scenario design 2 11 14 rev
Post on 27-Jan-2015
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SCENARIO DESIGN:6 TIPS FOR
SUCCESS
Session 2
Objectives
Describe the essential components of scenario design
Develop learning objectives that are suitable for simulation
Build a basic scenario to address those objectives
Learning Objectives/
Competencies
Event sets/
Scenario
Synthetic/ immersive environment
Performance measures/dynamic
assessment
Performance diagnosis
Feedback/ instructional strategy
Skill inventory/ historical
performance data
Task analysis data
Anatomy of a Simulation
Adapted from Jan Cannon-Bowers 2005
Anatomy of a Simulation
Learning Objectives/
Competencies
Event sets/Scenario
Synthetic/ immersive environment
Performance measures/
dynamic assessment
Performance diagnosis
Feedback/
instructional strategy
Skill inventory/ historical
performance data
Task analysis data
Adapted from Jan Cannon-Bowers 2005
Scenario Design
Scenario design
The design and implementation of a partially scripted situation in which the learner is challenged to (and has the opportunity to) demonstrate the defined objectives.
IDENTIFY DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOME
Tip #1
DEVELOP LEARNING OBJECTIVES THAT CAN BE ADDRESSED WITH
SIMULATION
Tip #2
Learning objectives
Hint: use strong action verbs
SMART objectives
Specific, measurable, appropriate, realistic, timebound
Centered around desired observable behaviors
Achievable for the learner
Example Objectives By the end of this simulation training, learners will be
able to:
demonstrate effective teamwork behaviors (ie.
communication, information exchange, mutual
support, leadership),
diagnose and manage a clinical condition,
correctly perform a skill (ie.insertion of central venous
catheter, correct placement of an advanced airway) ,
effectively counsel a “standardized patient” about his
or her prognosis, etc
DESIGN THE SCENARIO TO INCLUDE THE
ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS
Tip #3
Who are your learners?
Identify who and how many learners will be involved in the simulation
Impacts complexity of scenarioInfluences debriefing and assessment plans
What are the Elements of Scenario Design ? Tools
Environment
Script (Story)
Patient “states”
Learner actions
Trigger events
Confederate roles and instructions
Facilitator instructions
Types (tools) of simulation
high fidelity (computerized full body manikin)
task trainer for skills performance mastery
“standardized patient” (learner interacting with a trained actor)
hybrid (combination of these)
Environmental considerations
setting
medical equipment
clinical forms
Props (moulage?)
The story…..
Credible
Beware of medical controversy unless this is the purpose of the scenario
Don’t try to trick the learner
Who is your patient? What has happened to him/her? When does the scenario start and end?
What drives the story forward?
What distractions do you want to build in?
Important definitions “State”
“Triggers”
“Learner Actions”
“Confederate”
Trigger events
Effective building of a scenario requires trigger events.
A trigger event is a condition, action or event within the scenario that
move the “patient” into a different state
This should push the learner toward a specific action, decision or thought process
Confederate roles /instructions
Confederates should have a specific purpose within the scenario
Confederates should keep learners on track
Confederates should challenge learners in areas relevant to learning objectives
Confederates don’t lie unless that’s the objective (and why would it be?)
Facilitator instructions
Information necessary for another instructor to run your scenario without you
FAQs
Good questions for debriefing
Content that should be covered in debriefing
REVIEW YOUR SCENARIO AND DO A DRY RUN
Tip #4
Dry Run Objectives Ensure that scenario progresses in a credible
way
Ensure that learner actions move the scenario in the desired direction
Ensure that learner can achieve desired objectives in the scenario
Try to identify possible deviations from anticipated learner actions, and build in ways to redirect learners
Refine scenario as necessary based on dry run
PLAN YOUR PREBRIEF
Tip #5
Prebrief Establish learning climate
Describe relevant features of simulator
Describe learning objectives or expectations
The Basic Assumption
The Fiction Contract
The Promise (Vegas)
Any information about the patient for the learner(s) before the scenario begins
DEVELOP AN ASSESSMENT AND DEBRIEFING PLAN
Tip #6
Sample case scenarioTitle: Cardiac Arrest / PEA
Learning Objectives:
1. Demonstrate effective teamwork behaviors in a code situation
2. Administer effective treatment to the patient in a cardiac arrest
3. Demonstrate the ability to do a critical analysis of the underlying causes of the patients arrest
Case background: 52 yo man with schizophrenia admitted from to general medicine from inpatient psych for evaluation of shortness of breath. Nurse was going in to take vitals, thought pt looked strange - called for help
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