relationships among living things day 3. roles of living things in the environment living things...

RELATIONSHIPS AMONG LIVING

THINGS

Day 3

Roles of living things in the environment

• Living things exist with other living things and with non living things

• Living things relate with one another

• Food is one way of relating with other living things

• The role can be that of producers, consumers, decomposers or scavengers

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producers•Organisms that make their own food.•Most plants are producers•Some bacteria can make their own food•Producers make use of sunlight, CO2 and water to make food

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consumers•Organisms that can’t make their own food•Eat plants or other animals for food•Consumers can be:oHerbivores (plant eaters)oCarnivores (meat eaters)oOmnivores (plant and meat eaters)

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decomposers•Can be fungi or bacteria•Eats dead organisms•They prevent too much decay and enriched the soil with nutrients

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scavengers•Break up bodies of dead organisms into smaller pieces•Helps decomposers manage the dead organisms for faster decomposition

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Feeding relationships

• How each living organism is linked to one another in particular habitats.

• Shown in diagrams such as a food chain or a food web

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Food Chain•Shows the one way flow of energy from the food to the consumer•Starts with a producer

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Organisms in the food chain may also be referred to as:

Food Web•Made up of many food chains•Shows alternative food sources

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Identify the food chains that make up this food webDo Activity 8.2 on pages 32-33

Day 4

What does “Survival of the Fittest” mean? Why do you say so?

Day 6

SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST

Energy in the ecosystem

• Sun is the main source of energy• The light is trapped by the chlorophyll in

plants• This light is used in the food making process

of plants.• When plants are eaten, SOME of the energy

is passed on to the consumer• When a consumer eats the herbivore, the

energy is transferred to the other consumer.

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Interdependence among living things

• Living things depend on one another for survival

• An organism may have multiple relationships, depending on the organism it interacts with

• These relationships mean that the organisms have an impact on each other’s survival.

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Competition

• Occurs when resources are limited– Food– Water– Space– Mate

• Fight occurs in order to gain resources needed

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Predation

• An animal catches and feeds on the captured organism

• Predator-hunter• Prey-hunted

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Symbiotic Relationship: MUTUALISM

• Symbiosis-a close relationship between organisms that last over a period of time

• Mutualism– Both organisms

benefit from the relationship

– Benefit include food, shelter, protection

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Symbiotic Relationship: PARASITISM

• One specie benefits but the other specie gets harmed from the relationship

• Benefit can be food, shelter or protection

• Parasite-benefits– May reside inside

(endoparasite) or outside (ectoparasite)

• Host-gets harmed• The parasite has to ensure

that the host does not die.– What happens if the host dies?

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Symbiotic Relationship: COMMENSALISM

• A relationship wherein one benefits while the other one neither benefits, not gets harmed or dies.

• Commensal- the organism that benefits

• Host- the organism that neither benefits nor gets harmed

Day 6

Is there a relationship which you think is the best? Why do

you say so?

Is there a relationship which you think is the best? Why do

you say so?

Assign: bring coloring materials for tomorrow’s activity

Day 6

Picture sources

• susty.com• thefeltsource.com• myfourthirds.com• catalog.beacon-ridge.com• static.seekingalpha.com• classes.dma.ucla.edu• Bcscience.com• bio.miami.edu

• physicalgeography.net• webecoist.com• themain-ingredient.info• ncwildlife.org• wikimedia.org