erecting foundations under water (2)

A Presentation on……

Construction of Under Water Structures

ByYatiraj V. Gharse

M0810C02Construction Techniques

College of Engineering, Pune

ContentsErecting Foundations Under

WaterUnder Water Tunnel Construction Caisson for SeaworksUnder Water Construction Using

MembranePalm Islands

Erecting Foundations Under Water

Erecting Foundations Under Water Introduction:This is a simple & economical

method by which concrete structures can be erected in tidewater or other location under water, without subjecting any part of the structure to alternate submersion & exposure during setting.

Erecting Foundations Under Water

Material:Piles Shell of steelSandTremie concrete

Under Water Tunnel Construction

Under Water Tunnel Construction

Introduction:This method uses a double

layered flexible form & introduction of both an inert & a reactive fluid into spacing of the form so as to produce both the shape & the basic structure of the tunnel.

Under Water Tunnel Construction It is the method for the

construction of an underwater tunnel without underground excavation.

It provides a method of underwater construction without on site assembly of work for the basic structure of the instant tunnel.

Under Water Tunnel Construction Materials:Plain concreteR.C.CFabrics such as Nylon, PVCInert fluid (water) Reactive fluid (concrete)

Caisson for Seaworks

Caisson for SeaworksIntroduction:A caissons is used in constructing

seaworks which comprises. of compartments for receiving ballast

Caisson for SeaworksThe advantage of using this

method is to built seawork without using floating equipment& divers.

The work can be, for instance, protective dykes, elements of artificial island.

Caisson for SeaworksMaterialsGranular material (pebbles)Laminated nylonLiquid ballastCementSand

Under Water Construction Using Membrane

Under Water Construction Using Membrane

Introduction:This method involves

constructing free standing structure in water, comprising impervious membrane.

This membrane is partially filled with

nonhardenable particulate

Under Water Construction Using Membrane

This method is used for construction of a breakwater or an island providing a work area above it.

Under Water Construction Using Membrane

MaterialsMembrane (Nylon fabric coated

on both sides with abrasion resistant neoprene rubber).

SandCement

Palm Islands

Palm Islands Introduction:Palm Islands are artificial

peninsulas constructed of sand dredged from the bottom of the Persian Gulf .

The islands are the Palm Jumeirah,, the Palm Jebel Ali and the Palm Deira.

Palm IslandsThe sand is sprayed by the dredging

ships, which are guided by GPS, onto the required area in a process known as rainbowing.

The outer edge of each Palm's encircling crescent is a large rock breakwater. The breakwater of the Palm Jumeirah has over 7 million tons of rock. Each rock was placed individually by a crane, signed off by a diver and given a GPS coordinate.

Palm IslandsThe reclamation project of the Palm

Jebel Ali includes the creation of a 4 km long peninsula, protected by a 200 m wide and 17 km long breakwater built around the island.

135,000,000 m³ of rock, sand and limestone were reclaimed (partly originating from the Jebel Ali Entrance Channel dredging works).

There are approximately 5,000,000 m³ of rocks in the slope protection works.

Rainbowing Definition:Rainbowing is the process in

which a dredging ship propels sand that has been claimed from the ocean floor in a high arc to a particular location.

RainbowingThis is used for multiple

purposes, ranging from building up a beach to prevent erosion to constructing new islands.

The name is derived from the appearance of the arc, which closely resembles a brown-colored rainbow.

This technique was notably used extensively in the construction of the Palm Islands.

ReferencesFree patent online.comPatentstrorm.comUnderwaterstructure.comPalm Islands - Wikipedia, the free

encyclopedia.mhtRainbowing - Wikipedia, the free

encyclopedia.mht

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