american and french revolutions
TRANSCRIPT
Unit 5
1750-1900
Industrialization and
Globalization
Unit 5 Themes
1 Nationalism Revolution and Reform
2 The Industrial Revolution
3 Imperialism and Nation-State Building
4 Global Migration
The American
Revolution
Timelinehttpgloberovecomfrancefrench-revolution-timeline-infographic21869lightbox0
The Seven Years WarA global conflict between England
and France
The Seven Years WarA global conflict between England and
France
Battles of the American Revolution
British Surrender at Yorktown
American colonies before the Revolution
American Expansion in the 18th -19th
centuries
The French Revolution
Timelinehttpgloberovecomfrancefrench-revolution-timeline-infographic21869lightbox0
Causes of the French Revolution
Inept Ruler King Louis XVI
French Revolution
French Society
First Estate Catholic clergy 5 pop
Did not pay taxes
Second Estate nobility 15 pop
Exempt from many taxes
Third Estate Rest of Population Bourgeoisie ndash wealthy middle
class
Sans-culottes ndash working class
Provided bulk of French tax revenue
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Unit 5 Themes
1 Nationalism Revolution and Reform
2 The Industrial Revolution
3 Imperialism and Nation-State Building
4 Global Migration
The American
Revolution
Timelinehttpgloberovecomfrancefrench-revolution-timeline-infographic21869lightbox0
The Seven Years WarA global conflict between England
and France
The Seven Years WarA global conflict between England and
France
Battles of the American Revolution
British Surrender at Yorktown
American colonies before the Revolution
American Expansion in the 18th -19th
centuries
The French Revolution
Timelinehttpgloberovecomfrancefrench-revolution-timeline-infographic21869lightbox0
Causes of the French Revolution
Inept Ruler King Louis XVI
French Revolution
French Society
First Estate Catholic clergy 5 pop
Did not pay taxes
Second Estate nobility 15 pop
Exempt from many taxes
Third Estate Rest of Population Bourgeoisie ndash wealthy middle
class
Sans-culottes ndash working class
Provided bulk of French tax revenue
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
The American
Revolution
Timelinehttpgloberovecomfrancefrench-revolution-timeline-infographic21869lightbox0
The Seven Years WarA global conflict between England
and France
The Seven Years WarA global conflict between England and
France
Battles of the American Revolution
British Surrender at Yorktown
American colonies before the Revolution
American Expansion in the 18th -19th
centuries
The French Revolution
Timelinehttpgloberovecomfrancefrench-revolution-timeline-infographic21869lightbox0
Causes of the French Revolution
Inept Ruler King Louis XVI
French Revolution
French Society
First Estate Catholic clergy 5 pop
Did not pay taxes
Second Estate nobility 15 pop
Exempt from many taxes
Third Estate Rest of Population Bourgeoisie ndash wealthy middle
class
Sans-culottes ndash working class
Provided bulk of French tax revenue
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
The Seven Years WarA global conflict between England
and France
The Seven Years WarA global conflict between England and
France
Battles of the American Revolution
British Surrender at Yorktown
American colonies before the Revolution
American Expansion in the 18th -19th
centuries
The French Revolution
Timelinehttpgloberovecomfrancefrench-revolution-timeline-infographic21869lightbox0
Causes of the French Revolution
Inept Ruler King Louis XVI
French Revolution
French Society
First Estate Catholic clergy 5 pop
Did not pay taxes
Second Estate nobility 15 pop
Exempt from many taxes
Third Estate Rest of Population Bourgeoisie ndash wealthy middle
class
Sans-culottes ndash working class
Provided bulk of French tax revenue
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
The Seven Years WarA global conflict between England and
France
Battles of the American Revolution
British Surrender at Yorktown
American colonies before the Revolution
American Expansion in the 18th -19th
centuries
The French Revolution
Timelinehttpgloberovecomfrancefrench-revolution-timeline-infographic21869lightbox0
Causes of the French Revolution
Inept Ruler King Louis XVI
French Revolution
French Society
First Estate Catholic clergy 5 pop
Did not pay taxes
Second Estate nobility 15 pop
Exempt from many taxes
Third Estate Rest of Population Bourgeoisie ndash wealthy middle
class
Sans-culottes ndash working class
Provided bulk of French tax revenue
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Battles of the American Revolution
British Surrender at Yorktown
American colonies before the Revolution
American Expansion in the 18th -19th
centuries
The French Revolution
Timelinehttpgloberovecomfrancefrench-revolution-timeline-infographic21869lightbox0
Causes of the French Revolution
Inept Ruler King Louis XVI
French Revolution
French Society
First Estate Catholic clergy 5 pop
Did not pay taxes
Second Estate nobility 15 pop
Exempt from many taxes
Third Estate Rest of Population Bourgeoisie ndash wealthy middle
class
Sans-culottes ndash working class
Provided bulk of French tax revenue
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
British Surrender at Yorktown
American colonies before the Revolution
American Expansion in the 18th -19th
centuries
The French Revolution
Timelinehttpgloberovecomfrancefrench-revolution-timeline-infographic21869lightbox0
Causes of the French Revolution
Inept Ruler King Louis XVI
French Revolution
French Society
First Estate Catholic clergy 5 pop
Did not pay taxes
Second Estate nobility 15 pop
Exempt from many taxes
Third Estate Rest of Population Bourgeoisie ndash wealthy middle
class
Sans-culottes ndash working class
Provided bulk of French tax revenue
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
American colonies before the Revolution
American Expansion in the 18th -19th
centuries
The French Revolution
Timelinehttpgloberovecomfrancefrench-revolution-timeline-infographic21869lightbox0
Causes of the French Revolution
Inept Ruler King Louis XVI
French Revolution
French Society
First Estate Catholic clergy 5 pop
Did not pay taxes
Second Estate nobility 15 pop
Exempt from many taxes
Third Estate Rest of Population Bourgeoisie ndash wealthy middle
class
Sans-culottes ndash working class
Provided bulk of French tax revenue
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
The French Revolution
Timelinehttpgloberovecomfrancefrench-revolution-timeline-infographic21869lightbox0
Causes of the French Revolution
Inept Ruler King Louis XVI
French Revolution
French Society
First Estate Catholic clergy 5 pop
Did not pay taxes
Second Estate nobility 15 pop
Exempt from many taxes
Third Estate Rest of Population Bourgeoisie ndash wealthy middle
class
Sans-culottes ndash working class
Provided bulk of French tax revenue
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Causes of the French Revolution
Inept Ruler King Louis XVI
French Revolution
French Society
First Estate Catholic clergy 5 pop
Did not pay taxes
Second Estate nobility 15 pop
Exempt from many taxes
Third Estate Rest of Population Bourgeoisie ndash wealthy middle
class
Sans-culottes ndash working class
Provided bulk of French tax revenue
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Inept Ruler King Louis XVI
French Revolution
French Society
First Estate Catholic clergy 5 pop
Did not pay taxes
Second Estate nobility 15 pop
Exempt from many taxes
Third Estate Rest of Population Bourgeoisie ndash wealthy middle
class
Sans-culottes ndash working class
Provided bulk of French tax revenue
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
French Revolution
French Society
First Estate Catholic clergy 5 pop
Did not pay taxes
Second Estate nobility 15 pop
Exempt from many taxes
Third Estate Rest of Population Bourgeoisie ndash wealthy middle
class
Sans-culottes ndash working class
Provided bulk of French tax revenue
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Q What can you infer from the pie graphs
on why a revolution occurred in France
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Political inequalities for Middle Class
First Estate Second Estate Third Estate
X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Financial Crisis
During 1780s 50 of revenue went to pay off debts
American Revolution
Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
Series of bad harvests 1787 amp 1788
Bread prices went up 50 in 1789
Need for tax reform
Louis XVI hoped to raise taxes on the aristocracy
Aristocracy resisted reforms
Forced Louis to call the Estates-General for the first time
since 1614
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Discussion Questions
What were the similarities between the long-term causes of the
American and French Revolutions Differences
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Phase I
Moderateliberal
Goal- create constitutional
monarchy
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Calling of the Estates-General
May 5 1789
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
The National Assembly and
Tennis Court Oath
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Why Revolution
Revolutionaries demanded end to the
Ancien Regime ldquoOld Orderrdquo
Absolutism
Noble amp Church feudal privileges
Slogan of Revolution
ldquoLiberty Equality Fraternityrdquo (brotherhood)
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Marquis de Lafayette
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen -
1789
Liberty Equality Fraternity
June 20 1789
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Declaration of Rights of Man and
the Citizen
a based on ideas of the Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence
b all people are equal before the law
c freedom of speech press and religion
d protected against arbitrary arrest and punishment
e did not grant equal rights to women
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Storming of the Bastille
- Members of the 3rd Estate took it over to gain gunpowder amp free political prisoners
-Importance = Symbolized the start of the revolution
-ldquoBastille Dayrdquo = National holiday July 14
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Storming of the Bastille
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Great Fear
- France enters ldquoGreat Fearrdquo ndashgeneral revolts against Old Feudal Regime clergy nobility
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
34
March on VersaillesOct 5 1789
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Womenrsquos March on Versailles
Storming of VersaillesOctober 1 1789-Results
- Royal family forced to come to Paris- Louis forced to sign new constitution- France now a constitutional monarchy
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Critical Intro
Why do you think all of the events
leading up to the ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo
were viewed as ldquomoderaterdquo
considering some of the violent
actions during those events
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Phase II
(1792-1794)
Radical
Goal- a republic eliminate
monarchists and
counterrevolutionaries
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
European Nations Attack France
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792 Nations (Great Britain Spain Austria Prussia)
take advantage of instability ndash Attack France
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Two Political Parties
Jacobins ndash rejected anything that resembled the old order and wanted more change
a led by Maximilien Robespierre
Girondists ndash felt that the revolution had gone far enough and wanted to protect the wealthy middle class
Jacobins gain control
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Critical Intro
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792Why were all events up to the
Reign of Terror considered
ldquoModeraterdquo
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Radicals Take Control
Arrest of Louis XVIAugust 10 1792
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Decline of the Monarchy
Louis XVI tried to flee with his family to Austria
a was caught and returned to Paris
neighboring countries began to worry about their own monarchies
French eacutemigreacutes (nobles who fled from France) tried to convince other countries to restore Louis XVI
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Execution of Louis XVI
January 21 1793
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Monarchy dead Republic is born
Jacobin (radical revolutionaries) Reforms
Universal adult male suffrage
Universal military duty
Abolished slavery
Fuels Haitian Revolution
Increased rights of women
Could not participate in politics
Attacked Catholicism
Spirit of nationalism
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
45
ldquoReign of Terrorrdquo1793 - 1794
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Reign of Terror
ldquoThe first maxim of our politics ought to be to lead the people
by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terrorrdquo
Led by Maximilien
Robespierre
Find amp eliminate
enemies of the state
Monarchists
counterrevolutionaries
As many as 40000
killed by guillotine
video
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
British View of Reign of Terror
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
End of the Terror
July 28 1794
Robespierre is killedFrench Revolution part 4
French Revolution part 5
French Revolution part 3
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Phase III
(1794-1815)
Conservativereactionary
Goal- To end ldquoterrorrdquo and
establish Directory
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
50
Directory and Rise of Napoleon
1799 - 1815
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Rise of Napoleon
Directory = Ineffective
governing body
following ldquoTerrorrdquo
Failed to solve economic
problems of France
Napoleon staged a
coup deacutetat in 1799
Becomes emperor in
1804
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Goals of Napoleon
increase French nationalism
control of Europe
improve education
a set up technical schools universities and secondary schools
required all citizens to pay taxes
Establish Central Bank
improve the legal system
a simplified the French law code into the
Napoleonic Code
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Napoleonic Code 1804
bull Purpose = reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the French Rev
bull Create 1 law code for France
bull Influenced European legal codes
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Building His Empire
after defeating Austria and Italy he convinced Russia to drop out of the war
a Also invaded Spain amp Portugal
b Britain was left as the only country opposing Napoleon
Continental System ndash ordered all European nations to stop trade with Britain
Goal = isolate Britain amp promote Napoleonrsquos mastery over Europe
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
The Continental System
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Downfall of Napoleon
1812 ndash Napoleon invaded Russia with a 600000 men
the Russians executed a ldquoscorched-earthrdquo policy = no food or shelter for French troops
Napoleon had to withdraw because of the harsh Russian winter
the Russians attacked them the whole way back
500000 died
French severely weakened = Spain Russia Prussia Britain Austria and Italy attacked France
March 14 1814 ndash Napoleon was forced to abdicate
the throne and was exiled to Elba
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Napoleonrsquos Failed Invasion of
Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Napoleonrsquos Empire
Left Napoleonrsquos Empire by 1812
Above Napoleonrsquos Retreat from Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Napoleon on Elba
This should NOT be a prison
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Final Defeat
Napoleon escapes Elba
Leads France for 100 days
Europeans invade France amp defeat Napoleon for good at
Waterloo
Exiled to St Helena
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Battle of Waterloo
British and Prussians Defeat Napoleon for good
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Napoleonrsquos Downfall
Could not conquer British navy
Guerilla movements in Spain and
Portugal
Failed invasion of Russia
Final defeat at Waterloo
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Napoleon Banished to St Helena
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Legacy of Napoleon
Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under
French domination
Napoleonic Code ndash great influence on modern
European legal codes
Spread of nationalism in Europe
German and Italian unification
Greek independence
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia
Legacy of the French Revolution
Global Independence movements
Haitian Revolution
Latin American independence
bull Triggered by Napoleonrsquos invasion of Spain
Egypt broke away from Ottoman Empire
Slave Trade and Slavery
England abolished slave trade in 1807 slavery in 1833
BrazilmdashLast to abolish slavery (1888)
Abolition of serfdom
Except in Russia