processing and analysis: statistical …signal processing and analysis: statistical techniques,...

0D-8193 244 SIGNAL PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS: STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES 1/1EFFICIENT ALGORITH..(U) MOORE SCHOOL OF ELECTRICALENGINEERING PHILADELPHIA PA DEPT 0. S A KASSAM

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M MING ORGANIZATION RE1PORT NUMBER(MS) S. MONITORI nOUnA:O T..iI

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University of Pennsylvania ________ AFOSR/NiMIe ADDRESS (City. State and ZIP Code) 7b. ADORES (City. Stan and ZIP Code)

Dept. of Electrical Eng. BI31F 410Philadelphia, PA 19104-6390 Boll :Ai-'32 D Z0Z32..AAA

b. NAME or FUNOING/SPONSORING 8111. OFFICE SYMBOL. B. PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION4 NUMBERORGANIZATION it applicable

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PROGRAM PROjaCT TASK WORK UNIT

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FialFROM 7/13/84 TO 7/14/81 3/27/8614. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION

1?. COSATi CODES 1B. SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on rr if nectizary and identy by block numbers

FIELD0 GROUP suB. GR.

1B. ABSTRACT (Contianue on revers 'if necesary and identify by' blocle numb.',

A "AX 11/750 minicomputer and an image display and graphics controller andadditional pieces of hardware were acquired. This equipment has enabled the signalProcessing Research Laboratory to be established at the University of Pennsylvania.The laboratory supports the needs of four faculty members and ten graduate studentsworking on AFOSR and ONR sponsored research.

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26 DISTAl BUTION/A VAI LABILITY OP ABSTRACT 21. ABSTRACT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 0UNCLASSIFIEOIUNLIMITEO 0 SAME AS APT. E: OTIC USERS C

lie. NAME OP RESPONSIBLE INDIVIDUAL 22b. TELEPHONE NUMBER 22c. OFFICE SYMBOLIinetud. A e Code)

Maj. Woodruff 1(202)767-5027

00 FORM 1473,083 APR EDITION OF I JAN 73 IS OBSOLETE.

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AFOSR.Tht. 870943

FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT

AFOSR EQUIPMENT GRANT 84-0255

SIGNAL PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS: STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES, EFFICIENTALGORITHMS, NONLINEAR PROCESSING, EM ANALYSIS

Grant Amount: $141,339

Grant Year. July 15, 1984 - July 14, 1985

Report Date: August 27, 1986

Saleem A. KassamPrincipal Investigator

Accesiorn ForJINTIS CRAWiDTIC TAB L)

Justificijt~IO

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66

This equipment grant was awarded for the purpose of upgrading our researchcapability in the areas of signal processing and analysis, on which we have beenactive for over ten years primarily under AFOSR sponsorship. At the beginning of theequipment grant period we had no laboratory associated with our research; we nowpossess a very useful laboratory facility, the SIGNAL PROCESSING RESEARCHLABORATORY, which has been established in two rooms made available to us in theelectrical engineering department. An industrial cash grant was obtained to meet thepower supply and air conditioning costs for the laboratory. The total area of thefacility is approximately 800 square feet and houses the hardware which has beenacquired under the equipment grant.

The two main hardware systems that have been possible through this grant are:

1) A VAX 11/750 minicomputer system with 4Mb of main memory, afloating point accelerator, communication ports, two 456 Mb disk drives,a tape drive, four terminals including two graphics terminals, two printersand two plotters;

2) An image display and graphics controller (Raster Tech) with two colormonitors, which is interfaced to the VAX and to a DEC Rainbowmicrocomputer, and a video camera with a frame grabber resident on anIBM PC XT microcomputer for image capture.

Additional pieces of hardware acquired under this grant include a digital signalprocessing development system installed in an IBM PC XT microcomputer, an IBMPC AT microcomputer, communication modems and printers.

A primary need that the new laboratory has been serving very well is that of areasonably powerful computational and simulation facility which can be coupleddirectly to signal processing hardware. Another major function of this laboratory is toprovide image processing facilities which have turned out to greatly enhance ourresearch activity in the applications of new signal processing ideas in this importantarea. The signal processing research laboratory is currently supporting the needs offour faculty members (Profs. Kassam, Ansari, Berkowitz and Kritikos) and tengraduate students, working primarily on AFOSR sponsored research and on otherrelated research programs supported by ONR. In the area of statistical and digitalsignal processing this laboratory is supporting research in nonlinear and adaptivefiltering techniques, nonparametric and robust detection and filtering,multidimensional digital filters, spectrum estimation, and computationally efficientalgorithms in signal processing. In the area of electromagnetic analysis theequipment is supporting work in three-dimensional EM imaging, design of smartsignal processing antenna arrays, and other related concepts.

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The computer facility is operated entirely by the users themselves. Maintenanceand software costs are being met by laboratory fees charged to grants and contracts,as well as from industrial sources of gifts and grants. In fact, one very positive resultof the establishment of this laboratory is that industrial equipment and cash gifts havebeen easier to get.

This laboratory has proved to be a tremendous resource to us. We are hopingthat we will be able to continue to keep it efficient and current through the addition ofnew hardware and software, for which we are always seeking new funds and giftsfrom various sources.

The attached set of copies of viewgraphs are from a recent talk that we haveprepared describing our primary research areas at the laboratory.

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SIGNAL PROCESSING RESEARCH LABORATORY

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STATISTICAL SIGNAL DIGITAL SIGNALPROCESSING PRGCESSNG

Detection, Estimation, and Digital Filter StructuresFiltering Two-Dimensional Filters

Robust and Nonparametric Multi-Rate ProcessingTechniques Signal ReconstructionQuantization and Coding Spectrum Estimation

IMPLEMENTATIONCONSIDERATIONS

Applications-SpecificVLSI Processors

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APPLICATION AREAS 1Image Processing and CodingSpatial Array ProcessingRadarSpeech Processing

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" SIGNAL AND IMAGE RESTORATION

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" DIGITAL FILTER STRUCTURES

* VLSI IMPLEMENTATIONS

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1. APPLICATION OF ROBUST ESTIMATION TOSMOOTHING, FILTERING, AND ENHANCE-MENT OF SIGNALS AND IMAGES

" Non-Gaussian (Impulsive) Noise Suppression

" Preservation of Edges in Signals

* Frequency Selectivity

NEW NONLINEAR DATA-ADAPTIVE FINITE-WINDOWFILTERS (VIEWED AS GENERALIZATIONS OF MEDIANFILTERS) PERFORM VERY WELL

" Extension to Image Sequence Processing* Applications in Edge Detection, Motion Estimation,

Recognition, Tracking

* Application in CFAR Radar

* Fast Hardware Implementations

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2. RESTORATION OF SIGNALS AND IMAGESFROM PARTIAL INFORMATION

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NEW HILBERT SPACE FRAMEWORK ALLOWSREPRESENTATION OF CONSTRAINTS AS CONVEX SETS.GUARANTEED CONVERGENCE TO GOOD SOLUTIONS

• Extension to Image Sequence Processing

* Consideration of Other Constraint Combinations

" Study of Tolerance to Noise

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1. LOW-SIDELOBE BEAM CHARACTERISTICSFROM NARROWBAND HIGH-RESOLUTIONBOUNDARY ARRAYS

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NEW SYNTHESIS THEOREM ALLOWS EFFECTIVEINTERPOLATION INSIDE BOUNDARY. ACHIEVED BYPROCESSING TRANSMIT/RECEIVE DATA TO SYNTHESIZEINDIVIDUAL BEAMS, LINEAR COMBINATION OF THESECONVERGES TO IDEAL SOLUTION

• Study Effects of Noise and Element PositionUncertainities

• Combination of Super-Resolution and Low-SidelobeProcessing

* Implementation Considerations

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USE OF MULTI-RATE PROCESSING AND NEW RECURSIVEDIGITAL FILTER STRUCTURES FOR COMPUTATIONALLYEFFICIENT BEAMFORMING AND SCANNING

* Extensions to Non-Uniformly Spaced and TwoDimensional Arrays

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INFINITE IMPULSE RESPONSE STRUCTURESFOR FILTERING AND SAMPLING-RATECONVERSION

" Multi-band, Multi-level Infinite Impulse Response(IIR) Filters

* Linear-Phase IIR Filters

* Interpolators and Decimators

CONFIGURATIONS OF ALLE A BUILDING BLOCKS RESULTIN SCHEMES WITH ATTRIBUTES OF LOW COMPLEXITY,LOW QUANTIZATION EFFECTS, AND MODULARITY

* Incorporation of coefficient constraints in allpass building

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* Allpass and generalized separable two-dimensional filters

* Applications in image processing and coding and adaptivefiltering

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SYSTOLIC ARRAY SCHEME BASED ON THE USEOF CORDIC BUILDING BLOCKS

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