india

UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE CHIAPASESCUELA DE LENGUAS TUXTLA

LICENCIATURA EN LA ENSEÑANZA DEL INGLÉSDESARROLLO DE LA LENGUA INGLESA

INDIA

Méndez PabloRodríguez ItzelVelasco Ramón October 29th , 2013

Table of Contents • Name / Location

• Flag

• Government

• Currency

• Widely known natural and touristic places of India

• Religion

• Dress

• Traditions: Wedding

• Bollywood

• Wildlife of India

• Indian Cuisine and Common Ingredients

• History

• Important People

• Languages / English Language in India / Characteristics and Speaking

INTRODUCTIONIndia is the Seventh-Largest country in South Asia and all we know about this mystical country came from movies and news on television. So, it is why in this presentation we are going to learn more about India; Its origins, natural features, traditions and making more emphasis to the arrival and the importance of the English language in the Hindu culture.

The Republic of India

Original name in Hindi भा�रत गणर�ज्य

(Bhārat Gaṇarājya – Republic of India)

Bhārata, is the self-ascribed Sanskrit name for the Indian

subcontinentinent.

LocationBorders:

E=the Bay of BengalW= the Arabian Sea

S= Indian Ocean

India is divided in 28 states and

7 Union Territories.

Flags

1858 1904 1906

1907

The Indian national flag, represents India's long struggle for freedom. It is a national treasure. It signifies the status of India as an independent republic.

1916 1921 1931

1947

Flags

the flag of 1931 was adopted as Indian flag. India saffron, white, and India green. In the

middle the 'Chakra' (wheel) with 24 spokes in navy blue.

GovernmentIndia is the world's largest democracy. It is a federation with a parliamentary system governed under the Constitution of India.The federal government comprises three branches:Executive. President, Vice-President and Prime MinisterLegislative. the bicameral parliament: the Rajya Sabha ("Council of States") and the Lok Sabha ("House of the People"). Judicial. The Supreme Court.

Shri Pranab MukherjeePresident

Shri Mohammad Hamid AnsariVice-President

Manmohan SinghPrime Minister

CurrencyThe official currency of the Republic of India is the Indian Rupee.In denomination of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1000.

Currency

Rupee coins are available in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 50, 100, 150 and 1000

Widely KnownNatural and Touristic Places of India

The Himalayans

It is the highest mountain system in the planet, and home to the world's highest peaks.

The Ganges It is the second largest river in the Indian subcontinent (2.510 km).swimming in the Ganges is believed to clean yourself of sins and helps to attain salvation.

The Taj Mahal(Crown of Palaces)

VideoTaj Mahal (Complete Story within 2.5 minutes) :http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5DETzmk6qio

Religion

The main Indian religions0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

307

650

4 16.5

Buddhism Hinduism Jainism Sikhism

Mill

ions

The main Indian religions are linked by a belief in karma. Life is regarded as a continual cycle of birth, life and re-birth (samasara) and that the deeds or desires of part lives determines ones fate in this and future

lives.

Typical dress for women

SariWorn in special occasions

Pattu Pavadai or Langa davani

Worn by teenagers and Little girls

Ghagra Choli or Lehenga CholiWorn in folk dances

Typical dress for Men

Panche or LungiVery traditional garment

DhotiWorn by men in villages

DastarAlso known as Pagri

Pheta (turban in the state of Maharashtra)

Other Clothing

Mysore PetaWorn by kings during formal meetings or festivals

Gandhi capIt was popularized by Mahatma Gandhi

Contemporany Clothing

TraditionsIndian Wedding

The ceremonies that take place before the wedding are:

•Misri, the ring ceremony, takes place several days before the wedding. Seven married women are called to draw the sign of Lord Ganesha in red powder spread above a bowl of rock sugar, and then prayers are said by the bride, the groom, and their parents. The bride and the groom proceed to exchange flowered garlands and gold rings in front of their priest.

•Mehendi takes place the day before the wedding and is an only-ladies ceremony. Patterns drawn with henna are applied to the bride’s hands and feet which symbolize the deepening of bonds with her future husband. This ceremony will often merge with Sagri, also known as the ‘acquaintance party’, where the groom’s female relations visit the bride bearing gifts and flowers to adorn her.

•The Nav-Graha Puja is a ceremony in which the says prayers at the groom and bride’s homes to the Gods of the “nine planets”,•The Ghari Puja, is a ceremony which includes a series of prayers combined with offerings of wheat, coconut, betel nuts, rice and spices for prosperity.

The day of the wedding begins with the Haldi ritual in which the bride is cleansed at her home with turmeric powder. This is followed by the Swagatam ceremony, in which her female relatives help her dress in her wedding sari.

At the temples, the ceremony begins with Madhuparka as the groom receives gifts from the bride’s father. Mantras are chanted during Kanya Daan as the bride’s father presents her to her fiancée and he takes her left hand in his right in Pani Grahan as he accepts her as his wife.

BollywoodWhat is it about?

It's a popular nickname for the most popular cinema on the planet: the Hindi-language film industry based in Bombay (AKA Mumbai). Bollywood films are usually musicals and the plots are often melodramatic.

A 2013 Movie of Bollywood

VideoLavani - Full Song | Zapatlela 2 | Adinath Kothare, Sonalee Kulkarni: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=096lImuOnsM

Wildlife of IndiaCommon animals

Indian or Asian Elephant

Wild Ass

Lion Tailed Macaque

Royal Bengal Tiger

Indian Flying Fox

Wildlife of IndiaCommon flowers

Marigold

Roses

Jasmine

Lotus

Bougainvillea

Orchid

Indian Cuisine

India cuisine or Indian food encompasses a wide variety of regional cuisines native to India. Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate and occupations, these cuisines vary significantly from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables and fruits. Indian food is also heavily influenced by religious and cultural choices

Jhinga Goa Curry(Indian shrimp in spicy coconut curry)

Besan Laddu (Indian sweet chickpea flour balls)

Shahi Korma (Indian lamb in a creamy nut sauce)

Pakoras(Savory fritters)

Sambar(Indian spicy lentil stew)

Some Popular Dishes

Common Ingredients

CurryBotanical name Murraya

Koenigin Sprengel.Widely used in South India

curry in India means a sauce or gravy

Named ‘Curry’ by the British

TeaWorld’s largest producer of

teaCommercial production

started by the British East India Company

Tea Chai and Masala

Common Ingredients

CoffeeSweeten it with sugar and blend it

with milk till it is light brown in colorIt is very popular in the southern

When the British levied a heavy tax the nation-wide beverage (tea) in the 19th century, this drove the

Indians towards coffee.

History of India

2500 BC The earliest

inhabitants, a very advanced civilization

which was Indigenous.

The cities of Mohenjo-daro and

Harrapa.

Aryan Invasion1500 BC

They came from the grasslands of central

Asia and thereby lived a nomadic life

based on cattle raising.

InvasionsThere were constant invasions from Asia: Alexander the Great,

the Scythians, the Huns, the Arabians,

Persians and Afghans.

Various religious groups battled for dominion. (The

Hindu, Muslim and Buddhists)

• It has been said that the British Empire was picked up in a "fit of absence of mind." Nowhere was this more true than in the case of India which gradually came under British rule, not by the efforts of Britain's government, but by those of the British East Indies Company.

British Rule in India

(1600-1947)

The British East Indies Company

1599

Founded by a group of merchants in search of

nothing more than “Quiet Trade”.

1600Portugal was losing

control of the East Asian Spice trade.

British East Indies Company gained the

right to set up trading posts along the coast of India: Madras, Bombay,

and Calcutta.

The Mughal Empire

This dynasty had ruled most of India peacefully and tolerantly for a century since the 1500's. However, during the reign of Aurangzeb (1658-1707) all that changed as he started persecuting Hindus.

The Seven Years War (1756-63)

• Sepoys• The Seven Years War (1756-63).• Under the leadership of Robert Clive had virtually ended French

involvement in India.

The Effects of the British Dominance

While company employees who survived service in India were making their fortunes, the company's loose management was costing it a fortune, forcing it to apply to the Bank of England for a loan in 1773 in order to avoid bankruptcy. As a result, Parliament exercised increasing control over the company, establishing governors-general to oversee its activities.

Modern technology (especially railroads) and business

methods.

The growing number of Christian

missionaries.

More flexible beliefs of the Hindu majority and

the strong beliefs of Indian Muslims

Independence Movement

The Indian National Congress, founded in 1885, led the independence movement. At first, its goal was to gain more rights for Indians and more say in the British administration.

The independence movement of Muslims in India who feared being a minority in a Hindu-dominated state. They wanted a separate independent Muslim state in the northwest.

World War I (1914-18) and World War II (1939-45) further catalyzed India’s push for independence, since Britain had to rely heavily on Indian recruits to fill its ranks.

Independence Movement

Britain promised more political concessions, thus weakening its hold on India, encouraging more demand by Indians, and so on.

In 1920, a new leader, Mahatma Gandhi emerged as the voice of the Indian National Congress. Educated in both traditional Indian culture and British schools, Gandhi developed very effective non-violent tactics of resistance while protesting British policies.

Finally, in 1947 Britain the region between Hindu India in the South and Muslim Pakistan in the Northwest that also controlled a separate territory, Bangla Desh, in the Northeast.

Important PeopleMahatma Ghandi (October 2, 1869 – January 30, 1948)

• He’s considered the father of the Indian independence movement.

• Gandhi spent 20 years in South Africa working to fight discrimination.

• Satyagraha, a non-violent way of protesting against injustices.

• He spent his remaining years working diligently to both remove British rule from India as well as to better the lives of India's poorest classes.

Gandhi Quotes

VideoMahatma Gandhi quotes: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q6Fmx5nY5XI

Mother Teresa (August 26, 1910 - September 5, 1997)

Important People

Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu, now known as Mother Teresa, founded the Missionaries of Charity, a Catholic order of nuns dedicated to helping the poor. Begun in Calcutta, India, the Missionaries of Charity grew to help the poor, the dying, orphans, lepers, and AIDS sufferers in over a hundred countries. Mother Teresa's selfless effort to help those in need has caused many to regard her as a model humanitarian.

Kunal Nayyar (April 30, 1981)

Important People

He’s an India actor born in London, England, and raised in New Delhi, India. He is known for his role as Rajesh Koothrappali on the CBS sitcom The Big Bang Theory.

Languages in India

• There are 22 different languages that have been recognized by the Constitution of India, of which Hindi is an Official Language.

• Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Guajarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santhali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.

13 83

12

46

422

375

2 1233

1

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29

14

62

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Assasamese Bengali Bodo Dogri Guajarati Hindi Kannada KashimiriKonkani Maithili Malayalam Manipuri Marathi Nepali Oriya PunjabiSanskrit Santhali Sindhi Tamil Telugu Urdu

Languages in India

English Language in India• English is an additional co-official language for Government work, also English

has a status of assistant language,• After Hindi it is the most commonly spoken language in India and probably the

most read and written language.• English symbolizes in Indians minds, better education, better culture and

higher intellect. • English also serves as the communicator among Indians who speak different

language.• English is very important in some systems – legal,

financial, educational, business – in India.

The reason Indians give such importance to English is related to the fact that India was a British colony

The Distinguishing Characteristics of Indian English

• Some Indian English speakers had a tendency to drop the -ed ending after /k/ and /t/ (ex: walked became walk)

• The consonants /p/, /t/, and /k/ tend to be unaspirated.• In some regions, /v/ and /w/ are not distinguished (volleyball is

the same as wallyball)• Suffixes tend to be stressed.• Indians also pluralize many English mass nouns and end up with

words such as litters, furnitures, and woods.• Indians also shorten many words to create commonly used

terms (Enthusiasm = enthu) (fundamentals = funda)“He's a real enthu guy” “She knows her fundas”

When Indians use English, it is often a mixture of English, Hindi, and other languages.

Some expressions such as general mai (in general) and ek minute (one minute) are prevalent in Indian English. Other commonly used Hindi terms and

expressions include the following:

Hindi EnglishAchchaa Good

Bahut A lotGhotu One who reads a lot

Koi bat nahi No problemKya hall hai How are you

Teek hai Okay (lit: it is right)

The Sterotype we have about the English in India

VideoHollywood Stars Indian: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=olF4kpkiWys

The use of only and itself to emphasize time and place. “I was in Toledo only” and “Can we meet tomorrow itself?”

Reduplication as a way of emphasizing an action or intensifying or extending something.

“Come! Come!” and “Sit! Sit” / “hot, hot water” and “long, long hair”

The use of the progressive aspect with habitual actions, completed actions, and stative verbs.

“I am doing it often” / “I do it often”“Where are you coming from?” / “Where have you come from?”

“She was having many sarees” / “She had many sarees”

How actually the English of India sounds

VideoKunal Nayyar Wants To Be Hairless As An Olympic Swimmer: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KZ_suuBidwI

Speaking English in India

Some phrases and words used in the daily lives of the Hindu people are:

English from India English equivalence

Drivery Driver

Doing Marketing Going to Shopping

What is your good name? Asking for your full name

Where are you put up? Where are you currently staying?

Timing schedule

Intimate with someone Talk an important issue with someone

Out of station Out of town

CONCLUSIONAs we have seen, the English variety in India is clearly influenced by the lifestyle, customs and languages of the country itself.Although the recently liberation of India from the British rule, we should not forget the importance that the Hindu people give to English language.It is a remarkable feature in the society: as a linker between people and as an advanced source of knowledge in science, technology and medicine.

Thank you for your attention!

Sources• Darlington, R. (2012) A Short Guide to the Indian Political System. (Online)

Retrieved from: http://www.rogerdarlington.me.uk/Indianpoliticalsystem.html

• From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia: India. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India

• The President of India Shri Pranab Mukherjee. Retrieved from: http://presidentofindia.nic.in/Profile.html

• Vice President of India Shri M. Hamid Ansari. Retrieved from: http://www.vicepresidentofindia.nic.in/profile.asp

• Prime Minster of India: http://www.theunrealtimes.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/manmoha

n-singh12.jpg• India Flag (Online). Retrieved from:

http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/india/national-flag.htm

• Historical Flags (2013). Retrieved from: http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/in-hist.html

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• 12 Animals from India (2010). Retrieved from: http://www.teachindiaproject.org/12_Animals_From_India.htm

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http://www.sanghparivar.org/forum/origin-of-indias-name• http://india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi-eng-schedules_1-12.pdf#page=62• http://india.gov.in/india-glance/profile• http://www.nationsonline.org/bilder/map_of_india50.jpg

• http://india.gov.in/india-glance/profile• http://ww2.valdosta.edu/~mshiers/map.gif• Pictures: http://www.bemoneyaware.com/images/coinscurrency/indian_rupees.jpg

and http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v729/RockyHorror/store_coins/world/CIND-CSET5-2011.jpg

• Indian Rupee. Wikipedia de the free encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupee

• World touristic attractions (Online). The best 10 touristic attractions in India. Retrieved from: http://thetouristattractions.blogspot.mx/2012/02/best-10-tourist-attractions-in-india.html

• Map from: http://www.cepf.net/SiteCollectionImages/Maps/482_Himalaya_Indo_Burma_map.jpg

• Ganges Picture from: http://assets.panda.org/img/original/ganges.gif

• Quick Reference (Online). Indian Religions. Retrieved from: http://www.quick-facts.co.uk/religion/indian.htm• Pictures: http://gbgm-umc.org/missionstudies/interfaith/images/sym-

jainism-210.gif• http://www.religionfacts.com/hinduism/images/symbols/aum-200.gif• http://jpra6.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/buddishm-logo.jpg• http://ecsforum6.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/sikhism.gif• Indian Cuisine. Wikipedia the free encyclopedia. Retrieved from:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_cuisine• India: Menu of typical dishes (Online). Retrieved from:

http://www.whats4eats.com/east-asia/india-cuisine-menu • Abstract of Speakers' Strength of Languages and Mother Tongues – 2001

(2011) Retrieved from: http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement1.htm

• Clothing in India. Wikipedia the free enclyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clothing_in_India • Pictures:• http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-onJG2gggT90/T4nPisud5OI/AAAAAAAAAJ4/p29-

vQsSYxs/s1600/sarees.jpg• http://cdn.indusdiva.com/2877-thickbox/red-and-parrot-green-pure-cotton-

ghagra-choli.jpg• http://indiabazaar.net/images/P/dhotikurta.jpg• http://images04.olx.in/ui/10/72/57/1371968173_521536557_1-Pattu-

Pavada-Available-from-0-Size-in-differnt-colours-and-design039s-Vignana-Nagar.jpg• http://barbsbookwiki.pbworks.com/f/lungi.jpg• http://images01.olx.in/ui/2/62/85/18925785_1.jpg• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Nehru1920.jpg

• The importance of curry leaves (Online). Retrieved from: http://www.articlesbase.com/food-and-beverage-articles/the-importance-of-curry-leaves-1351297.html

• Malhi M. (Online). HISTORY OF CURRY. Retrieved from: http://www.hub-uk.com/interesting/curry-history.htm

• Pictures: • Coffee: http://www.practicalpolymath.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Coffee-Beans.jpg• Curry: http://www.salud180.com/sites/www.salud180.com/files/curry_1.jpg• Tea: http://www.kungaloosh.com/images/products/chai-tea-milk.jpg• Picture: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Gandhi_smiling_R.jpg• Rosenberg, J (Online) Retrieved from:

http://history1900s.about.com/od/people/a/gandhi.htm• Picture: http://bywilliamcarter.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/teresa.jpg• Rosenberg, J (Online) Retrieved from:

http://history1900s.about.com/od/people/a/motherteresa.htm

• Biography for Kunal Nayyar(Online) Retrieved from: http://www.imdb.com/name/nm2471798/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm

• Picture: http://ia.media-imdb.com/images/M/MV5BMTQzMzQyMTYyM15BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNjYyMDI5Mg@@._V1._SX281_SY400_.jpg

• Source: BW Help: What is Bollywood (Online) Retrieved from: http://www.bollywoodnewsworld.com/whatisbollywood/

• Thee guide for clueless fans of hindi films (Online) Retrieved from: http://www.bollywhat.com/faq.html

• Videos:

Kunal Nayyar Wants To Be Hairless As An Olympic Swimmer: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KZ_suuBidwI

Mahatma Gandhi quotes: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q6Fmx5nY5XI

Lavani - Full Song | Zapatlela 2 | Adinath Kothare, Sonalee Kulkarni: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=096lImuOnsM

Hollywood Stars Indian: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=olF4kpkiWys

• Taj Mahal (Complete Story within 2.5 minutes) :

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5DETzmk6qio

• Indian Wedding Traditions (2013). Retrieved from: http://www.bellapictures.com/planning/indian-wedding-traditions• Picture:

http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/southasia/newmanas/mugjehang.jpg• http://www.ccis.edu/courses/HIST359mtmcinneshin1/week05/

clive_of_india.jpg