alaa almagrabi ¹department of computer science and computer engineering la trobe university
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MES: a System for Location-Aware Smart Messaging in Emergency Situations. Alaa Almagrabi ¹Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering La Trobe University Melbourne , Australia ²Departments of Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Alaa Almagrabi ¹Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering
La Trobe UniversityMelbourne, Australia
²Departments of Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz University
Jeddah, Saudi [email protected]
Seng W. Loke and Torab TorabiDepartment of Computer Science and Computer Engineering
La Trobe University Melbourne, Australia [email protected]
MES: a System for Location-Aware Smart Messaging in Emergency Situations
Outline • Aims• Introduction • The MONA Emergency System (MES): a. Concept and Designb. MES Mona-ont Ontologyc. MES architectured. Message Exchange Process• MES Message Context Model Structure (EBNF),
MES Services and Proof of Concepta. Automatic Messagingb. Manual Messagingc. Peer to Peer Communication• Conclusion and Future Work
• The contribution of this work is to introduce an approach that highlight the significance and advantages of using context information for addressing and messaging purposes during hazard times. We designed the Mona Emergency System (or MES, for short) to improve the flow and the content of the messages during risky periods.
• Define a methodology that receives and distributes warning messages during hazards or emergency situations by using our proposed Mona Emergency System (MES).
• Provide a new way to describe the message content and receiver using spatial relations.
Aims
Introduction• Emergency systems refer to the measures that put in
place in order to help effectively deal with disasters within society [1]. • The use of modern technology in disaster management
simplifies decision making, saving time and availing help where necessary [2].• Recently, in communication, context information is
utilized as substitute to previous addressing methods such as IP addresses [3].
Introduction• Context-aware computing began over a decade ago.
• Context is described as location, nearby people and objects, and changes to those objects over time [4].
• Context can be categorized into user context, physical context and network context [5].
• We define context-awareness in applications as the use of any information related to the user’s situation in order for the application to progress and execute a task.
The Mona Emergency System (MES)
a. Concept and Design
• Generate alert messages during danger situations.
• Improve the flow of exchanged information between the actors within the system.
• The system uses real-time context information.
• The MES employs spatial relations, qualitative and quantitative.
The MONA Emergency System (MES): Motivating Scenario
Motivating scenario: the MES’ spatial overall view over a (fictional) fire at Latrobe University
MES Mona-ont Ontology
Expanded Mona-ont Ontology for Fire Situation
MES architecture• Actor. • Database.• Disaster Management Unit.
Message Exchange process
Message exchange among the system’s client-server components
Message Context Model Structure (EBNF) and Proof of
Concept a. The automatic messaging mode:
• Offers automatic messaging without involving human decisions once the danger occurs.
• The system starts sending messages to every actor within the region.
• Inform them about the danger as well as the nearest safe POI, the current danger zones, and the actors available in that zone.
Automatic Message Structure (EBNF)
<message>::= <actor1>+ <danger_type> <affected_area><danger_distance> <POI_name> <POI_location> <POI_distance> <actor1> ::= <survivor_ID>
<danger_type> ::= “fire” | “flood” | “earthquake” |“nuclear_danger”
<affected_area> ::= “red_zone” | “yellow_zone” | “blue_zone”
<danger_distance> ::= “945” | “775” | “534”.
<POI_name> ::= “lake” | “hospital” |“evacuation_center” | “school” | “playground”
<POI_location> ::=”Bundoora” | “Reservoir”| “Kingsbury”
<POI_distance> ::= “0.25” | “0.775” | “0.999”
Automatic Messaging Mode
(a) On the server-side (b) On the client-side
• Allows a human to specify, in structured English and using qualitative spatial relations, who will receive what messages.
• For example, the administrator of the system can message the actors depending on their current zone as well as the nearest POI. The manually sent message is structured as follows (in EBNF):<message>::=
<actor>+ <affected_area>[<POI_name><POI_location>] <custom_message>
<actor> :: = <survivor _ID >
<affected_area> :: = “red_zone” | “yellow_zone” | “blue_zone”.
Note: <survivor_ID> <survivor>.∈
Manual Messaging Mode
Manually send a message to a group of survivors using particular spatial relationships
Manual Messaging Mode
Manually send a message to a some of the survivors using particular spatial relationships
Manual Messaging Mode
Peer to Peer Communication
Fig. 8. Disaster automatic messaging via a peer-to-peer model
• The MES’ peer-to-peer message content structure is designed the same as the automatic messaging mode plus a custom message.
Conclusion and Future work
• Context-awareness captures and represents the user’s physical and social environments
• The MES is designed to improve the flow of information that is received by the survivors, and to make it easy to send messages to survivors via spatial relationships.
• spatial relationships are also used to direct the survivors in certain situations, during the hazard time, to safe POIs.
• Sending geographical information using a map that will show the direction to the nearest safe POI as well as the danger locations.
• Provide online services to rescuers to access the MES via the mobile Internet, and to further evaluate the performance of our system.
Conclusion and Future Work
[1] J. Berry, “Spatial Reasoning for Effective GIS”. John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
[2] G. Bonham-Carter, “Geographic information systems for geoscientists: modelling with GIS”. Pergamon, 1994.
[3] L. Geiger, F. Durr, and K. Rothermel, “On Context-aware Communication Mechanism, Communications”, ICC '09. IEEE International, 2009.
[4] B. Schilit, D. Theimer, and M. Marvin, “Disseminating Active Map Information to Mobile Hosts”, In: IEEE Network, Vol. 8 No. 5, 1994, pp. 22-32.
[5] W. Liu, X. Li, and D. Huang, “A Survey on Context Awareness”., Computer Science and Service System (CSSS), International Conference, 2011, pp.144-147.
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