academic publishing in the philippines.pdf

7/27/2019 Academic Publishing in the Philippines.pdf

1/16

Academic Publishing in the Philippinesby Esther M. Pacheco

OriginsIf one would reason that the first grammars, histories, and dictionaries of thelocal languages constituted scholarly or academic books because they wereprinted in the interest of scholarship and for a specialized audience, then thebeginning of academic publishing in the Philippines can be traced to theseventeenth century, the early years of Spanish rule in the country. LeopoldoYabes, however, argues that serious scholarship could not have begun beforethe middle of the nineteenth century, when writers like Francisco Baltazarsatirized and criticized the ruling powers. Before then, Church influence wasso strong, thinking became uniform, unorthodox ideas were condemned, andoriginal scholarship was non-existent 2

Some of the books during the early Spanish regime were1 . religious instructions - Libro de las excelencias del Rosario en lenguaTagala (1602) , Mem oria l de la Vida Crist iana e n Lengua China (1606), Librod e 10s Sacramentos (1607) , Libr ong P inagpapa lamunan y to Nang Aa l i s anN an g T ay ong Cr is tiano (1 608);2 . * grammars and dictionaries - Librong Pagara lan Na ng Manga TagalogN a n g Uicang Cas ti la (a bilingual language book printed in 1610), VocabularioTagalog (1613) , Vocabular io apon (1630);3 . histories printed by Jesuits, Franciscans and Dominicans - H isto ria d e ZasIs las Arch ipe lago , y Reyno de la Gran China , Tar tar ia , Conchinch inna ,Malaca , S ian , Cam box a y J ap on (1599), Re la cio n d e las Islas Filipinas (1604) ,Histor ia de la Provincia del Santo Rosario de la Orden de Predicadores enFilipinas,J a p o n y China (1640).

Many of the books were printed in the first printing press set up in thePhilippines - t the University of Santo Tomas (nowknown as the UST Press),


2/16

ACADEMIC PUBLISHING IN T HE PHILIPPINES 41

which had been transferred there in 1616 from the house of Juan de Vera, aChinese Christian convert. The same Juan de Vera had set up the first printingpress in 1602 at his house and had earlier, in 1593, published the first book inthe Philippines - the Doctrina Christiuna. It was a religious handbook inSpanish and Tagalog (one of the major vernaculars in the country). De Veraused the ancient method of printing by xylography, or block printing.

Tomas Pinpin, a native Filipino from Bulacan, took over themanagement of the first printery from 1610 to 1639, and within this period,printed fourteen books. Pinpin is considered the father of Filipino printers.

After the opening of Manila to foreign trade in 1785, scientific missionsarrived in the Philippines, the most outstanding of which was Antonio Pinedasin 1789. From Pinedas extensive study of Philippine flora, a monumental bookwas published - Flora de Filipinas Segun el Sistema Sexual de Linneo (TheFlora of the Philippines According to the Linnean System). The press at SantoTomas took twelve years to print the book, using lithography for the flatsillustrating the different types of Philippine flora 4

In the 1800s criticism of the Spanish regime began and found its floweringtoward the end of the century with the birth of the Reform Movement in thecolonized Philippines. The newspaper La So l idar idad , founded in 1889,carried the writings of the Filipinos best nationalist writers.

At the turn of the century, when the Americans took over from theSpaniards as colonizers, the Filipinos took to learning a new language and weresoon publishing in English. Not very long after, regular scholarly journalsappeared on the scene, many of them continuing to this day. Among the firstones of these were the Phil ippine Journal of Science (1906) of the Bureau ofScience, Unitus (1922) of the University of Santo Tomas, and the University ofthe Philippines Philip pine Social Sciences Revi ew (1929), its name later to bechanged to Phil ippine Social Science and Humanit ies Review. Scholarlyjournals have continued to grow in number and variety, as will be gleanedfrom the partial listing of journals at the end of this paper.

The growth of journals was not matched in scholarly book and in tertiary-level textbook publishing. A survey of serious books published from1900- 1935 and now in the University of the Philippines Library showed onlyabout a dozen titles. The number grew to about one a year before World WarI1 to about 15 each year today. Registered in the Copyright Office for the years1970 to 1974 were some 70 titles. Today, more scholarly books are beingproduced each year than in the first thirty years of the American Oc~ upa t ion .~Still, as of the 1980s, scholarly books constitute only about 5 percent of totallocal book production. Neither is the state of locally authored tertiary-level


3/16

A C A D EM I C PUBLISHING IN A S E A N42

textbooks very bright: most of the books used in tertiary-level education todayare still foreign books.Objectives

Judging by the nature of the books that have been produced by academicpublishers since the American Occupation in the 19OOs, and surveying theneeds of the Philippine academic community today, we can put forth thefollowing objectives of academic publishing:1.2 .3 .4.

T o disseminate the works of scholars for other scholars;To encourage the production of books by scholars for the educatedgeneral reader;To spur the production of tertiary-level textbooks written by localauthors; andTo aid in the publication of the enduring works of Philippine literature,especially those that are needed by students in colleges and universities.

Academ ic Publ ishers Tod aySeveral entities carry out the task of academic publishing in the

Philippines: university presses, college - and university-related institutes,government and private foundations, and certain commercial publishers 6

Enumerated below are regular publishers who are engaged in ongoingacademic book publishing programmes. Even those with a minimal outputhave been included in the list.7University Presses

Although there are some 70 universities in the Philippines, only 3 haveorganized university presses that pursue publishing programmes - Ateneo deManila, De La Salle, and the University of the Philippines.'

Ateneo de Manila University Press, which was founded in 1972, publishesacademic works of Philippine content for local and international intent. It nowhas some 80 titles on its backlist under its three publishing programmes:scholarly books, textbooks, and literary works. It also publishes a scholarlyjournal, Philippine Studies, one of the oldest continuing journals in thecountry. Its distribution of books has experienced an upswing in the past fiveyears, prompting it to reprint many of the titles put out in the past eight years.

The De La Salle University Press, founded only in 1983 , has put out twoscholarly books on literary criticism and six monographs in the naturalsciences.


4/16

ACADEMIC PUBLISHING IN TH E PHILIPPINES 43The third university press, the University of the Philippines Press,

founded in 1965 , aims to provide a concrete and deliberately conceivedfacility for the encouragement, publication, and dissemination of scholarly,creative and scientific volumes, monographs and tracts which commercialpublishers would not ordinarily undertake to p~blish.~The Press now hassome sixty titles on its backlist. These cover the fields of the sciences and thehumanities. The Press operates its own printery and has typesetting facilities.University- or College-Related Research Centers

These centers put out regular monographs or an occasional papers series.I will mention only the most prominent of these.

The University of San Carlos (Cebu City) has, through its PublicationsOffice, released since 1964 a total of 20 books and monographs, plus twoscholarly journals, Phil ippine Quarterly of Cul ture and Soc iety , and Phil ippineScientist . Its Cebu Studies Center and Maguindanao Studies Center put outoccasional monographs on the cultures of the Cebuanos and Maguindanaos(both important ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippine South).The Divine Word University in Tacloban City, through its PublicationsOffice (begun in 1967) has to date put out some 21 titles in the areas of socialsciences, literature, and philosophy. It also publishes a scholarly journal,L e y t e - S a m a r S t u d ie s .

The Asian Center, established as the Institute of Asian Studies in 1955(assuming its present name in 1968) , is part of the University of the PhilippinesSystem. It also encompasses the Islamic Studies Center. The Center has, todate, put out occasional papers ( 4 titles), a bibliography series (3 titles), a fieldreport series (2 titles), a monograph series (5 titles), and books (6 titles) - all ofa cultural an d intellectual interest in Asia. The Center also publishes ajournal, Asian S tudies .

The Third World Studies Center, University of the Philippines, has justbegun putting out social science monographs focused on the Philippines as aThird World country undergoing the many effects of neocolonization.

The Institute of Philippine Culture (Atteneo de Manila University), whichwas established in 1960 , has been responsible for putting out not only somedistinplished titles in social science but also an oft-reprinted bestselling series,the IPC Papers . Concentrating on social science research studies on thePhilippines, the Institute has published some 25 titles to date.


5/16

4 4 ACADEMIC P UBLISH ING IN A S E A N

Foundations and Government PublishersThe publishers mentioned here derive financing from either private

philanthropy or government funds for the academic books they publish.Filipinas Foundation, Inc. puts out research-based books of high

production quality. Its publishing programme, begun in 1973 , has producedsome 30 books on Philippine culture, history and ar t.

Foundation for Nationalist Studies, headed by the eminent NationalistHistorian-Writer Renato Constantino, publishes nationalist-oriented,research-based books. Since 1978 , when it started publishing, the Center hasput out 12 titles in history, economics, and social science. Many of these havebeen bestsellers that have seen many reprints. They have been very influentialon the thinking of the current generation of young adults.

National Historical Institute (NHI), a government bureau, has published,to date, 76 titles on Philippine history. They include all publications of theNational Historical Commission and all other cultural agencies the NHIabsorbed when it was created in 1972 .

The Historical Conservation Society, a private foundation, occasionallypublishes well-research studies on Philippine history.

Development Academy Press, the publishing arm of, the governmentsDevelopment Academy of the Philippines (established to give developmentalassistance mainly to public enterprises through management consultancies,policy-oriented research and action programmes), has produced some 25 titlessince its creation in 1973 .

National Economic Development Authority (NEDA), a governmentbureau created in 1974 , regularly puts out books on the Philippine economy. Ithas put out some 8 0 - 100 titles, including the Philippine Statistical Yearbook,which has come out yearly since 1974 .

Institute of Labor and Manpower Studies, of the governments Ministry ofLabor and Employment, concentrates on publishing monographs on laborstudies, and puts out a journal, Philippine La bor Remew. Since 1976 , when itbegan publishing, the Institute has put out some 18 academic titles.

Surian ng Wikang Pambansa (Institute of National Language), thegovernment body charged with the development of the national language, isengaged in standardization, research, and lexical elaboration. It puts outorthographies, dictionaries, and publications on the teaching of the nationallanguage.


6/16

ACADEMIC PUBLISHING IN T H E PHILIPPINES 45

Commercial PublishersSome commercial publishers come out occasionally with serious scholarly

books largely as part of the prestige adjunct of their main publishing line.The National Bookstore operates the largest bookstore chain in the

country and runs Cacho Hermanos, one of the oldest printing presses. Itspublishing division, which was established in 1973 , now claims some 40scholarly books and about 300 locally authored college textbooks (in the fieldsof law, medicine, natural and social sciences, business and management,literature, philosophy).

Vera-Reyes, Inc., primarily a high quality printer, also has a smallpublishing section that has produced about a dozen books on Philippine art,history, and culture.

New Day Publishers is an active publisher of Philippine fiction andgeneral books but it has also put out about 100 academic titles since i t wasfounded in 1970 .

Sinagtala Publishers, Inc., founded in 1969 , concentrates on publishingtertiary-level textbooks by local authors in the fields of business, economics,philosophy, and religion. It has some 60 titles on its backlist.

JMC Press (established in 1966), though prirnarily a printing press thatproduces elementary and secondary school textbooks for distribution by itssister company, the Goodwill Bookstore, has also been an active publisher oflocally authored college textbooks in medicine, law, and accounting. Thesenumber about 70 .Major Markets and Funding Arrangements

Academic books find their primary markets in various libraries - theNational Librarys 4 90 provincial, municipal, and village branches all over thecountry, in specialized libraries, and in private and public college anduniversity libraries. These books are also bought by individual scholars -mostly professors in the institutions of higher learning, teachers and studentsboth at the graduate and undergraduate programmes. Average print runs of2,000 copies of specialized Filipiniana take an average of 3 to 5 years to sell,unless they are adopted by large universities, which could result in sales of5,000- 10 ,000 copiedyear.Most books are sold locally. Only Ateneo de Manila University Press, NewDay Publishers, Sinagtala, Vera Reyes, and the University of the PhilippinesPress sell a large part of their print runs abroad - mostly in the U.S.A. Almostall of the academic publishers have their books stocked by local booksellers


7/16

ACADE M I C PUB L I S H I NG IN A S E A N46

who readily display these books as Filipiniana.Funding of specialized scholarly books is undertaken mainly byfoundations and by universities which give subsidies for scholarly books andwhich may advance capital for textbooks. Commercial publishers usually losemoney on the specialized prestige books they put out, and they must pay thecost of the money (interest rates are currently over 20% per year [they havebeen going down, but are still about 25% in fact]) they sink into collegetextbooks. Commercial publishers normally have other profitable lines likeelementary and secondary school books and general books, and returns fromthese lines subsidize scholarly books. In order to put out their publications,some university-related institutes have obtained grants from WesternEuropean funding agencies and such agencies as the Ford Foundation andUnesco.

There is a smaller market for scholarly journals since their even morespecialized content make them saleable only to the professionals in the field.Well over 95 percent of journals print less than a thousand copies (most printonly an average of 500 copies). The professional journals in the social sciences(for psychologists, economists, sociologists, historians, statisticians,geographers) have, in recent years, been doing better because they enjoysubsidies from the governments National Science Development Boardadministered through the Philippine Social Science Council (which marketsthe journals). All journals lose money except those that are financed by facultyand graduate students fees for university publications.Language and Academic Publishing

The Philippine Bilingual Policy promulgated in 1974 stipulates thatEnglish shall be the medium of instruction in every grade of elementary andsecondary schools for English, mathematics, and science, and that the nationallanguage (Pilipino) shall be the medium for all other academic subjects. Onthe college level, the Ministry requires that every student must finish at least 6academic units in Pilipino before he is allowed to graduate. The policy isdesigned to inculcate cultural consciousness through the common linguisticdenominator of Pilipino. Writer N.V.M. Gonzales describes this as the NewSocietys priority in locating a pathway to its traditional womb .lo

The bilingual policy and the growing popularity of Pilipino have broughtabout not only fervid activity in preparing and producing teaching materials inPilipino for elementary and secondary schools, but have spurred collegeteachers and scholars to engage in authoring not only tertiary-level textbooksbut also scholarly studies in Pilipino - something unheard of in earlier


8/16

A C A D EM I C PUBLISHING IN TH E PHILIPPINES 47decades. The Ateneo de Manila University Press has pioneered the publishingof serious works in Pilipino. It has, in the past several years, published at leastthree scholarly titles in Pilipino - all in literary history and criticism. ThePress has also regularly put out outstanding literary works in Pilipino - manyof which are now being used by scholars, teachers, and tertiary-level studentsin their study of Philippine literature. The countrys three university pressesare now discussing a cooperative publishing project that will boost Ateneosefforts in this area: the republication or publication of the best of thePhilippines literary works in all genres, including their translation into thenational language if they are written in another language (be it Spanish,English, or one of the several other Philippine languages).

The increasing use of Pilipino in academic publishing not only helps inthe national effort to attain a linguistic symbol of nationhood (an effortfraught with regionalistic and ethnic conflicts) but also in the earnestcontemporary attempts to intellectualize the language. Furthermore, if thecurrent endeavors to bring about greater competence in the national languagesucceed, more books will have better chances of being published in Pilipino, asgreater numbers of people will read and buy those books in a language whichthey can more readily understand and identify with.

Publishing in Pilipino, however, has one big disadvantage for thepublisher, the author, and the prospective reader: the language automaticallyexcludes from the market the non-Filipino academic and scholar. And this istrue even in the Philippines, where the majority of academics are not yetcompetent enough in Pilipino to read and write scholarly works in thelanguage. Most of them have been educated in English, which was introducedas the medium of instruction in schools and as the language of commerce andgovernment when the Americans colonised the Philippines in the early 1900s.Most academics, therefore, for most purposes are not literate in Pilipino andexpress themselves best in English or in another of the Philippine languages. Asolution would, of course, be the translation of scholarly works into anothermore widely used language like English. But translation costs would beenormous in terms of time, effort and money -- which would render thepublishing project impracticable.

Despite the enormous difficulties involved in translation and in theabsence of any organized effort to overcome the lack of educational materialsin Pilipino, some limited but significant efforts have been accomplished intranslation work. There is the work of the Summer Institute of Linguistics(SIL) which, in 1953 , began a programme to translate the Bible into variousPhilippine minority languages. Today it has translated the New Testamentinto 22 minor languages and produced dictionaries for several languages - 6


9/16

48 ACADEMIC PUBLISHING I N A S E A N

published, and the rest on microfiche. Another project is the one-man effort ofPlaywright Roland0 Tinio of Teatro Pilipino (Filipino Theater), who has notonly translated into Pilipino two full operas - La Tramuta and M a d a m eBut te r f l y - but also some 40 plays of significant European playwrights, likeShakespeare, Chekov, and Bernard Shaw. A t the Ateno de Manila University,the philosophy department has produced in short-run editions translations ofworks of certain Greek and French philosophers. At the University of thePhilippines, the Department of Psychology publishes research in Pilipino,while actively supporting the Surian ng Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Institute ofFilipino Psychology), which publishes psychology monographs and textbooksin Pilipino.The Problems

Many problems bedevil academic publishing in the Philippines - someunique to the nature of the works published, and some traceable to theproblems of the publishing industry of which it is part.

There is a great lack of funds for publishing academic books, especially atthis time when the country is experiencing a national economic crisis.Production of those scholarly books meant for a very specialized audience ofscholars is expected to diminish, since universities (the great majority of whichare wholly dependent on tuition for their income) are slowly witnessing theerosion of their funds. In the next five years, the problem is foreseen to escalateyet further.

Another problem is the spiralling of production costs and subsequenthigher list prices. This could result not only in limiting the number of titles andthe quantity of academic books to be published but also in the furthershrinking of an already small market. A major component of high productioncosts is paper, which is produced locally but which costs more than twice thatof foreign paper. Imported paper is practically banned because of the tightsupply of foreign exchange.

There is a great lack of professional managers, editors, designers, andproduction personnel. Editors, especially of scholarly journals, need somebasics on publishing management and economics; furthermore, they oftenlack the professional appreciation for well-designed and well-produced booksand periodicals.The lack of readable, well-planned, and interestingly written scholarlymanuscripts is another big problem. Books derived from such manuscriptswould be more saleable and therefore not only serve more readers but also earnmore revenue for the publishing houses. Basically, the problem can be reduced


10/16

A C A D E M IC P U B L I S H I N G I N T H E P H I L IP P IN E S 49

to the lack of competent academic authors.All books, including academic books, have a very depressed market not

only because of the absence of effective reading consciousness but also becauseof the generally low income among academics and the people in general.

The academic journals frequently suffer from infrequent appearance notonly because of dwindling funds, but also because of inefficient management.

The absence of an efficient nationwide distribution network for booksremains a grave problem. There is a dearth of bookshops in practically allparts of the country outside of Metro Manila. Compounding the problem is theinadequate transportation and postal facilities for wide distribution in anarchipelago made up of 7,000 islands.

These problems, which appear to have no solutions in sight for the nextfive years, are expected to escalate even further while the country undergoesgreat national economic downtrends. A bright note, however, has surfacedwith the diminishing supply of foreign exchange: instead of buying foreignbooks, libraries now use their funds for purchasing more local academic books.

Special or Innovative Arrangem entsSome academic publishing houses have entered into special agreements

that result in wider dissemination of their books.The Ateneo de Manila University Press has been actively pursuing

copublications with foreign scholarly p,ublishers. In the past four years it hascopublished with Ohio University Press, Allen and Unwin, the Asian StudiesAssociation of Australia, the University of Hawaii Press, the University ofWashington Press, the University of California Press, Yale Asian StudiesCouncil, and the Oxford University Press at Kuala Lunipur. All its other booksin English are exclusively distributed in the U.S.A. by Cellar Bookshop, aspecialist bookshop on Filipiniana.

The University of the Philippines Press has a contract giving theUniversity of Hawaii Press exclusive rights to distribute all its titles outside thePhilippines.

Sinagtala Publishers, Inc. has entered into barter arrangements withcertain European publishers whereby Sinagtala sells a certain number of copiesof a title in exchange for a certain number of copies of a title from its Europeancounterpart. This innovative arrangement bypasses the difficulties arisingfrom the scarcity of foreign exchange that the Philippines is currentlyexperiencing.

The National Library gives special help to academic publishers byspecifically setting aside a large part of its purchasing budget for buying 100


11/16

50 ACADEM IC PUBLISHING IN ASEAN

copies (it used to be 300 - 400 copies) of any significant scholarly title on thePhilippines. Many of these books are sent to its many branches outside Manila.The Fund for Assistance to Private Education (FAPE) gives private college

and university libraries an incentive to buy local scholarly titles by subsidizing alibrary up to P5,OOO annually for the purchase of such books, with the librarysetting aside an equal counterpart fund.

The Academic Libraries Book Acquisitions Services Association(ALBASA) passes on to its library-members the savings it obtains by buyingbooks in bulk for these libraries.Vera-Reyes, Inc. has recently set up an American branch of its operationsto market Southeast Asian scholarly books. It promises to become an effectivedistributor of Philippine scholarly books.Publicity and Promotions

There are many ways of publicizing books in the Philippines, but thesemeans are poorly exploited by many academic publishers. The many academicjournals provide a varied and ready outlet for reviews of Philippine books, butare not vigorously utilized. Much less use is made of specialized journalsoutside the Philippines. Although the more active academic publish.ers issueregular catalogues and flyers, and issue press releases about new titles, thesmaller publishers more often than not neglect to publicize their titles in thismanner.

Academic books have been given exposure and publicity through localand international book fairs (Frankfurt, Moscow, Singapore, China) andthrough the Book Development Association of the Philippines (BDAP), towhich most of the academic publishers belong. This exposure has resulted inactual sales and in greater publicity.

Several Book Awards exist to encourage excellence in content and inp.roduction. There are (1) the Gintong Aklut (Golden Book) Award of theBook Development Association of the Philippines (BDAP), which considers thebook in its totality - content and relevance, writing and editing, design,printing and binding; (2 ) the National Book Awards, which are based solely oncontent, and are given to authors, not publishers; (3) the Catholic Mass MediaAwards, two categories of which are meant for books in English and inPilipino; and the (4) Palanca Literary Awards, which are given yearly tooutstanding literary pieces in different genres.


12/16

ACADE M I C PUBLISHING IN THE PHIL.IPP1NE.S

Recommendations

51

In order to strengthen Philippine academic publishing and in order tohelp insure that society partakes of its benefits, the following recommendationsare proposed:

1.

2 .

3 .

4.

5.

6 .

7.

8.9.

So that academic presses in the Philippines can get additional funding fortheir books, they should work toward convincing foundations (whichusually support projects other than books) that Philippine scholarly booksare worthy recipients of subsidy.Presses could work toward cutting down on production costs by (a)employing designs that make for economical books, (b) using cheaperpaper; (c) putting out smaller books, as opposed to the typical thickscholarly volumes that deserve to be more tightly written.More interestingly written (and therefore more readable and moresaleable) scholarly books might result if books are planned before they arewritten. Publishers should therefore consider a collaborative effort amongauthors, editors and publishers in planning their books for publicationinstead of relying merely on finished manuscripts that are submitted forpublication.Because of the difficulties of selling scholarly books, scholarly publishersshould explore the possibility of cooperative selling: one publisher or oneagent outside the scholarly publishing circle could act as the main or solesupplier of all scholarly books in the Philippines. This specialized sellingwould not only cut down on overhead costs but also most probably resultin more sales than when individual publishers sell their own titles.State colleges and universities, as well as other centers of advancedstudies, should obtain from the government funds specifically forscholarly books and journals, as well as for developing pioneering tertiary-level textbooks.Institutions of higher learning should provide incentives for meaningfulresearch and for writing college textbooks and scholarly books. Incentivescould take the form of grants and a reduction of teaching loads.The government should take steps to remove or at least reduce taxes onbookpaper meant for scholarly books and delete taxes on the sales ofscholarly books.A national government award for outstanding scholar-writers should beinstituted similar to the one awarded to poets, artists, and inventors.In order to facilitate and improve communication of ideas andinformation on scholarly publishing, academic publishers of the ASEANregion should consider joining the only international scholarly publishers


13/16

52 A C A D E M I C P U B L I S H IN G I N A S E A N

association which pays special attention to the needs of members indeveloping countries - the International Association of ScholarlyPublishers (IASP), which publishes a regular newsletter and organizesseminars and workshops (one was held in New Delhi, in conjunction withthe World Book Fair in February 1986) .

1 0 . A catalogue of selected academic/scholarly titles in English frompublishers in the ASEAN region should be prepared regularly andnegotiations could be made with an international academic booksdistributor to have the titles in the catalogue distributed in Asia/Pacific,America, and Europe.

Appendix 1Academic Journals

There are many and varied academic journals in the country, and theseare put out largely by professional associations and by colleges and universities.The listing below gives only the more stable ones. The information inparentheses gives the year of first issue, the subject covered by the journal, andthe publisher. l1

1 .2 .3 .4.5 .6.

7.8 .9 .

10.

Ac ta Man i le na (1952; natural and applied sciences, socioeconomics andhistory; University of Santo Tomas)A g h a m (1983; natural sciences; De La Salle University)Ar ane ta Re s e ar ch J our na l (1 952; science and humanities; AranetaUniversity)Asian S tud ies (1962; science and humanities of interest to Asia; AsianCenter, University of the Philippines)Chemists Quarterly (1959; chemistry; Chemical Society of thePhilippines)Boletin Eclesiastico de Filipinas (1926; religion; University of SantoTomas)Dzl iman Rev iew (1951; arts and letters; College of Arts and Sciences,University of the Philippines)Dansalan Quarter ly (1981 ; culture of Muslim Filipinos; DansalanResearch Center, Iligan City)Ec onom ic Re s e ar ch J our na l (1 952; economics and business; University ofthe East Graduate School of Business)Education Quarter ly (1 953; education; University of the PhilippinesCollege of Education)


14/16

ACADEMIC PUBLISHING IN THE PH I L I PPI NE S 53

11. Far Eastern University Journal (1956; contemporary perspectives; FarEastern University)

12. Journal of Educational Research (1956; education; Philippine ChristianUniversity)

13. Journal of History (1956; Philippine history; Philippine NationalHistorical Society)

14. Journal of Northern Luzon (1971; culture, education, sciences; St. Marys15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.

26.27.28.

29.

College, Bayombong, Nueva Viscaya)Kinaadman (1979; interdisciplinary studies on the Philippines; XavierUniversity, Ateneo de Zamboanga, Ateneo de Naga)Leyte-Samar Studies (1967; culture of Leyte and Samar; Divine WordUniversityof Tacloban, Tacloban City)Mindanao Journal (1974; multidisciplinary; Mindanao State University,Marawi City)National Research Council of the Philippines Bulletin (1946; naturalsciences; National Research Council of the Philippines)Philippine Economic Journal (1960; Philippine economics; PhilippineEconomic Society)Philippine Historical Review (1966; Philippine history; PhilippineChapter, International Association of Historian of Asia)Philippine Journal of Biology (1972; biology research; Kalikasan Press,College, Laguna)Philippine Education Quarterly (1971 education; Arellano University)Philippine Journal of Linguistics (1970; linguistics; Linguistic Society ofthe Philippines)Philippine Journal of Psychology (1968; psychology; PsychologicalAssociation of the Philippines)Philippine Journal of Public Administration (1957; publicadministration; University of the Philippines College of PublicAdministration)Philippine Political Science Journal (1972; political science; PhilippinePolitical Science Association)Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society (1973; science andhumanities; University of San Carlos, Cebu City)Philippine Review of Business and Economics (1964; business andeconomics; University of the Philippines College of Business andEconomics)Philippine Social Science and Humanities Review (1929; social sciencesand humanities; University of the Philippines College of Arts andSciences)


15/16

A C A D EM I C PUR1,ISHING IN ASEAN54

30.31.32.33.

34.35.36.37.38.

Philippine Sociological Review (1953; sociology; Philippine SociologicalSociety)Philippine Statistics (1952; theoretical and applied statistics; PhilippineSociety of Statisticians)Philippine Studies (1953; humanities and social sciences; Ateneo deManila University)Philippine Journal of Science (1906; sciences; Institute of Science andTechnology)Philipiniana Sacra (1966; ecclesiastical sciences; University of SantoTomas)St. Louis University Research Journal (1971; science and the humanities;St . Louis University)SillimanJournal (1953; science and humanities; Silliman University)Solidarity (1966; current affairs, ideas, and the arts; SolidaridadPublishing House)Unitas (1928; science an d humanities; University of Santo Tomas)

Append ix 2Listing of Major Academic Publishers

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.

10.11.12.13.

The limited directory below includes only major academic publishers.Asian Center, University of the Philippines, Quezon CityAteneo de Manila University Press, P.O. Box 154, ManilaDe La Salle University, Integrated Research Center 2401 Taft Avenue,ManilaDivine Word University (Publications Office), Tacloban CityFoundation for Nationalist Studies, 38 Panay Avenue, Quezon CityFilipinas Foundation, Inc., P.O. Box 259, Makati Commercial Center,Makati, ManilaInstitute of Philippine Culture, Ateneo de Manila University, P.O. Box154, ManilaJMC Press, 388 Quezon Avenue, Quezon CityNational Bookstore, P.O. Box 1934, ManilaNational Economic Development Authority (NEDA), Padre Faura,ManilaNational Historical Institute, National Library, ManilaNew Day Publishers, Inc., P.O. Box 167, Quezon CitySinagtala Publishers, Inc., 2506 Taft Avenue, Malate, Manila


16/16

ACADEMIC PUBLISHING IN THE PH IL I PP INES 55

14.15.16.17 .

1.2.

3.

4.5.6.

7 .

8 .

9.10.11.

Surian ng Wikang Pambansa, PAG-IBIG Building, EDSA cor. EastAvenue, Quezon CityUniversity of the Philippines Press, Diliman, Quezon CityUniversity of San Carlos (Publications Office) Cebu CityVera-Reyes, Inc., 40 Valencia Street, Quezon City

Notes

See F.C. Sta. Maria, Scholarly Publishing in the Philippines: A Reviewand Assessment,Philippine Studies 21 (1973): 5- .Pacifico Aprieto, in Boo k Publishing and Philippine Scholarship (Manila:Daily Star Publishing Co., 198l), p. 23, citing Leopoldo Yabes, ThePhilippine Scholar,College Jou rna l, no. 5 (1963), p. 91.See Alfred0 Navarro Salanga, Publishing in the Philippines, inPublishing in t h e T h i r d W o r l d , ed. P. Albach, A. Arboleda, S .Gopinathan (N.J. Heinemann), pp . 138- 51.Ibid.Pacifico Aprieto, Book Publ ishing pp. 24 - 25.Information on the publishers and their publications, as well as on thescholarly journals, have been obtained not only through interviews withkey personnel of the publishing houses concerned, but also throughlibrary research.Excluded from the survey are international organizations like theInternational Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and the InternationalCenter for Living Acquatic Resources Management (ICLARM).The University of the East Press had been organized around 1975 and hadgone into limited textbook publishing for its own students before turninginactive because of the formidable financial problems the Universitybegan facing last year.From the University of the Philippines Board of Regents resolutioncreating the university press, 31 March 1985.Unless otherwise specified, the publishers are based in Metro Manila.Quoted in C. Bautista and A. Salanga, The Year in Literature, 1980Fookien Tim es Yearbook , p. 351.

academic publishing in the philippines.pdf

Documents