classification why is it important to classify?. classification a. the arrangement of organisms into...

CLASSIFICATION

Why is it important to classify?

Classification

A. The arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on similarities.

B. Why do we classify?

a. Too many organisms exist. b. Saves time (organization).c. To study characteristics of

species.d. To study relationships

between species.

C. Early Systems of Classification

a. Aristotle introduced a two part system

b. Animals and PlantsAnimals Plants

Land HerbsAir ShrubsWater Trees

D. TODAYS CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

a. Introduced by Carolus Linnaeus

b. Classified by:

1. How organisms obtain food.

2. Body structures

3. Behavior- various adaptations

4. Chemical make up- genes, fossils, phylogeny

E. 8 levels of classification

a. Domain - largest, most general b. Kingdomc. Phylumd. Classe. Orderf. Familyg. Genush. Species- smallest, most similar

Did King Phillip Come Over For Grape Soda?

G. SUBDIVISIONS OF THE FOUR KINGDOMS

a. There are 6 subdivisions for each kingdom

P C O F G SEach subdivision is smaller

than the one before.

b. Organisms have more similarities as the group gets smaller.

c. Organisms within the same species normally can reproduce.

H. Binomial nomenclature

a. Developed by Carolus Linnaeus over 200 yrs ago.

b. A two name system- “Scientific name”1. First name- Genus (many similarities)2. Second name- Species (VERY similar)

3. Names are in Latin- “universal language”.

I. RULES TO WRITE SCIENTIFIC NAMES

a. No two organisms have the same scientific name.

b. Genus is always CAPITALIZEDc. Species is always lower cased. Example: Felis leo

J. COMMON NAMES

a. Mountain lion and puma b. Whistle pig and ground hogc. Grinny and chipmunk 1. Cause Confusion 2. Same name for different organisms

K. Scientific Names

a. Avoid communication errors

b. Groups similar phylogenyc. “Describes” the speciesd. Organizes for easier

identification