21 st century kashrus
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2121stst Century Kashrus Century Kashrus
Agenda• Severity of the Prohibition
• A Historic Outlook
• Types of Insects
• Infested Produce – Halacha
• Infested Produce – the Facts
• Pre-washed Vegetables
• Demonstration
Severity of the Prohibition (1)
• Sheretz Ha’mayim – 4 La’avin
• Sheretz Ha’aretz – 5 La’avin
• Sheretz Ha’of – 6 La’avin Makos (16b)
WHY? Pri Chadash Y.D. siman 84, end
Severity of the Prohibition (2)
Timtum Halev
• Rama Y.D. (81,7)
• Pri Chadash Y.D. (81, 26)
Severity of the Prohibition (3)
The prohibition of insects is severe:
He who upholds the commandment is as if hehas upheld the belief in the exodus fromEgypt
He who denies the commandment is asif he denies the exodus from Egypt (Toras Kohanim)
Infestation – An Overview
History• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ban of
DDT (June 1972)• 1980’s brought on an anti-pesticide movement• “The level of Insect infestation in leafy vegetables
has increased dramatically since the FDA banned several pesticides” (US News & World Report Sept. 1992)
Infestation – USDA Tolerance
Vegetable Tolerance Level
Broccoli Frozen 60 or more Aphids, Thrips, Leaf Miners per 3.6 oz.
Spinach Frozen 50 or more Aphids, Thrips, Leaf Miners per 3.6 oz.
Types of Insects – Aphids
Colors…
• Yellow
• Gray Green
• Black
Found in…
• Broccoli
• Cauliflower
• Berries
• Others
Types of Insects – Thrips
Colors…• White or yellowish turning
into gray or brownish/black
Found in…• Leafy vegetables• Cauliflower, Broccoli • Scallions, Asparagus • Artichoke, Chives • Cabbage, Others
Types of Insects – Spider Mites
Colors…• Yellowish to pale green
when immature becoming brownish-red
Found in…• Strawberries, Lettuce • Celery, Parsley • Spinach, Fennel • Others
Types of Insects – Leaf Miner
Found in…• Leafy Vegetables• Asparagus • Scallions • Others
Size of Insects – Halacha
• Usually range from .85mm to 3mm
• Anything that is visible to the naked eye – even if only recognizable as a bug from under a visual tool Poskim
Categories of Infestation – Halacha
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Infestation(%)
MuchzakMiut HamatzuyMiut She'ayno Matzuy
Categories of Infestation - Fact
• Seasonality
• Globalization
Commercially Pre-washed Vegetables
Brands: Dole, Fresh Express, T&A, Bodek,
Goldenflow, Eden and more
What is the Claim?
1) Effective Cleaning; or
2) Usually effective…Reduction of infestation levels…Depending on the seasons…etc.
Household Cleaning and Checking
Methods of Checking
1) The chazakah procedure• Shut Rashba (1,274); Bais Yosef Y.D. (84,8); Rama, Shach, Pri
Megadim ibid.; Shut T.T.V. (1, 123) who all disallow this method under normal circumstances for a product that is infested (>10%)
2) The soaping procedure• Method employed by COR, OU, Kof-K and other
reputable kashruth organizations
Demonstration
Every “Vegetable Checker” Needs…
1. A Light-box
2. Vegetable Wash (Soap)
3. Good Set of Eyes
4. Patience!!
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