ch18 napoleon
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Chapter 18 - Napoleon
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Not this Napoleon!
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Introducing Napoleon - Video
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Young NapoleonDominates battles in
France during theRevolutionary War.
Keeps France protected
from Austria/Prussiaand Great Britain
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Napoleon Bonapartedominated
European history from 1799 to
1815.
Napoleon took part in the coup
dtat that overthrew the
Directory.
In 1802, Napoleon made himselfconsul for life, and in 1804, he
crowned himself
Emperor Napoleon I.Napoleon Crossing the Great St. Bernard
By Jacque-Louis David
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History is a myth
that men agreeto believe.
-Napoleon
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Napoleons Domestic Policies
Did Napoleon preserve theideals of the French
Revolution, as he claimed, inhis domestic policies?
The Civil Code recognizedequality of all citizensbefore the law, and he did
open government careersto more people.
(So to that extent he didpreserve the revolutionary
ideals.)
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Napoleons Domestic Policies (cont.)
He also destroyed some revolutionary ideals:
Shut down 60 of Frances 73
newspapers
Government police read peoplesmail.
Did not treat women equally
Napoleons 1st wife Josephine Empress Marie-Louise andthe King of Rome, by Joseph
Franque, 1812.
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Anne-Louise-Germainede Stal
Daughter of French Director ofFinance Jacques Necker
Prominent writer of the time
period.
Napoleon banned her books
and exiled her.
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Napoleons Domestic Policies (cont.)
Once when de Stal asked Napoleonwho the greatest woman of historywas, he answered:
The one who had the most
children, said Napoleon
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Napoleon Plans for European Domination
The survival of Great Britain and
the force of nationalism are the twomain causes of the quick collapseof Napoleons empire.
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France vs. British
Napoleons massive Grand Army held huge
advantages when fighting on land.
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The Battle of Trafalgar: At sea it was a different story.
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Britain survived principally because of its sea power,
which made Britain virtually invulnerable.
Even so, Napoleon mounted a fleet for an invasion.
Britains defeat of a combined French-Spanish fleet at
Trafalgar (1805) ended Napoleons dream of invading the
island.
Th C ti t l S t
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The Continental System was intended to stop Britishgoods from reaching continental markets.
Allied states resented being told they could notbuy British goods, and this strategy failed aswell.
Also, due to new markets in Latin America and the Middle East, Britainsexports reached near-record highs by 18091810.
The Continental System
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Th F ll f N lTh F ll f N l
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The Fall of Napoleon Napoleons fall began with his invasion of Russia, which had
refused to remain in the Continental System.
In 1812, a Grand Army of over 600,000 men enteredRussia.
The Fall of Napoleon
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Napoleon Leading the Charge
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Napoleon Needed a Quickand Decisive Victory
Russians kept retreatingand would not fight
Burned their towns asthey would retreat to
deny the French anyfood, supplies or shelter
Bitter cold early winter
set in
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Battle of Borodinoduring the invasion of Russia
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W l b N l T i h h B i i h
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Was to celebrate Napoleons Triumph vs. the British
Its design was inspired by the Roman Arch of Titus;
The Arc de Triomphe is so colossal that an early
daredevil flew his plane through it.
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Bad News for
Napoleon inRussia
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Vid Milit Di t N l I d
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Video: Military Disaster Napoleon Invades
Russia
The Fall of Napoleon (cont )
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Other European nationsrose up to attack the
crippled French army.
Paris was captured in1814, and Napoleon
was exiled to the islandof Elba.
Louis XVIII, Louis XVIsbrother, restored the Bourbon
monarchy. The king had little support.
Napoleon escaped Elba.
The Fall of Napoleon (cont.)
The Fall of Napoleon (cont )
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Troops were sent tocapture him, but on
their meeting,Napoleon invitedanyone to kill him.
No one did, and instead the troops shouted, VivelEmpereur!(Long Live the Emperor).
Napoleon entered Paris in triumph on March 20, 1815.
The Fall of Napoleon (cont.)
The Fall of Napoleon (cont )
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At Waterloo inBelgium in 1815,Napoleon wasdefeated by acombined British and
Prussian army underthe Duke ofWellington.
The allies exiled himto St. Helena, a smallisland in the southAtlantic. Napoleons
power was ended.
The Fall of Napoleon (cont.)
Duke of Wellington
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Video: Exile and Return & Waterloo
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Video: Exile and Return & Waterloo
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Napoleons defeat in the Battle of Waterloo inJune 1815 is the basis for the phrase
to have ones waterloo, which means tosuffer the decisive defeat of ones life.
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