air tightness & infrared building survey report
TRANSCRIPT
5, Hamilton Place Perth PH1 1BB Scotland. United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E-mail:- [email protected] Web:- :- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Air Tightness & Infrared
Building Survey Report In compliance with BS EN 13829: 2001 & ATTMA TSL1 Rev3: 2016
BS EN 13187:1999
Test Technician:
Company: AiroTech Limited
Test Date:
Test Time:
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 1 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
1
THERMOGRAPHY REPORT
CUSTOMER / SITE: Private client
ADDRESS: N/A
THERMOGRAPHY DATE: 11th June 2019
THERMOGRAPHER: David Cameron
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 2 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A Retrotec blower door test fan was installed in the backdoor entrance of a 1960’s
constructed bungalow situated at………. An initial air tightness test was performed to
establish the permeability m3/hr/m2 of the property(see results appendix p33)). The test
fan was then re-configured to continuously depressurise the house at - 50pa. A
qualitative Thermographic survey was proceeded to be carried out to establish the
overall building condition and identify any localised cold spots/air leakage. A summary
of the test results are included in the following table:-
File Name Date Time Note
IR_0001.jpg 6/11/2019 1:17 PM Uncontrolled air infiltration from larder door
IR_0003.jpg 6/11/2019 1:23 PM Air infiltration roof access hatch – West hatch
IR_0004.jpg 6/11/2019 1:25 PM Air infiltration through closed trickle vents
IR_0005.jpg 6/11/2019 1:28 PM Uncontrolled air leakage from attic hatch – East Hatch
IR_0006.jpg 6/11/2019 1:30 PM Uncontrolled air infiltration from top of window and ceiling alcove.
IR_0007.jpg 6/11/2019 1:31 PM Uncontrolled air infiltration into the house via ceiling alcove and top
of window frame
IR_0009.jpg 6/11/2019 1:34 PM Uncontrolled air infiltration from door to hatch cellar and storage
cupboard
IR_0010.jpg 6/11/2019 1:36 PM Uncontrolled air infiltration from skirting boards
IR_0011.jpg 6/11/2019 1:40 PM Air leakage via ceiling alcoves. Supporting wall timbers causing cold
bridging
FLIR. 0011 jpg 6/11/2019 4.24 PM Air infiltration at front door
FLIR- 0014.jpg 6/11/2019 4.29 PM Uncontrolled air infiltration at mechanical extractor fan in shower
room
FLIR. 0018.jpg 6/11/2019 4:37 PM Uncontrolled Air leakage via closed trickle vent and window frame
FLIR. 0019.jpg 6/11/2019 4:38 PM Leakage of closed trickle vent at patio door in the kitchen.-
FLIR-0023.jpg 6/11/2019 4:45 PM Bath to wall interface – area of high air infiltration
IR_0001.jpg 6/11/2019 7:34 AM Uneven insulation, cold bridging and convection loses
IR_0004.jpg 6/11/2019 7:40 AM Cold corner in Lounge
IR_0005.jpg 6/11/2019 7:42 AM Air leakage at spotlights in kitchen
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 4 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TableofContents1.0 Health, Safety and Environment Policy Statement ........................................................ 6
1.1 Commitment to HSE ………………………………………………………………………………………………..6
1.2 Our HSE policy ………………………………………………………………………………………………..6
1.3 Risk Assessment ………………………………………………………………………………………………..7
2.0 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….8
2.1 Overview …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8
2.2 Aim ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8
2.3 Objectives …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8
2.4 Building Details ………………………………………………………………………………………………9
2.5 Heating/Ventilation……………………………………………………………………………………..………….9
2.6 Identification of area of high Air leakage ……………………………………………………………..10
3.0 Environmental conditions on the 11th June 2019 ......................................................... 11
4.0 Equipment Details ...................................................................................................... 11
5.0 Reference Documents ................................................................................................. 12
6.0 Uncontrolled air infiltration from larder door .............................................................. 13
7.0 Air infiltration via unsealed loft hatch ......................................................................... 14
8.0 Air infiltration through closed trickle vents .................................................................. 15
9.0 Uncontrolled air leakage from attic hatch. ................................................................... 16
10 infiltration from top of window and ceiling alcove. ...................................................... 17
11 Air infiltration into the house via ceiling alcove and top of window ............................. 18
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 5 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
5
12 Air infiltration via door to cellar hatch ........................................................................... 19
13 Air infiltration at skiting boards in hallway ................................................................... 20
14 Air leakage, cold bridging & possible moisture ingress ……………………………………….21
15 Air infiltration at front door ........................................................................................... 22
16 Mechanical Extractor fan – large area of air infiltration ................................................. 23
17 Trickle vent air leakage .................................................................................................. 24
18 Trickle vent air leakage .................................................................................................. 25
19 Bath side panel area of high air leakage ......................................................................... 26
20 Uneven insulation, cold bridging and convection loses ................................................... 27
21 Possible moisture ingress and air infiltration .................................................................. 28
22 Cold corner in Lounge .................................................................................................... 29
23 Air leakage at spotlight ................................................................................................. 30
24 Convection loop and uneven insulation in main bedroom .............................................. 31
25 Air infiltration at skirting boards ................................................................................... 32
25 APPENDIX ...................................................................................................................... 33
25.1 Summary of air tightness tests …………………………………………………………………………33
25.2 Plan drawing ……………………………………………………………………………..…………………………..34
25.3 Dimensioned plan of building showing location of test fan & tube terminations …….35
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 6 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
6
1.0 Health,SafetyandEnvironmentPolicyStatement
Airotech limited is committed to cause no harm to people or to the environment
where it operates.
1.1 CommitmenttoHSE
• pursue the goal of no harm to people
• protect the environment
• where possible to use material and energy efficiently to provide our
services
• promote best practice within the industry
• openly communicate HSE issues and performance, and share and learn
from HSE best practices, internally and externally
1.2 OurHSEpolicy
• we take a systematic approach to HSE designed to ensure compliance
with our clients on site risk management systems (where relevant local
and national regulations.
• we require every employee to take personal responsibility for HSE by
focusing on own behavior
• measure, appraise and report HSE performance
• provide our staff with the appropriate training to achieve our HSE
commitment
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 8 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
8
2.0 Introduction
2.1 Overview
This report follows an agreed set of deliverables between the Air Tester David
Cameron(AiroTech Ltd) and the resident at …….
2.2 Aim
The aim of the air tightness test was to obtain the air permeability(m3/hr/m2) of a
bungalow situated in………….. The owner, an elderly woman in her eighties, currently
has very high annual heating bills(+£2,000pa). Once the permeability of the building
was established the fan was reset to continuously depressurise mode, then an infrared
camera and mini fog generator were used to identify air infiltration/leakages within the
building.
Although no recommendations on repairs or subsequent retrofit modifications to the
building have been included in the report. Some recommendations to close off areas of
high uncontrolled air infiltration/leakages into the building have been made. It is hoped
that these modifications (some which have already been implemented) will improve the
comfort for the occupants and assist in lowering the high energy bills currently being
paid by the owner.
2.3 Objectives
An air tightness test was performed to determine the overall permeability. The test fan
was then set to run at - 50pa to assist in identifying areas of uncontrolled air leakage in
the building, which could be impacting on the high energy bills experienced by the
housing owner.
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 9 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
9
A subsequent qualitative survey was carried out using an Infrared camera and smoke
generator to identify any localised cold spots and/or air leakage areas respectively.
The Infrared measurements taken are for reference purposes only and are not
necessary indicative of the actual surface temperature. To conduct a more detailed
surface temperature survey, a separate quantitative survey would have to be performed
providing limited added value to the overall survey results.
2.4 BuildingDetails
The original house built in 1964 consists of a 100mm thick brick outer leaf, a 50mm
cavity and 100mm thick inner leaf constructed of concrete blockwork. A sizable
extension was built onto the original house in 1987 using similar materials and
construction method to the original. Underfloor insulation(sheepswool) was installed in
2018 under the suspended floor joists together with a Proclima membrane. Only 200mm
thick mineral wool type insulation has been placed between the horizontal roof joists in
the attic.
2.5 Heating/Ventilation:-
The house has two disused coal fire places and one has an electric fire placed inside
the hearth. The building heating system and DHW are powered by a Bosch Worcester
combi/condensation boiler system.
Trickle vents are installed on each of the double glazed units to provide ventilation
within the house. A large 300mm extractor fan provides ventilation within the shower
room. No extract fan exists in the bathroom. The kitchen has a mechanical extract fan
above the cooker.
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 10 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
10
2.6 IdentificationofareaofhighAirleakage
After the depressurisation and pressurisation tests were carried out the results were
analysed. Due to the high permeability/leakage rate observed within the structure the
fan was restarted to depressurise the structure (external air entering the structure under
negative pressure) to -50pa. A FLIR E95 infrared (IR) camera and a Tiny artificial
smoke machine were used to observe and record air infiltration/leakages within the
building.
The following summary of areas of high air infiltration were observed:
• Hatches to the attic/loft areas
• The bath where it was attached to the external wall
• Bottom of the front door
• The window trickle vents even when closed
• Fireplaces(temporary sealed for the testing)
• Junctions between the wall and ceiling areas
• Shower extractor fan
• Area above the windows and patio windows
• Kitchen storage pantry
• Skirting boards
• Areas above the window frames
• Internal doors leading to voided areas i.e. cellar hatches, pantry cavity vents,
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 12 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
12
5.0 ReferenceDocuments
1. ISO 13187:1999- Thermal performance of buildings…..
2. BS EN 61025:2007, Fault tree analysis
3. BS EN 60812:2006:- Analysis techniques….
4. Example of ISO 18436 application report
5. BS EN 13829: 2001
6. ATTMA TSL1 Rev3: 2016
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 15 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
15
8.0Airinfiltrationthroughclosedtricklevents
Text annotation
Site
Location Bathroom
Object Trickle vent
ObjectID Air infiltration through
closed trickle vents
Deviation 1.4 deg C
Remedy Replace seals on trickle
vents. Replace windows
with new better quality
ones
Severity Area of air leakage
Description All trickle vents within
the dwelling were found
to leak large amounts of
air when in the closed
position.
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
Note
IR_ 6/11/2019 _0004.jpg | 203° SW 6/11/2019 | 1:25 PM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 17 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
17
10Airinfiltrationfromtopofwindowandceilingalcove.IR_ 6/11/2019 _0006.jpg | 47° NE 6/11/2019 | 1:30 PM
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
Text annotation
Site
Location Back North facing bedroom
Object North facing outer wall
above window and ceiling
ObjectID Uncontrolled air infiltration
from top of window
architrave. Uneven
insulation in attic.
Deviation N/A
Remedy Major upgrade and
refurbishment of house
requiring installation of
new air tight layer and new
windows. New windows
and frame installation
detailing to prevent air
leakages.
Severity Medium to high
Description Uncontrolled air infiltration
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 18 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
18
11Airinfiltrationintothehouseviaceilingalcoveandtopofwindow
Bx1 Average 21.5 °C
Bx1 Maximum 22.0 °C
Bx1 Minimum 20.4 °C
Dt1 (Bx1.Max - Bx1.Min) 1.6 °C
Text annotation
Deviation 1.6 deg C
Location Spare front bedroom
Severity High
ObjectID Walls, top of windows
and ceiling
Description Uncontrolled air
infiltration into the
house via ceiling alcove
and top of window
frame
Object Air infiltration
Remedy Major upgrade and
refurbishment of house
requiring installation of
new air tight layer and
new windows
Measurements
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
IR_ 6/11/2019 _0007.jpg | 278° W 6/11/2019 | 2:30 PM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 19 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
19
12Airinfiltrationviadoortocellarhatch
Text annotation
Site N/A
Location Hallway
Object Door to cellar access
hatch and storage
cupboard
ObjectID Uncontrolled air
infiltration into the
building
Deviation N/A
Remedy Seal door to access
hatch. Install a new
cellar access hatch with
seals and insulation.
Severity High area of heat loss
Description Flared and toothed
pattern indicates air
leakage
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
Note
Air infiltration located to cellar access hatch in storage cupboard. The hatch to the suspended floor is only made from
tongue and groove floor boards which are un-insulated. The suspended floor was insulated in 2018 using sheepswool
insulation and Proclima membrane unfortunately the hatch is still to be ungraded.
IR_ 6/11/2019 _0009.jpg | 134° SE 6/11/2019 | 1:34 PM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 20 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
20
Spots -
Bx1 Average 20.5 °C
Bx1 Maximum 21.2 °C
Bx1 Minimum 19.2 °C
Dt1 (Bx1.Max - Bx1.Min) 1.9 °C
Text annotation
Site N/A
Location Front hallway
Object Front hallway skirting
ObjectID Skirting boards
Deviation N/A
Remedy Seal skirting boards and
interface between
skirting boards and floor
Severity Contribution towards
high energy bills for
occupants
Description Area of uncontrolled air
infiltration
Measurements
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
Note
The ‘flared’ or ‘toothed’ blue and green colours are typical of air infiltration into the building
13AirinfiltrationatskirtingboardsinhallwayIR_ 6/11/2019 _0010.jpg | 174° S 6/11/2019 | 2:35 PM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 21 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
21
14Airleakage,coldbridging&possiblemoistureingress
Text annotation
Site N/A
Location Front spare bedroom
Object South West corner
ObjectID Corner, walls and ceiling area
Deviation Air leakage via ceiling alcoves.
Supporting wall timbers causing cold
bridging. Possible presence of
moisture in wall. Possible missing
areas of insulation in the attic.
Remedy Major upgrade and refurbishment of
house requiring installation of new
air tight layer and new insulated stud
partition wall – cavity wall insulation
not considered by owner.
A roofer was commissioned to repair
broken/leaking gutters and blocked
down pipes in this area external to
the house.
Severity Contribute to high energy bills and
possible structural damage due to
moisture ingress
Description Air leakage, cold bridging. Possible
presence of moisture in wall. Possible
missing/non uniform areas of
insulation in the attic..
IR_ 6/11/2019 _0011.jpg | 6/11/2019 | 1:40 PM
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
Possible area of
moisture ingress
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 22 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
22
15Airinfiltrationatfrontdoor
Spots -
Bx1 Average 19.4 °C
Bx1 Maximum 20.8 °C
Bx1 Minimum 18.0 °C
Dt1 (Bx1.Max - Bx1.Min) 2.7 °C
Text annotation
Site N/A
Location Front hallway
Object Front Door
ObjectID Air infiltration
Deviation 2.7 °C
Remedy Install wind/weather
proofing strips at the
bottom of the door
Severity Contribution towards
high energy bills for
occupants
Description Area of uncontrolled air
infiltration shows as
toothed or flared
blue/green on the
thermogram
Note
Additional area of air leakage noted at glazed unit in front door
Measurements
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
FLIR0011.jpg | 6/11/2019 | 4:24 PM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 23 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
23
Spots -
Bx1 Average 17.3 °C
Bx1 Maximum 20.3 °C
Bx1 Minimum 15.9 °C
Dt1 (Bx1.Max - Bx1.Min) 4.5 °C
Text annotation
Site N/A
Location Shower room
Object Extract fan
ObjectID Fan outlet
Deviation 4.5 °C
Remedy Renew extractor fan with
new 6” outlet with built
in dampener
Severity Very high Contribution
towards high energy bills
for occupants
Description An area of high uncontrolled
air infiltration/leakage out of
roof space with no built-in
dampener present
Measurements
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
Note
After witnessing large uncontrolled air infiltration using the IR camera. An electrical company was commissioned to install a
smaller 6” diameter replacement extractor fan c/w dampener. The large 12” diameter fan and ducting were removed. Roofing
work was carried out to seal the old outlet and remove a large mushroom head vent on the roof.
16MechanicalExtractorfan–largeareaofairinfiltrationFLIR0014.jpg | 6/11/2019 | 4:29 PM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 24 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
24
17Trickleventairleakage
- -
Text annotation
Site N/A
Location Kitchen Patio doors
Object Windows and trickle
vents
ObjectID Uncontrolled Air
leakage via closed
trickle vent and
window frame
Deviation N/A
Remedy Replace trickle vent
seals and/or
renew/upgrade
windows
Severity Contribute to high
energy bills
Description Uncontrolled air
infiltration
-
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
Note
It was discovered on further investigation that the trickle vent would not fully close due a screw head not being fully made up
because it was the incorrect size.
6/11/2019 FLIR0018.jpg | 6/11/2019 | 4:37 PM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 25 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
25
Sp1 Value 19.3 °C
Bx1 Average 17.7 °C
Bx1 Maximum 19.4 °C
Bx1 Minimum 15.5 °C
Dt1 (Bx1.Max - Bx1.Min) 3.9 °C
Text annotation
Leakage of closed trickle vent at patio door in the
kitchen.
-
Measurements
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
18TrickleventairleakageFLIR0019.jpg | N 56°
6/11/2019 | 4:38 PM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 26 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
26
Spots
Measurements -
Bx1 Average 17.9 °C
Bx1 Maximum 18.7 °C
Bx1 Minimum 16.8 °C
Dt1 (Bx1.Max - Bx1.Min) 1.8 °C
Text annotation
Site N/A
Location Bathroom
Object Bath
ObjectID Bath to wall interface
Deviation 1.8 °C
Remedy Seal service void using
Proclima air tight
membrane and Tescon
Vana air tape. Seal back
of bath to wall interface
Severity Area of extremely high
uncontrolled air
leakage/infiltration.
Description The side bath panel was
removed and on further
investigation revealed an
unsealed service void to the
floor.
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
19BathsidepanelareaofhighairleakageFLIR0023.jpg | N 56° 6/11/2019 | 4:45 PM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 28 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
28
21Possiblemoistureingressandairinfiltration
Bx1 Average 17.6 °C
Bx1 Maximum 18.5 °C
Bx1 Minimum 16.8 °C
Dt1 (Bx1.Max - Bx1.Min) 1.7 °C
Text annotation
Deviation 1.7 °C
Description This area was the site of
a previous roof repair
due to rain water ingress
into the ceiling. High
area of air infiltration at
chimney/ceiling
interface
Severity High
Location Main Lounge
Site N/A
Remedy Further investigation.
Object Ceiling to wall interfaces
ObjectID Ceiling, Stone chimney
façade/ceiling interface
Measurements
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
Note
The ceiling area was subject to a previous roof repair which involved renewal of the plasterboard on the ceiling and a roof
repair. The area on the ceiling in blue shows possibly the presence of moisture. The area may have missing or non-uniform
distribution of insulation - a further investigation was carried out and the insulation was seen to be damp where the repair
took place – this insulation was subsequently dried out and it is intended to increase the depth of the insulation from 200mm
– 300mm. It is probably that the plasterboard in this area was not replaced when the roof repair was being carried
IR_ 6/11/2019 _0003.jpg | 221° SW 6/11/2019 | 7:38 AM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 29 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
29
i
22ColdcornerinLounge
Spots -
Bx1 Average 17.2 °C
Bx1 Maximum 18.6 °C
Bx1 Minimum 14.9 °C
Dt1 (Bx1.Max - Bx1.Min) 3.7 °C
Text annotation
Deviation 3.7 °C
Location Main Lounge
Remedy Major refurbishment to
introduce new air tight
layer and introduce wall
insulation
Site
ObjectID East corner
Severity Area of high heat loss
Object East corner
Description Cold corner
Measurements
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
Note
Corners are typically cold because less heat transfer by convection takes place in these areas. The still air provides insulation
between room air and corner surfaces, keeping the surface cooler. Nowicki A(2004). Typically 2.0 deg C but this area shows
nearly double that figure.
IR_ 6/11/2019 _0004.jpg | 146° SE 6/11/2019 | 7:40 AM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 30 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
30
23Airleakageatspotlight
Bx1 Average 19.3 °C
Bx1 Maximum 20.0 °C
Bx1 Minimum 15.5 °C
Dt1 (Bx1.Max - Bx1.Min) 4.5 °C
Text annotation
Site N/A
Remedy Seal spotlights to
prevent air leakage from
attic
ObjectID Spotlight
Severity X4 Spotlights in kitchen
Deviation 4.5 °C
Object Spotlight
Location Kitchen
Description Unsealed spotlight in
kitchen leading to high
area of air leakage or
infiltration
Measurements
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
Note
IR_ 6/11/2019 _0005.jpg | 222° SW 6/11/2019 | 7:42 AM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 31 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
31
24Convectionloopanduneveninsulationinmainbedroom
Bx1 Average 16.8 °C
Bx1 Maximum 17.2 °C
Bx1 Minimum 15.9 °C
Dt1 (Bx1.Max - Bx1.Min) 1.3 °C
Text annotation
Location Main Bedroom
Site N/A
Deviation 1.3 °C
Object Ceiling wall interface
Severity High
Description Convection loses caused
by external ‘open loop’
or internal ‘closed loop’.
Air infiltration down
wall. Non uniform attic
insulation
ObjectID Wall and ceiling
Remedy Install new air tight
layer. Introduce
additional more uniform
insulation.
Measurements
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
IR_ 6/11/2019 0017.jpg | 81° E 6/11/2019 | 8:02 AM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 32 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
32
25Airinfiltrationatskirtingboards
Bx1 Average 16.3 °C
Bx1 Maximum 17.2 °C
Bx1 Minimum 15.7 °C
Dt1 (Bx1.Max - Bx1.Min) 1.5 °C
Text annotation
Remedy Seal skirting boards with
Caulk or silicone
Description Air infiltration at skirting
boards.
Severity High
Object Skirting Boards
Site
Location Main Bedroom
Deviation 1.5 °C
ObjectID Skirting boards
Measurements
Parameters
Emissivity 0.95
Reflected temperature 20.0 °C
Distance 1.0 m
Atmospheric temperature 20.0 °C
Relative humidity 50%
External optics temperature 20.0 °C
External optics transmission 1.00
Note
General comment:- The property is 55 years old and is in need of a major refurbishment including introducing a new air tight
layer, wall insulation, new thicker attic insulation, sealing of major areas of air infiltration, window renewal with better
detailing etc.
IR_ 6/11/2019 _0019.jpg | 126° SE 6/11/2019 | 8:03 AM
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019
Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 33 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
33
25APPENDIX
25.1Summaryofairtightnesstests
FanTestic version: 5.11.16 licensed to: David Cameron
Test date: 11.06.19 By: D. Cameron
Customer: Private Client
Building Lot Number: Bungalow
Building address: N/A
Building and Test Information
Test file name: EN13829-EU 2019-06-08 1522
Building volume [m³]: 428.2
Envelope Area [m²]: 518.6
Floor Area [m²]: 172.7
Building Height (from ground to top) [m]: 4.8
Building Exposure to wind: Partially protected building
Accuracy of measurements: 3%
Results
Air flow at 50 Pa, [m³/h] 6553.0
Air changes at 50 Pa, n50 [/h] 15.30
Flow per Envelope Area at 50 Pa, [m³/h/m²] 12.636
Flow per Floor Area at 50 Pa, [m³/h/m²] 37.954
Effective leakage area at 50 Pa, [cm²] 1995
Equivalent leakage area at 50 Pa, [cm²] 3275
Leakage per Envelope Area at 50 Pa, [cm²/m²] 3.8516
Leakage per Floor Area at 50 Pa, [cm²/m²]
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019 Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 34 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
34
25.2Plandrawing
5, Hamilton Place, Perth PH1 1BB, Scotland, United Kingdom Tel:- +44(0) 7377 092287 E mail: [email protected] Web:- http://www.airotechscotland.co.uk
Document Number:
AO-100- IR-AT-2019 Revision : 01 Status : Issued
Rev. Date :
Doc. Type : Final Report Discipline : Thermography & Air Testing
Phase: Completed
Class: A Page 35 of 35
System :FLIR Tools+ & FLIR Studio Equipment Type : FLIR E95
DATE: October 2019 INSPECTED BY: D. Cameron SIGNATURE
35
25.3Dimensionedplanofbuildingshowinglocationoftestfan&tubeterminations