a wee bit about cells…. some stuff you need to know…
TRANSCRIPT
A WEE BITAbout CELLS….
Some stuff youNEED to know…
The Cell Theory
• All living things are MADE up of cells!
Continued…
• Cells are the basic units of structure and function of all living things!
Lastly…
• Cells come from pre-existing cells!
• Remember Redi?
• Maggots Munching Meat
Cells are either:
Cells come in different Shapes
“Square”
“Rectangular”
“Circular”
“Odd…”
Cells come in different Sizes
• Smallest is bacteria
• Largest is nerve cell in giraffe’s neck
Plant Cell Organelles you NEED to KNOW!
• Cell Wall• Cell Membrane (aka Plasma Membrane)• Chloroplasts• Nucleus• Cytoplasm• Ribosomes• Mitochondria• Vacuoles
Animal Cell Organellesyou NEED to KNOW
• Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane)• Nucleus• Cytoplasm• Ribosome• Mitochondria• Lysosome• Vacuoles• Centrioles
Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Nucleus
• Control Center of Cell • The “Brain” of the cell
• Houses Chromosomes (genetic code) which instruct all cell activities• Instructions for STRANGER-C
• Surrounded by Nuclear Membrane
• Contains Nucleolus• Which produces rRNA / Ribosomes
Cell Membrane (aka Plasma Membrane)
• Surrounds Cytoplasm• Found in EVERY cell!
• Controls what enters and leaves cell• Has NO control over water, gases, glucose
• Made of a lipid bi-layer with proteins floating in it and carbohydrate chains stuck on the outside of it
Cytoplasm
• Jelly-like “goo” inside the cell membrane• Found in EVERY cell!
• Cushions and protects other organelles
• Always moving (streaming) in order to move materials around the cell
Ribosome
• Organelle responsible for protein synthesis• Reads genetic code (RNA) to produce the type of protein
needed at that moment
Mitochondria
• “Powerhouse” of the cell
• Organelle responsible for cell respiration (energy production)• Changes glucose into ATP
• Mighty Mitochondria makes energy, Mighty Mitochondria makes ATP
Vacuole
• Storage area
• Plant cells have one or two large vacuoles to store water
• Animal cells have many small vacuoles to store food, waste, water…
Chloroplast
• Organelle responsible for photosynthesis
• Found in plants in green algae
• Contain the pigment Chlorophyll
• Capture sunlight (solar energy) and store it in the bonds of glucose
Cell Wall
• Non-living, protective barrier surrounding plant cells• Made of Cellulose (a sugar)
• Gives support and structure to plants
Lysosome
• Organelle filled with digestive chemicals (enzymes)• Destroys unwanted material
• “Lys” = “Destroy”
• Found only in Animal cells
Centriole
• Organelle which helps with cell division (cell reproduction)• The “Spider-man” of the cell
• Found only in Animal cells
As for the others…
• Ribosomes make ‘em
• ER takes ‘em• ER=Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Golgi packs and stacks
• What is this referring to?????
A video to help you remember…
Cell Structure Video