entually learne& to lo)e

it. Gsually the client has 1 – 15 cigarettes per &ay. $" he &oesn+t smo%e "or

a &ay( he+ll ha)e a hea&ache as he+s a&&icte& to smo%ing.

The client trie& to stop smo%ing but most o" the "aile& to &o so( cause o" thepeers aroun& him.

Ather than cigarette( the client also has hoo%ah but mostly he+s s!itche& to

smo%ing through cigarettes.

05II1 ental status eamination


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(+,ppearance- Neatly dressed)+.ehavior / "sychomotor activity- 0ell behaved and

all the psychomotor activities were normal

1+,ttitude towards e2aminer- Co3operative'+Mood- There were lots o mood swings4+#peech- Clear and specifc$+"erception- 5ptimistic towards all the situations

provided by the e2aminer

%+5rientation / Memory- "oor memory&+Concentration / ,ttention- 0as getting distracted

and there was lack o concentration

"eerence


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10 !!!.google.com

20 !!!.esmo%ingsi&ee""ects.com

30 !!!.causeso"smo%ing.net

40 http://!!!.helpgui&e.org/mental/-uitQsmo%ingQcessation.htm
http://www.google.com/http://www.esmokingsideeffects.com/http://www.causesofsmoking.net/http://www.helpguide.org/mental/quit_smoking_cessation.htmhttp://www.google.com/http://www.esmokingsideeffects.com/http://www.causesofsmoking.net/http://www.helpguide.org/mental/quit_smoking_cessation.htm

81432176 biology project

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