sbi4u-nov 26,2012 kidney disease. diabetes insipidus (di) destruction of adh-producing cells of the...

SBI4U-NOV 26 ,2012

Kidney Disease

Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

Destruction of ADH-producing cells of the hypothalamus or destruction of hypothalamus-pituitary nerve tracts.

Frequent urination ( 20L/day) & excessive thirst.

Rare disease.

Diabetes Mellitus

Insulin deficiency or resistance- Proximal convoluted tubule can absorb up to

0.1 % blood sugar.Excess sugar in nephron

Bright’s Disease &Nephritis

Nephritis is not a single disease

One type of nephritis affects glomerulus

Altering nephron’s permeability

Kidney Stones

Caused by percipiration of mineral solutes from blood.

Categorized as either alkaline or acid stones.

ESWL (Extracorporealshock wave lithotripsy)

Dehydration

Excessive loss of water (also solutes)Decrease in plasma blood volume3 types: hypotonic,hypertonic, isotonic

dehydrationNeurological complications

FYI ONLY

Healthy Body Water in Women & Men respectively

Body Fat % Body Water %

4-20% 58-70%

21-29% 52-58%

30-32% 49-52%

33%+ 37-49%

Female Body Water Chart

Body Fat % Body Water %

4-14% 63-70%

15-21% 57-63%

22-24% 55-57%

25%+ 37-55%

FYI ONLY

Kidney Disease Cause of problem

Problem created by disease

Recommended treatment

Diabetes Mellitus

Lack of insulin production

Glucose in urine causing dehydration

Healthy dietExercise for type 2Insulin injection

Diabetes Insipidus

Destruction of ADH producing cells in brain

Decrease in H20 reabsorption and increase in urine production (20l/day)Extreme thirst

ADH provided by injection

Bright’s Disease Inflammation of nephron (one type of nephritis)Invading microbes destroys blood vessels of nephron

Proteins and large molecules are able to pass into the nephron.Increase in urine output

No treatment

Kidney Stones Precipitation of mineral solutes from the blood

Pain (extreme) SurgerySound waves treatment if small

Alcohol is an antidiuretic , a substance that increases the production of urine. Alcohol also suppresses the production and release of ADH. Should people who are prone to developing kidney stones consume alcohol? Explain.