daftar pustaka national down syndrom society. about down

52

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

1. National Down Syndrom Society. About Down Syndrom. Available from

www.ndss.org[internet].(Diakses: 3 Januari 2015).

2. Wiseman FK, Alford K a, Tybulewicz VLJ, Fisher EMC. Down Syndrome-

-Recent Progress and Future Prospects. Hum Mol Genet. 2009.h:75-83.

doi:10.1093/hmg/ddp010.

3. Sherman SL, Allen EG, Bean LH, Freeman SB. Epidemiology of Down

Syndrome. 2007;227(July)h:221-7. doi:10.1002/mrdd.

4. Ghosh S, Hong C-S, Feingold E, et al. Epidemiology of Down syndrome:

new insight into the multidimensional interactions among genetic and

environmental risk factors in the oocyte. Am J Epidemiol. 2011.h:1009-16.

doi:10.1093/aje/kwr240.

5. Mohammed S, Harasi AL. Down Syndrome in Oman: Etiology, Prevalence

and Potential Risk Factors. A Cytogenetic, Molecular Genetic and

Epidemiological Study. 2010.h:1-12.

6. Quintana EM, Gonzales FR, Jil Jose MM, Munoz JA, Lago VN. Clinical

Outcome in Down Syndrome Patients with Congenital Heart Disease.

2010.h:245-50.

7. Laksono Sony P, Qomariyah, Purwaningsih Endang. Persentase Distribusi

Penyakit Genetik dan Penyakit yang Dapat Disebabkan oleh Faktor

Genetik di RSUD Serang. 2011.h:267-71.

53

8. Badang Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementrian Kesehatan

RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar. 2013.[internet].(diakses pada: 3 Januari 2015).

9. Bennetts LK, Flynn MC. Improving the Classroom Listening Skills of

Children with Down syndrome by Using Sound- Fi eld Amplification.

2002.h:19-24.

10. Kawanto FH, Soejatmiko, Hendarto A. Factors Associated with

Intelligence in Young Children with Down Syndrome. Paediatrica

Indonesiana. 2012.h:194-9.

11. Stoel-Gammon C. Down Syndrome Phonology: Developmental Patterns

and Intervention Strategies. Down Syndr Res Pract. 2001.h:93-100.

doi:10.3104/reviews.118.

12. Laws G, Bishop DVM. Verbal Deficits in Down’s Syndrome and Specific

Language Impairment: a Comparison. Int J Lang Commun Disord.

2004.h:423-51. doi:10.1080/13682820410001681207.

13. Kumin L, Ph D. Speech intelligibility and Childhood Verbal Apraxia in

Children with Down Syndrome. 2006.h:10-22.

14. National Down Syndrome Society. Downs's Syndrome and Childhood

Deafness. Available from: www.ndcs.org.uk.[internet].(Diakses: 15 Januari

2015).

15. Andrianti VB. Distribusi Kelainan Kromosom Sindrom Down dan Usia Ibu

saat Melahirkan di SLB Negeri Semarang. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas

Diponegoro Semarang. 2008.h:1-12.

54

16. Citumorang Charina. Hubungan Sindroma Down dengan Umur Ibu ,

Pendidikan Ibu , Pendapatan Keluarga , dan Faktor Lingkungan. 2011.h:96-

101.

17. Faradz SMH. Retardasi Mental Pendekatan Seluler dan Molekuler.

Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. 2004.h:6-17.

18. Nikmah Maulin. Status Fungsional Anak Sindroma Down Usia 6 - 18

Tahun Menurut Modified WeeFIM Serta Faktor Faktor yang Berhubungan

di Beberapa SLB C di Jakarta. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.

2013.h:5-15.

19. Ministry of Health New Zealand. The Clinical Assessment and

Management of Children , Young People and Adults with Down Syndrome

Recommended Clinical Practice. Available from:

www.moh.govt.nz.[internet].(Diakses: 13 Februari 2013)

20. Maroonroge S, Emanuel DC, Letowski TR. Basic Anatomy of the Hearing

System. doi:10.1037/e614362011-009.

21. Federal Aviation Administration. Hearing and Noise in Aviation. :1-4.

doi:10.1037/e560592010-001.

22. Phillips Scott. 4 . 1 Anatomy and Physiology of the Ear. Lecture from: Prof

Bilmes J. University of Washington Department of Electrical Engineering.

2005.

23. Alberti PW. The Anatomy and Physiology of the Ear and Hearing.

University of Toronto. h: 1-11.

55

24. University of Texas Health Science Centre at San Antonio. LESSON

FIVE : Anatomy of the Human Ear. 2001.h:4-7.

25. Swanepoel DW, Laurent C. Open Acces Guide to Audiology and Hearing

Aids for Otolaryngologist.h: 1-4. Available from:

entdev.uct.ac.za.[internet].(Diakses: 12 Februari 2015).

26. Duthey B. Priority Medicine for Europe and the World "A Public Health

Approach to Innovation ” Update on 2004 Background Paper Background

Paper 6 . 21 Hearing Loss. 2013.

27. Layton TL, Ph D, Drive M. Developmental Scale of Children with Down

Syndrome. 2004.

28. Kent RD, Vorperian HK. Speech impairment in Down syndrome: a review.

2013.h:178-210. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2012/12-0148).

29. Handayani F K, Soedjatmiko, Hendarto A. Factors associated with

intelligence in young children with Down syndrome. 2012.

30. American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2007). Scope of

Practice in Speech-Language Pathology [Scope of Practice].[internet]

Available from : www.asha.org/policy.(diakses pada : 3 Januari 2015).

31. Laws G, Hall A.Early Hearing Loss and Language Abillities In Children

With Down Syndrome.2014.

32. Laws G. Contributions of Phonological Memory, Language

Comprehension and Hearing to the Expressive Language of Adolescents

and Young Adults with Down Syndrome.2004.

56

Lampiran 1. Ethical Clearance

57

Lampiran 2. Surat Ijin Penelitian dan Peminjaman Data Rekam Medis

58

Lampiran 3. Surat Pernyataan Penelitian di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang

59

Lampiran 4. Data output SPSS Hasil Penelitian

Jenis kelamin * DDST

Crosstab

3 19 22

4.1 17.9 22.0

50.0% 73.1% 68.8%

9.4% 59.4% 68.8%

3 7 10

1.9 8.1 10.0

50.0% 26.9% 31.3%

9.4% 21.9% 31.3%

6 26 32

6.0 26.0 32.0

100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

18.8% 81.3% 100.0%

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Laki-laki

Perempuan

Jenis kelamin

Total

Normal Delay ed

DDST

Total

Chi-Square Tests

1.208b 1 .272

.373 1 .541

1.142 1 .285

.346 .264

1.171 1 .279

32

Pearson Chi-Square

Continuity Correctiona

Likelihood Ratio

Fisher's Exact Test

Linear-by-Linear

Association

N of Valid Cases

Value df

Asy mp. Sig.

(2-sided)

Exact Sig.

(2-sided)

Exact Sig.

(1-sided)

Computed only f or a 2x2 tablea.

2 cells (50.0%) hav e expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.

88.

b.

60

BERA AD * DDST

Crosstab

2 8 10

1.9 8.1 10.0

33.3% 30.8% 31.3%

6.3% 25.0% 31.3%

1 11 12

2.3 9.8 12.0

16.7% 42.3% 37.5%

3.1% 34.4% 37.5%

3 3 6

1.1 4.9 6.0

50.0% 11.5% 18.8%

9.4% 9.4% 18.8%

0 3 3

.6 2.4 3.0

.0% 11.5% 9.4%

.0% 9.4% 9.4%

0 1 1

.2 .8 1.0

.0% 3.8% 3.1%

.0% 3.1% 3.1%

6 26 32

6.0 26.0 32.0

100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

18.8% 81.3% 100.0%

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Normal

Ringan

Sedang

Berat

Sangat berat

BERA

AD

Total

Normal Delay ed

DDST

Total

Chi-Square Tests

5.634a 4 .228

5.675 4 .225

.001 1 .979

32

Pearson Chi-Square

Likelihood Ratio

Linear-by-Linear

Association

N of Valid Cases

Value df

Asy mp. Sig.

(2-sided)

8 cells (80.0%) have expected count less than 5. The

minimum expected count is .19.

a.

61

BERA AS * DDST

Crosstab

1 7 8

1.5 6.5 8.0

16.7% 26.9% 25.0%

3.1% 21.9% 25.0%

1 10 11

2.1 8.9 11.0

16.7% 38.5% 34.4%

3.1% 31.3% 34.4%

2 4 6

1.1 4.9 6.0

33.3% 15.4% 18.8%

6.3% 12.5% 18.8%

1 4 5

.9 4.1 5.0

16.7% 15.4% 15.6%

3.1% 12.5% 15.6%

1 1 2

.4 1.6 2.0

16.7% 3.8% 6.3%

3.1% 3.1% 6.3%

6 26 32

6.0 26.0 32.0

100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

18.8% 81.3% 100.0%

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Normal

Ringan

Sedang

Berat

Sangat berat

BERA

AS

Total

Normal Delay ed

DDST

Total

62

NPar Tests

Two-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test

Chi-Square Tests

3.004a 4 .557

2.740 4 .602

1.579 1 .209

32

Pearson Chi-Square

Likelihood Ratio

Linear-by-Linear

Association

N of Valid Cases

Value df

Asy mp. Sig.

(2-sided)

8 cells (80.0%) have expected count less than 5. The

minimum expected count is .38.

a.

Frequencies

6

26

32

6

26

32

DDST

Normal

Delay ed

Total

Normal

Delay ed

Total

BERA AD

BERA AS

N

Test Statisticsa

.231 .321

.231 .321

-.154 .000

.510 .708

.958 .698

Absolute

Positive

Negativ e

Most Extreme

Dif f erences

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z

Asy mp. Sig. (2-tailed)

BERA AD BERA AS

Grouping Variable: DDSTa.

63

BERA * DDST

Crosstab

1 7 8

1.5 6.5 8.0

16.7% 26.9% 25.0%

3.1% 21.9% 25.0%

1 10 11

2.1 8.9 11.0

16.7% 38.5% 34.4%

3.1% 31.3% 34.4%

2 4 6

1.1 4.9 6.0

33.3% 15.4% 18.8%

6.3% 12.5% 18.8%

1 4 5

.9 4.1 5.0

16.7% 15.4% 15.6%

3.1% 12.5% 15.6%

1 1 2

.4 1.6 2.0

16.7% 3.8% 6.3%

3.1% 3.1% 6.3%

6 26 32

6.0 26.0 32.0

100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

18.8% 81.3% 100.0%

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Count

Expected Count

% within DDST

% of Total

Normal

Ringan

Sedang

Berat

Sangat berat

BERA

Total

Normal Delay ed

DDST

Total

64

NPar Tests

Two-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test

Chi-Square Tests

3.004a 4 .557

2.740 4 .602

1.579 1 .209

32

Pearson Chi-Square

Likelihood Ratio

Linear-by-Linear

Association

N of Valid Cases

Value df

Asy mp. Sig.

(2-sided)

8 cells (80.0%) have expected count less than 5. The

minimum expected count is .38.

a.

Frequencies

6

26

32

DDST

Normal

Delay ed

Total

BERA

N

Test Statisticsa

.321

.321

.000

.708

.698

Absolute

Positive

Negativ e

Most Extreme

Dif f erences

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z

Asy mp. Sig. (2-tailed)

BERA

Grouping Variable: DDSTa.

65

Lampiran 5. Biodata Peneliti

Identitas

Nama : Arge Raviadi Muhammad

NIM : 22010111130067

Tempat, Tanggal Lahir : Klaten, 21 Oktober 1993

Jenis Kelamin : Laki – laki

Alamat : Jalan Kanguru Tengah 23 Semarang

Nomor HP : 081215894798

E-mail : raviadiarge@yahoo.com

Riwayat Pendidikan Formal

SD : SD Negeri Sompok Lulus : 2005

SMP : SMP Negeri 2 Semarang Lulus : 2008

SMA : SMA Negeri 3 Semarang Lulus : 2011

Kuliah : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro Masuk : 2011

Keanggotaan Organisasi

Staff SENIOR HIMA KU 2011/2012

Ketua Bidang SENIOR HIMA KU 2012/2013