agricultural transformation in africa: role for …...agricultural transformation in africa: role...
TRANSCRIPT
Agricultural Transformation in Africa: Role for Parliamentarians
T.S. Jayne and Milu Muyanga
Keynote Address at 4th Annual RENAPRI Stakeholder ConferenceCape Town, South Africa, 30 November 2017
Outline
1. Structuraltransformation(ST)
2. WhyrapidSTwillrequiresolidagpolicyguidance
3. ImplicationsforRENAPRI
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YOUTHLIVELIHOODSOPTIONS
62%<25years
40%Non-farm
60%Farming
Pulled out of agriculture• Injobswithhighbarrierstoentry• Post-secondaryeducation• Investedinskills
Pushed out of agriculture• Relativelyunskilled/limitededucation• Limitedaccesstoland/finance• Mainlyinformalsector/wageworkers
Pushed into agriculture• Fewproductiveassets• Pooraccesstoland,finance,knowledge• Highconcentrationofpoverty
Pulled into agriculture• Goodaccesstoland,finance,etc.• Favorablemarketaccess,infrastructure• Diversifiedincomesources
80%
50%Strugglingfarm
10%Successfulnon-
farm
10%Successfulfarm
30%Strugglingnon-
farm
YOUTHLIVELIHOODSOPTIONS
62%<25years
40%Non-farm
60%Farming
10%Successfulnon-farm
30%Strugglingnon-farm
10%Successfulfarming
50%Strugglingfarm
70%Successfulnon-
farm
30%Successfulfarming
Structural transformation pathwayPolicies
• Inclusiveeconomicgrowth
• Infrastructure• Education
Policies• AgR&D/extension
• Finance• Infrastructureandinvestmentsalongvaluechain
– Irrigation– Roads– Electricity
The views expressed are those of the author(s) and should not be attributed to the Economic Research Service or USDA.
WhatdoweknowaboutagriculturalgrowthinSub-SaharanAfrica?
Source:EconomicResearchService,https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/international-agricultural-productivity/
Sourcesofgrowth:
3categoriesofactivitiesthatpromotestructuraltransformation
1. Actionsthattheprivatesectorwillundertakeonitsown
e.g.,distributinginputstoareaswheredemandisstrong
2. Actionsthattheprivatesectorwillundertakeifgovernmentscreateafavorable‘enablingenvironment’
e.g.,distributinginputstoareaswheredemandwouldbestrongwithimprovedroad,port,communicationsinfrastructure
3. Actionsthattheprivatesectorwillnotdoundermostcircumstancesandthatgovernmentsmustdo
e.g.,infrastructure,education,R&D,extensionservices
Importanceofpublicpolicy
RelativeexpendituresonaginSSA(billions):Donors: USD3.8FDI: USD10Africangovernments: USD12privatesector: ??
EconomictransformationinSSAwillrequire:– enlightenedpoliciesà evidenceà research– strengthenAfricanagriculturalpolicyinstitutes?
AnAfricanRegionalAgPolicyNetwork–Arewereadytotakeittothenextlevel?
• What’sthevision?• Institutions,likeorganisms,mustadapttochanging
environmentordie– Newactors– qualityofpolicyanalysistodaydependsonpublicinvestmentsand
strategicdecisionsmade5-10-20yearsago– Policyanalysisrequiressoliddata(achallengeinmanyRENAPRI
countries)– Peoplesobusywiththeirnationalagenda– forcespeopletodo
RENAPRIworkintheir‘sparetime’– Freeriderproblemà UndertakeSWOT/strategicplanningexercise
Processmatters!
• Partnershipisnecessaryforinstitutestodevelop
• How wepartnerinfluencestheoutcome
• Therefore,needtoconsiderourprinciplesforpartnership
Partnershipprinciples(AAP)1. Shared vision - mutual benefit, mutual capacity building
2. Based on trust, mutual respect, transparency, empathy, and accountability between the partners.
3. Collaboration must be sustainable beyond initial grant cycle, with a view toward long-term collaboration
4. Founded on clarity of purpose, with clear contributions to society
5. All partners engage from the beginning -- objectives, activities, resource mobilization and resource allocation plans are developed jointly.
6. a governance structure that reinforces accountability
7. structured work plan and metrics
Bottomlineconclusions
EconomictransformationinSSAwillrequire:– Enlightenedpoliciesà Evidenceà
Research– StrengthenAfricanpublicinstitutions,
includingagriculturalpolicyinstitutes– Processmatters
Governmentsholdthekey!
ThankYou
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