nucleic acids carbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic acids
Post on 19-Dec-2015
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Nucleic acids
• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• Nucleic acids
Functions of nucleic acids / nucleotides
• Building blocks of chromosomes– 1.– 2.
• Energy carriers– 1.
• Capture reducing power– 1.– 2.
Nucleic acid structure
• DNA and RNA have a couple important differences– The sugar– The choice of nucleotide bases
– Know the difference between DNA and RNA!
DNA = ___________________________
RNA = ___________________________
The nucleic acid has three components:1. _____________
2. _____________
3. _____________
• The purines are:
• The pyrimidines are:
Dehydration to form the nucleotide from its component units
NH
N
N
O
NH2NH
O
H
HH
H
CH2
HOH
OP-O
O
O-
NH
N
N
O
NH2N
O
H
HH
HHOH
OP-O
O
O-
OHHO
- 2 H2O
Dehydration reactions to link nucleotide units to form nucleic acids
Always name nucleic acids from 5’ to 3’ !!!
ATP / ADP = adenosine triphosphate / adenosine diphosphate
NADH = nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide;
NADPH = nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
phosphate
Nomenclature considerations
• The building block unit nucleic acids is the __________
• The individual component pyrimidines and purines are called:
• The names change when they are incorporated into the nucleotide structure:
• The names are abbreviated in a couple ways: – Three letter abbreviations: (for DNA, for RNA)
– One letter abbreviations:
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