A Changing A Changing World and Early World and Early

ExplorationExplorationChapter 1, Sections 3 and 4Chapter 1, Sections 3 and 4

The Rise of TradeThe Rise of Trade Between 1 A.D. and 1000 A.D. Between 1 A.D. and 1000 A.D.

Africa and China become world Africa and China become world leaders in trade. leaders in trade.

African Trade GoodsAfrican Trade GoodsGOLDGOLD

African Trade GoodsAfrican Trade GoodsSALTSALT

African Trade GoodsAfrican Trade GoodsIVORYIVORY

Chinese Trade GoodsChinese Trade GoodsSILKSILK

Chinese Trade GoodsChinese Trade GoodsSPICESSPICES

Chinese Trade GoodsChinese Trade GoodsJADEJADE

TRADETRADE Middle East becomes a Middle East becomes a

center of trade.center of trade.

European ReligionsEuropean Religions JudaismJudaism: First major world : First major world

religion that taught monotheism, religion that taught monotheism, belief in one God. People who belief in one God. People who follow the Hebrew Bible and the follow the Hebrew Bible and the teachings of Moses and the Ten teachings of Moses and the Ten Commandments. Commandments.

ChristianityChristianity: monotheistic Belief : monotheistic Belief in a Messiah (Savior) Chosen by in a Messiah (Savior) Chosen by God. Christians believe that Jesus God. Christians believe that Jesus of Nazareth was the Messiah.of Nazareth was the Messiah.

Middle Eastern ReligionMiddle Eastern Religion Islam: emerged on the Arab Islam: emerged on the Arab

peninsula around 600AD. It was peninsula around 600AD. It was founded by Muhammad. Muslims founded by Muhammad. Muslims use the Quran as their sacred use the Quran as their sacred book. Like Christianity and book. Like Christianity and Judaism, followers of Islam Judaism, followers of Islam believe that there is only one god. believe that there is only one god.

The growth in trade in the Middle The growth in trade in the Middle East also lead to a rise in Islam.East also lead to a rise in Islam.

Expanding HorizonsExpanding Horizons In 1095, Europeans launched a In 1095, Europeans launched a

series of expeditions known as the series of expeditions known as the Crusades.Crusades.

The Crusades were a European The Crusades were a European Christian attempt to regain the Christian attempt to regain the “Holy Land” (current day Israel) “Holy Land” (current day Israel) from Muslims.from Muslims.

MUSLIM KNIGHTSMUSLIM KNIGHTS

EUROPEAN KNIGHTSEUROPEAN KNIGHTS

Expanding HorizonsExpanding Horizons Additional pictures of the Crusades.Additional pictures of the Crusades.

Expanding HorizonsExpanding Horizons While in the Middle East European While in the Middle East European

soldiers traded with Arab soldiers traded with Arab merchants.merchants.

European soldiers returned home European soldiers returned home and told stories of sugar, silk and and told stories of sugar, silk and other goods from China and India. other goods from China and India.

The Crusades exposed Europe to The Crusades exposed Europe to new ideas, TRADE, and possibilities.new ideas, TRADE, and possibilities.

The Growth of Trade and The Growth of Trade and IdeasIdeas

European merchants realized they European merchants realized they could make a fortune selling goods could make a fortune selling goods from Asia and India. from Asia and India.

European merchants would buy European merchants would buy goods from Arab traders. goods from Arab traders.

Europeans would have to send Europeans would have to send purchased items overland by purchased items overland by caravanscaravans to the Mediterranean Sea to the Mediterranean Sea and then by ships to Italian ports.and then by ships to Italian ports.

Marco PoloMarco Polo One of these merchants was a man One of these merchants was a man

named Marco Polo. In 1271, he set off named Marco Polo. In 1271, he set off from Venice, Italy on a great trek from Venice, Italy on a great trek across Asia to China.across Asia to China.

He traveled to China on camelback. It He traveled to China on camelback. It took him three years to reach China. took him three years to reach China. When he finally reached the palace of When he finally reached the palace of Kublai Khan (emperor of China) he Kublai Khan (emperor of China) he had traveled a total of 7,000 miles. had traveled a total of 7,000 miles.

Marco PoloMarco Polo Picture of a young Marco Polo.Picture of a young Marco Polo.

Marco Polo Marco Polo Why was Marco Polo important to history?Why was Marco Polo important to history? After 17 years Marco Polo returns to After 17 years Marco Polo returns to

Europe. He brings back lavish items such Europe. He brings back lavish items such as silk, cinnamon, spices, and perfumes. as silk, cinnamon, spices, and perfumes.

Europeans instantly fall in love with these Europeans instantly fall in love with these new found Asian treasures. new found Asian treasures.

In 1296 Marco Polo writes a book entitled In 1296 Marco Polo writes a book entitled “Travels” “Travels” which talked about the marvels which talked about the marvels of Asia.of Asia.

Marco PoloMarco PoloMarco Polo’s book Marco Polo’s book “Travels” would later “Travels” would later inspire people such as inspire people such as Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus who would try to find a who would try to find a quicker route to Asia.quicker route to Asia.

The Growth of Trade and The Growth of Trade and IdeasIdeas

Map of the Mediterranean SeaMap of the Mediterranean Sea

The Growth of Trade and The Growth of Trade and IdeasIdeas

As the demand for Asian As the demand for Asian goods increased, Europeans goods increased, Europeans began looking for a route to began looking for a route to the East (Asia). the East (Asia).

What would be the benefit of What would be the benefit of finding a new route to Asia?finding a new route to Asia?

The Growth of Trade and The Growth of Trade and IdeasIdeas

Silk RoadSilk Road: 5,000 mile route in : 5,000 mile route in which goods from China would be which goods from China would be sent to the Middle East.sent to the Middle East.

How Precious Goods Got How Precious Goods Got To EuropeTo Europe

The Growth of Trade and The Growth of Trade and IdeasIdeas

So here is the big question: So here is the big question:

How and why did How and why did this type of trade this type of trade

inspire inspire exploration?exploration?

The Growth of Trade and The Growth of Trade and IdeasIdeas

European merchants and monarchs wanted European merchants and monarchs wanted more of the good stuff!more of the good stuff!

European merchants and monarchs wanted European merchants and monarchs wanted to get the good stuff more efficiently! to get the good stuff more efficiently!

European merchants and monarchs wanted European merchants and monarchs wanted to get the good stuff at a cheaper price! to get the good stuff at a cheaper price!

European merchants and monarchs wanted European merchants and monarchs wanted to get filthy stinkin rich!!! to get filthy stinkin rich!!!

RenaissanceRenaissance In the 1300’s Europe In the 1300’s Europe

experienced a experienced a RenaissanceRenaissance. . A A renaissance is a renaissance is a “rebirth” or renewed “rebirth” or renewed interest in classical interest in classical learning.learning.

Because of this Because of this renaissance people renaissance people created new ideas and created new ideas and wanted to learn more wanted to learn more about the world.about the world.

Powerful Nations EmergePowerful Nations Emerge During the 1400’s Europe During the 1400’s Europe

experienced an increase in experienced an increase in population. Merchants and bankers population. Merchants and bankers wanted to extend their business wanted to extend their business through foreign trade.through foreign trade.

New Technology New Technology PrintingPrinting PressPress: :

Allowed information to Allowed information to be communicated be communicated faster and to larger faster and to larger populationspopulations

Astrolabe: allowed sailors to navigate their ships by determining their latitude at sea by measuring the position of the stars.

The Impact of The Impact of Technology Technology

CaravelCaravel:: a ship a ship developed by the developed by the Portuguese. The caravel Portuguese. The caravel had three had three sailssails, was , was faster and could carry faster and could carry more cargomore cargo than previous ships. than previous ships.

Protestant ReformationProtestant Reformation The Protestant Reformation was a move against the The Protestant Reformation was a move against the

Catholic Church.Catholic Church. Many individuals believed the Catholic Church was Many individuals believed the Catholic Church was

becoming becoming corruptcorrupt and sought an alternative way to and sought an alternative way to worship.worship.

The corruption in the Catholic Church was put on display The corruption in the Catholic Church was put on display by by Martin Luther.Martin Luther.

In the 1500’s people had divided ideas about religion. In the 1500’s people had divided ideas about religion. European nations became divided into Catholics and European nations became divided into Catholics and Protestants. Protestants.

Eventually, Spanish and French Catholics would work to Eventually, Spanish and French Catholics would work to spread their faith to Native Americans. spread their faith to Native Americans.

Dutch and English Protestants would establish colonies Dutch and English Protestants would establish colonies along the Atlantic coast in an effort to practice their beliefs along the Atlantic coast in an effort to practice their beliefs in peace.in peace.

Protestant ReformationProtestant Reformation Martin LutherMartin Luther

Powerful Nations EmergePowerful Nations EmergeBy 1400 strong monarchs By 1400 strong monarchs (kings and queens) come into (kings and queens) come into power in Spain, Portugal, power in Spain, Portugal, England and France.England and France.

Kings and Queens wanted to Kings and Queens wanted to increase their land holding.increase their land holding.

Seeking New Trade Seeking New Trade RoutesRoutes

Interesting Information: The maps Interesting Information: The maps that Christopher Columbus and that Christopher Columbus and other early European explorers used other early European explorers used did not include America. At this did not include America. At this time they did not realize that North time they did not realize that North America and South America even America and South America even existed. Early maps showed only existed. Early maps showed only three continents; Europe, Asia and three continents; Europe, Asia and Africa.Africa.

Seeking New Trade Seeking New Trade Routes Routes

Portugal was the first European Portugal was the first European country to explore the boundaries of country to explore the boundaries of the known world. the known world.

The country’s The country’s rulers wanted to find a rulers wanted to find a new route to China and India. new route to China and India.

In addition, European countries, such In addition, European countries, such as Portugal, began sending ships as Portugal, began sending ships around the west coast of Africa.around the west coast of Africa.

Early Early Portuguese Portuguese ExpeditionsExpeditions

Bartolomeu Dias: was the first Bartolomeu Dias: was the first individual to sail around the individual to sail around the southern tip of Africa.southern tip of Africa.

Vasco da Gama: Da Gama sailed Vasco da Gama: Da Gama sailed around the coast of Africa and around the coast of Africa and eventually found an eastern sea eventually found an eastern sea route to Asiaroute to Asia

Early Portuguese Early Portuguese ExpeditionsExpeditions

The path of Vasco Da GamaThe path of Vasco Da Gama