macro photography close-up and macro photographyx

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 1/45

Close-u p and Macr o Ph o t ogr aph y

Ken t Messam ore

9 / 5 / 2 0 1 1

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 2/45

Close-up and Macro Photography

Reproduction Ratio

Size of Subject related to Size it appears on “Sensor”

Same Size or Life size = 1:1 Ratio or 1X

Five Times = 5:1 Ratio or 5X

Close up Photography is generally 1:10 to 1:1

Macro Photography is generally 1:1 to 10:1 or 10X

Micro Photography is generally 10:1 up

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 2

One Inch 1/4 Inch

= 1:4 Ratio or ¼ X

Camera

Sensor

Camera

Lens

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 3/45

Close-up and Macro Photography

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 3

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 4/45

Close-up & Macro equipment

Macro Lenses

Tripod, Remote Cable

Macro Focusing Rail

Extension Tubes

Bellows

Teleconverters

Lighting Equipment

Polarizer Filters

Macro Filters

Reflector

Plamp

Right Angle View Finder

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 4

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 5/45

Macro with a point & shoot

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 5

Point & Shoot Macro Icon

Macro Movies

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 6/45

Designed for Close-up photography

Also useful for general photography

Most are 1:1 Life size

Preferred choice for Close-upphotography

Expensive Canon 100 mm f/2.8 1X ($949)

Canon 60 mm f/2.8 1X ($409)

Canon 65 mm f/2.8 5X ($929)

Canon 180 mm f/3.5 1X ($1,300)

Nikon 60mm f/2.8 1X ($519)

Macro Lenses

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 6

Canon 180 mm f/2.8

Canon 65 mm

f/2.8 1 – 5X

Canon 100 mm f/2.8 1X

Nikon60 mm f/2.8 1X

Canon 60 mm f/2.8 1X

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 7/45

Tripod - Preventing Camera vibration

Requirements for a tripod to support Macro

Sturdy

Convenient height without center post

Legs flex to get close to ground

No or movable center post Joby GorillaPod – very nice portable &

flexible small tripod

Beanbag

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 7

Joby GorillaPod

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 8/45

Macro focusing Rail

Adorama Macro Focusing Rail ($180)

Extremely fine focusing adjustments

Movement in four directions

– right, left, forward, backward

Fits on most tripods

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 8

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 9/45

Extension Tubes

Enable lens to focus closer than normal

minimum focusing distance

Getting closer magnifies your subject

Converts almost any lens to a Macro lens

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 9

No optics, but create distance between lens and sensor

The greater the length of extension tube, closer lens can focus

Extension Tubes can be stacked to give even closer focus

Extension Tubes will cause loss of several stops of light

Loss of light will probably cause loss of auto-focus. Focus

Manually

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 10/45

Bellows

Similar to Extension Tubes, Bellows

increases distance between lens and

sensor.

Achieves a variety of ReproductionRations

Extended Monorail Bellows for

SLRs ($1750)

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 10

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 11/45

Teleconverters

Optical components that fit between lens and

camera

Usually 1.4x or 2x multipliers to lens focal

length Increase lens magnification without altering

minimum focus distance

Cause loss of light: 1.4x – 1 stop; 2x – 2 stops

Very slight loss in image quality Some lenses are incompatible with them

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 11

Canon 1.4x

$300

Canon 2x

$300

Nikon 2x

$300

Nikon 2x

$300

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 12/45

Lighting Equipment

Canon Ring Light ($495)

Canon Macro Twin Light ($729)

Nikon Macro Twin Light ($489)

Phoenix Flash Macro Ring Flash ($98)

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 12

Nikon

Canon

Canon

Third Party

(Phoenix)

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 13/45

Polarizer Filter

Increases color saturation and contrast. Works on

blue not gray sky

Change the degree of polarization by rotating the

filter

Zero polarization into or away from sun.

Max effect perpendicular to line to the sun

Effect cannot be reproduced in post-production

Reduces light as much as 1- 2 stops; 2 stops at

full polarization effect.

Two types of Polarizer: Circular and Linear.

Only buy a Circular polarizer as it will have an

effect on both Linear and Circular polarized light.

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 13

Reduces reflections on non-metallic surfaces such as water and glass

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 14/45

Macro Filter

Extra lens placed in front of lens

Makes close-ups possible with

normal lens

Can be stacked to increaseeffect

Can soften image considerably

reducing quality

Not recommended. Use Extension Tubes instead

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 14

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 15/45

Reflector

12 Inch Silver & Gold Reflector ($10)

You might try making your own

reflector by taping a piece of 

aluminum foil to a piece of cardboard.

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 15

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 16/45

Plamp

Wimberley Plamp ($37)

Clamps to Tripod

Great for Macro shots

Holds subject

Holds obstructing background

objects out of way

Steady windblown objects

Holds reflector, diffuser, flags

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 16

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 17/45

Right angle Finder

Canon Right Angle Finder ($180)

Nikon Right Angle Finder ($220)

Opteka Professional 1X-2.5X Right

Angle Viewfinder for Canon,Nikon ($50)

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 17

Canon Nikon Third Party (Opteka)

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 18/45

Depth of Field

Point size object becomes a circle.

The circle size is a characteristic of the Lens and Focal Length.

What is acceptably sharp is acharacteristic of the human eye

Perfect lens would focus a point size objectat a point on the sensor

No lenses are perfect and Human eye canonly resolve a point size object down to asmall circle

Thus the point size object becomes a verysmall circle

As you scale the point size object to anentire photograph, some portions of thephotograph are sharply in focus and someare blurred

This is a very complex subject: Depth of Field is determined by:

f/stop or Aperture

Focal Length

Distance to the Subject

Lens sharpness

Sensor size

Print Size

Print viewing distance

Human eye characteristics

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 18

Object

Focal Length

   S

  e  n  s  o  r

LensDepth of Field

O

What is “Sharp” in a photograph?

For more depth on the subject try this link:http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/depth-of-field.htm 

Your eye perceives

sharpness within this

distance

blurredblurred

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 19/45

Depth of Field

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 19

Focus Point

Focus Point

Shallow DOF

Large DOF

1/3 2/3Distance: The greater the distance from the subject, the

greater the DOF. If you want more DOF, Step back . If 

you want less DOF move close up

Control over DEF:

Three (3) things you can do to

control DOF:

Lens Focal Length: 

Increasing focal

length reduces DOF.

Decreasing focal

Length increases

DOF. Telephotostypically have small

DOFs; Wide Angle

lenses have large

DOF.

Watch out for Zoom

Lenses as the DOF

changes as you

Zoom in and out.

f/stop: Decreasing aperture (increasing

f/stop) gives you greater DOF;

Increasing aperture reduces DOF. LessDOF – Open your lens; More DOF –

Stop it down.

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 20/45

Depth of Field

Hyperfocal distance is the closest distance at which a lens can be

focused while keeping objects at infinity acceptably sharp.

Focus 1/3 of way into scene for maximum Depth of Field

For practical Macro application

Focus on infinity

Look at Depth of Field Preview

Identify closest spot in scene which still remains sharp

Refocus on that spot Take the shot and you will have maximum DOF

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 20

Focus Point

Max DOF

1/3 2/3

Hyperfocal

Distance

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 21/45

Depth of Field

In Macro Photography we are pushingone of the key factors influencingDepth of Field.

The close r you r a re t o you r sub j ectt h e n ar r o w er y o u r DOF

50 mm lens at f/4 focused at 1 foot -

DOF = 1/16 inch 50 mm lens at f/11 focused at 1 foot -

DOF = 1/2 inch

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 21

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 22/45

For Maximum DOF keep sensor plane

parallel to subject to maximize DOF 

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 22

Plane o f Sensor

Sensor equ id i s tan tf rom sub j ect

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 23/45

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 23

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 24/45

Dragon Flies

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 24

http://bugguide.net/node/view/15740 http://www.macro-photo.org/ 

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 25/45

Butterflies

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 25

Westford Butterfly Place - https://butterflyplace-ma.com/ Butterfly Conservatory Deerfield, MA https://wwwmagicwings.net 

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 26/45

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 26

Look for the proboscis

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 27/45

Bees

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 27

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 28/45

See if you can catch one flying

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 28

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 29/45

Arachnids

Spiders & Spider Webs are great Macro Subjects

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 29

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 30/45

Misc Bugs

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 30

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 31/45

Really big Bugs

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 31

Art Vaughn

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 32/45

Caterpillers

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 32

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 33/45

Reptiles

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 33

Blue Tongued Skank 

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 34/45

Frogs

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 34

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 35/45

Flesh Eating Plants

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 35

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 36/45

Flower Buds

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 36

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 37/45

Beautiful Flowers

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 37

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 38/45

Shooting Flowers

Flowers usually have long stems whichare susceptible to small breezes

Use fast shutter speed

Use stick to stabilize stem (out of picture)

If you open the aperture to get more

light you will get narrow depth of field If you use high ISO you will get noise

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 38

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 39/45

Beautiful Flowers

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 39

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 40/45

Focusing in Closer

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 40

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 41/45

Focusing in Closer

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 41

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 42/45

Mushrooms

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 42

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 43/45

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 44/45

Misc

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 44

Pepper Corns

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/macro-photography-close-up-and-macro-photographyx 45/45

Food – Hmmm!! Chocolate!!

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 45