state of the art controls for particulate, so 2 , so 3 and ... · pdf filebelco ’s...

State of The Art ControlsState of The Art Controls

For For

Particulate, SOParticulate, SO22 , SO, SO33 and NOand NOXX

EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemWet Scrubbing SystemReducing Particulate, SO2, SO3 and NOx all in a single vessel

BELCOBELCO ’’s Scrubber Projectss Scrubber Projects

EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemsWet Scrubbing Systems

�� Fluid CokersFluid Cokers

�� HeatersHeaters

�� SRU Tail Gas SRU Tail Gas

�� IncineratorsIncinerators

�� Power BoilersPower Boilers

�� FCCUFCCU’’ss

The EDVThe EDV®®Wet Scrubbing System experience Wet Scrubbing System experience

extends to more than 300 installations extends to more than 300 installations

worldwide covering many type of applications worldwide covering many type of applications

including:including:

BELCO® ’s List of Scrubbing Experience

In Refineries� North America (32)

• Valero (7)

• Coastal

• Marathon/Ashland (2)

• Quakerstate (Pennzoil)

• Irving Oil

• Motiva

• Conoco Phillips (5)

• Premcor (4) (now Valero)

• Shell Oil

• Lion Oil

• Citgo (3)

• Sunoco (2)

• BP

• Placid

• Frontier

� India (8)• IOCL (4)• ESSAR• HPCL (3)

� Other (18)• Taiwan - Formosa (2),Chinese Petroleum

• Korea – SK, GS Caltec

• Qatar – NODCO, Al Shaheen

• Italy – Eni S.p.A.

• Norway – ESSO

• Switzerland – Tamoil

• Saudi Arabia - SAMREF

• Russia – GAZPROM

• Philippines –Petron

• Belgium – Total

• Thailand – Star Petroleum

• Brazil – Petrobras REFAP

• China – Petrochina, Sinopec

67 EDV Wet Scrubbing Systems in Refineries

( 58 of which are on FCCU applications )

67 EDV 67 EDV WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing Systems in Systems in RefineriesRefineries

( 58 of ( 58 of whichwhich are on FCCU applications )are on FCCU applications )

(Typical Upflow Configuration)EDVEDV®® WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing

Quench

Section

Absorber

Section

Droplet

Separators

(built inside

scrubber)Filtering

Modules

Nozzles

form Spray

Curtains

Stack

EDVEDV Wet ScrubbingWet ScrubbingQuench & Spray Tower

Absorber/Spray

Tower SectionQuench

Section

EDVEDV Wet ScrubbingWet ScrubbingSpray Tower

�� Coarse PM, SOCoarse PM, SO22 & SO3 (plus NO& SO3 (plus NOxx when when

LoTOxLoTOxTMTM is applied)is applied)

�� High Liquid / Gas Contact High Liquid / Gas Contact

Cross Sectional Dense Water/Reagent Cross Sectional Dense Water/Reagent

Curtains Curtains

SO2 & NOx Absorption/PM &SO3 SO2 & NOx Absorption/PM &SO3

ImpactionImpaction

�� Staged Approach for More Reliable Staged Approach for More Reliable

scrubbingscrubbing

�� Open Tower Open Tower

�� Continuously Washed Walls for Self Continuously Washed Walls for Self

CleaningCleaning

�� No Mist FormationNo Mist Formation

�� Low Pressure Drop (No Pressure Drop Low Pressure Drop (No Pressure Drop

Design is also Available)Design is also Available)

X -Section

GG®® NozzleNozzle

EDVEDV®® Wet ScrubbingWet Scrubbing

Creates a Dual

Reagent Spray by

means of a

Declining Trough

Design

(G(G®®--400 Nozzle) Cross Section400 Nozzle) Cross Section

EDVEDV®® WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing

GG®® NozzleNozzle

EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing System Wet Scrubbing System

Plan ViewPlan View Side ViewSide View

Multiple GMultiple G®® Nozzle OperationNozzle Operation

FilteringFiltering ModulesModules

EDVEDV®® WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing

Filtering

Modules

�� Fine PM & SOFine PM & SO33 Mist CollectionMist Collection�� By Acceleration, Adiabatic By Acceleration, Adiabatic

Expansion and Super SaturationExpansion and Super Saturation

�� CondensationCondensation

�� Particle Size GrowthParticle Size Growth

�� FiltrationFiltration

�� Open / Self CleaningOpen / Self Cleaning

�� NonNon--plugging Design plugging Design

�� No Mist FormationNo Mist Formation

�� Low Pressure DropLow Pressure Drop

EDVEDV®® Filtering ModuleFiltering ModuleCondensation & FiltrationCondensation & Filtration

Condensation & Agglomeration of Fine Particulate & Sulfuric Acid Mist

Cleaned Gas on to

Droplet Separation

Gas Inlet

Cleaned Gas on to

Droplet Separation

Liquid to Spray

EDVEDV®® 6000 Filtering Module6000 Filtering ModuleVery Efficient Fine Particulate ControlVery Efficient Fine Particulate Control

Fine Particulate

Fine Particulate

Encased in large

water droplet

Liquid to Spray

Removal of Excess Water Removal of Excess Water Droplets withoutDroplets without

mist eliminatorsmist eliminators

EDVEDV®® WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing

DropletDroplet SeparatorsSeparators

EDVEDV®® WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing

Droplet

Separators

EDVEDV®® Droplet SeparatorDroplet Separator

�� Removes Droplets Removes Droplets

Carryover From Gas Carryover From Gas

StreamStream

�� Low Pressure DropLow Pressure Drop

�� NonNon--Plugging DesignPlugging Design

�� Open /Self CleaningOpen /Self Cleaning

�� No Mists EliminatorsNo Mists Eliminators

�� No Moving PartsNo Moving Parts

Droplet SeparatorsDroplet SeparatorsEDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemWet Scrubbing System

(for EDV(for EDV®® 5000 and 6000 5000 and 6000

models only)models only)

EDVEDV®® Scrubbing Scrubbing

System System

Two Simple Two Simple

Process FlowsProcess Flows

DIRTY FLUE GAS FROM FCCDIRTY FLUE GAS FROM FCC

EDV EDV

ABSORBERABSORBER

CLEAN GAS OUTCLEAN GAS OUT

OVERFLOW DRAINSOVERFLOW DRAINS

EDVEDV®® FILTERING FILTERING MODULESMODULES (for EDV (for EDV

5000, 6000 and 6600 5000, 6000 and 6600 models only)models only)

EDVEDV®® DROPLET DROPLET SEPARATORSSEPARATORS

EDVEDV®®

STACKSTACK

LCLC

FCFCMAKEUP MAKEUP WATERWATER

FCFC

FCFC

pHCpHC

pHCpHC

ReagentReagent

FCFC SLIPSTREAM TO

PURGE TREATMENT UNIT

(This loop is for EDV(This loop is for EDV®® 5000, 6000 and 6600 models only)5000, 6000 and 6600 models only)

EDVEDV®® QUENCHQUENCH

EDV EDV

QUENCHQUENCH

Treatment of Scrubber PurgeTreatment of Scrubber Purge

Purge Treatment Unit

EDV® Wet Scrubbing

Purge

Treatment Unit

TypTyp. Purge Treatment Unit . Purge Treatment Unit -- PFD with Settling BinPFD with Settling BinEDVEDV®® Wet ScrubbingWet Scrubbing

SCRUBBER

PURGE

FLOCCULENTCLARIFIER UNDERFLOW

TANK

UNDERFLOW

PUMP

FILTER PRESS

AIR BLOWEROXIDATION TOWERS

OVERFLOW

PUMP

OVERFLOW

TANK

EFFLUENT

DISCHARGE

CAUSTIC

ADDITION

SETTLING BINS

50% Solids

�� Discharge of Scrubber Water Discharge of Scrubber Water

�� Reduction of Suspended Solids (TSS) down to Reduction of Suspended Solids (TSS) down to

below 200 ppmbelow 200 ppm

�� Reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand from Reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand from

Sulfites ( COD) down to below 100 ppmSulfites ( COD) down to below 100 ppm

�� More Stringent Effluent Specifications can More Stringent Effluent Specifications can

be met if requiredbe met if required

Purge Treatment Unit Purge Treatment Unit ---- EffluentEffluent

EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemWet Scrubbing System

Easily Modified for NOEasily Modified for NOxx

Control with LoTOxControl with LoTOxTMTM

-- Low Temperature Oxidation Low Temperature Oxidation

--

LoTOxTM is a trademark of the BOC Group

EDVEDV®® WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing

LoTOLoTOxxTMTM Installation on an FCCUInstallation on an FCCU

EDVEDV Wet Scrubber with LoTOWet Scrubber with LoTOxxTMTM

NOx

Removal

SO2& Particulate Removal

Fine ParticulateRemoval

Water DropletSeparation

OzoneOzone

InjectionInjection

NO, NONO, NOxxConversion Conversion to Nto N22OO55

NN22OO55Conversion to Conversion to HNOHNO33 and and

Scrubbing by Scrubbing by EDV NozzlesEDV Nozzles

��Ozone Injection after Ozone Injection after

QuenchQuench

��Conversion to NConversion to N22OO55

��Conversion to Nitric AcidConversion to Nitric Acid

��Conversion to a Nitrate Conversion to a Nitrate

by contact with scrubber by contact with scrubber

reagentreagent

��Nitrates removed with Nitrates removed with

Scrubber PurgeScrubber Purge

EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemWet Scrubbing System

With LoTOxWith LoTOxTM TM injectioninjection

EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemWet Scrubbing System

With LoTOxWith LoTOxTMTM injectioninjection

Simplified LoTOxSimplified LoTOxTM TM ChemistryChemistry

��NO + ONO + O33 �������� NONO22 + O+ O22

��2NO2NO22 + O+ O33 �������� NN22OO55 + O+ O22

��NN22OO55 + H+ H22O O �������� 2 HNO2 HNO33

��HNOHNO33 + NaOH + NaOH �������� NaNONaNO33 + H+ H22OO

LoTOLoTOxxTMTM Installation on an FCCUInstallation on an FCCUOzone Injection PipingOzone Injection Piping

LoTOLoTOxxTMTM Installation on an FCCUInstallation on an FCCUOzone Injection PipingOzone Injection Piping

(for EDV(for EDV®® 6000)6000)

EDVEDV®® Scrubbing Scrubbing

System PFD System PFD

w/LoTOx (Only w/LoTOx (Only

Ozone Injection Ozone Injection

added)added)

DIRTY FLUE GAS FROM FCCDIRTY FLUE GAS FROM FCC

EDV EDV

ABSORBER ABSORBER

w/RESIDENCE w/RESIDENCE

TIMETIME

CLEAN GAS OUTCLEAN GAS OUT

EDVEDV®® FILTERING FILTERING MODULESMODULES

EDVEDV®® DROPLET DROPLET SEPARATORSSEPARATORS

EDVEDV®®

STACKSTACK

LCLC

FCFCMAKEUP MAKEUP WATERWATER

FCFC

FCFC

pHCpHC

pHCpHC

ReagentReagent

FCFC SLIPSTREAM TO

PURGE TREATMENT UNIT

(This loop is for EDV(This loop is for EDV®® 6000 6000

EDV QUENCHEDV QUENCH

Ozone Ozone

InjectionInjection

LoTOxLoTOxTMTM Commercial Applications

TBDTBD

TBDTBD

1st Quarter 1st Quarter ‘‘08089090--165ppm/10ppm165ppm/10ppm

30,000 bpsd30,000 bpsd

______________________

40,000 bpsd40,000 bpsd

______________________

80,000lbs/hr80,000lbs/hr

Placid Refining, LAPlacid Refining, LA

________________________________

Alliance Alliance –– ThailandThailand

________________________________

Linden, NJLinden, NJ

Refinery FCCU (PreRefinery FCCU (Pre--Invested for LoTOx) Invested for LoTOx)

__________________________________________________________________________

Refinery FCCU (preRefinery FCCU (pre--invested for LoTOx)invested for LoTOx)

__________________________________________________________________________

Sulfuric Acid Regeneration with LoTOxSulfuric Acid Regeneration with LoTOx

July, 2007July, 2007100100--200ppm/10ppm200ppm/10ppm130,000 bpsd130,000 bpsdTexas City, TXTexas City, TXRefinery FCCURefinery FCCU--EDV w/ Integral LoTOx EDV w/ Integral LoTOx

Dec. , 2007Dec. , 2007100100--150ppm/8ppm150ppm/8ppm60,000 bpsd60,000 bpsdTexas City, TXTexas City, TXRefinery FCCU LoTOx retrofit to ext. EDVRefinery FCCU LoTOx retrofit to ext. EDV

April, 2007April, 2007100100--150ppm/10ppm150ppm/10ppm58,000 bpsd58,000 bpsdHouston, TXHouston, TXRefinery FCCURefinery FCCU--EDV w/ Integral LoTOx EDV w/ Integral LoTOx

TBDTBD150ppm/20ppm150ppm/20ppm40,000 bpsd40,000 bpsdEl Dorado, KSEl Dorado, KSRefinery FCCU (PreRefinery FCCU (Pre--Invested for LoTOx)Invested for LoTOx)

February, 2007February, 20077070--100ppm/10ppm100ppm/10ppm52,000 bpsd52,000 bpsdTexas City, TXTexas City, TXRefinery FCCURefinery FCCU--LoTOx retrofit to ext. EDVLoTOx retrofit to ext. EDV

TBDTBD28,000 bpsd28,000 bpsdThree Rivers, TexasThree Rivers, TexasRefinery FCCU (PreRefinery FCCU (Pre--Invested for LoTOx)Invested for LoTOx)

TBDTBD40,000 bpsd40,000 bpsdArdmore, OklahomaArdmore, OklahomaRefinery FCCU (PreRefinery FCCU (Pre--Invested for LoTOx)Invested for LoTOx)

June, 2007June, 20077070--100ppm/10ppm100ppm/10ppm20,000 bpsd20,000 bpsdArkansasArkansasRefinery FCCU (PreRefinery FCCU (Pre--Invested for LoTOx)Invested for LoTOx)

February ‘0250ppm / 10ppm--Southern CaliforniaLead Smelting

February ‘001000-3400ppm100ppm--PennsylvaniaSS Pickling Process

October ’01200ppm / 10ppm25 MWOhioCoal Fired Power Plant

January ‘0230-40ppm / 4ppm1000 HPSouthern CaliforniaGas Fired Boiler

1997150-70-30ppm /

2-5ppm

400 HPSouthern CaliforniaGas Fired Boiler

StartStart--upupNONOxx In / OutIn / OutCapacityCapacityLocationLocationApplicationApplication

EDV Wet Scrubbing PerformanceEDV Wet Scrubbing Performance

In a Single Process UnitIn a Single Process Unit

Typical Emission Values: Typical Emission Values:

Particulate Particulate -- Less than 50mg/Nm3Less than 50mg/Nm3

SO2 SO2 -- Less than 20ppmLess than 20ppm

SO3 SO3 -- 80% removal plus80% removal plus

NOx NOx -- Less than 20ppmLess than 20ppm

Performance values based on numerous Oil Industry Performance values based on numerous Oil Industry applications applications

ConventionalSodium orMagnesiumBased

ConventionalCalcium Based

LABSORB®Regenerative Based

ReagentHandling

Liquid mixing ,pumping andmetering

Solids handling withslurry mixing, pumpingand metering

Liquid mixing, pumpingand metering

Sulfur By-Product

Sulfate salts in awater solution(discharge ordry/sell)

Dry calcium sulfatesolids / gypsum(sell or landfill)

High Purity andStrength SO2

(SRU feed orprocess/sell)

Reagent Costs(operating)

Higher Medium Lower

Reliability High Low High

Capital Costs Lower Medium Higher

Reagent OptionsReagent Options

EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemWet Scrubbing System

LABSORBLABSORBTMTM :: a a regenerativeregenerative

approachapproach

aa wet process that absorbs SOwet process that absorbs SO22 via a via a recyclablerecyclable solutionsolution ((““bufferbuffer””))

StackStack

Absorber/Absorber/

ScrubberScrubber

BufferBuffer

regenerationregeneration

systemsystem

CleanClean

flue gasflue gas

Flue gasFlue gas

from Boilerfrom Boiler

Lean buffer Lean buffer

(regenerated) (regenerated)

Rich (SO2) bufferRich (SO2) buffer

Purge streamPurge stream

To Waste Water TreatmentTo Waste Water Treatment

Solid wasteSolid waste

To DisposalTo Disposal

Buffer makeupBuffer makeup

WaterWater

makeupmakeup

SOSO2 2 to Sulfur to Sulfur

Recovery UnitRecovery Unit

oror

Sulfuric Acid Plant Sulfuric Acid Plant

oror

SOSO22 CompressorCompressor

oror

DisposalDisposal

Uses EDV® Technology to Scrub Particulates, SO2 and SO3 in

Flue/Process Gas Streams.

Utilizes an Aqueous Solution of Sodium Phosphate as Scrubbing

Buffer for the Absorption of SO2.

Minimizes Operating Costs by Regenerating the Scrubbing Buffer

Using Low Pressure Steam.

Produces a By-Product (a greater than 90% concentrated SO2 stream

that can be used as feed to a SRU, Sulfuric Acid Plant, SO2

Compressor or for other applications.)

Virtually Eliminates Liquid Effluent Discharge from Scrubber.

Installed at Multiple Commercial Sites

RegenerativeRegenerative Wet Wet ScrubbingScrubbing: : WhatWhat isis itit??LABSORBLABSORBTMTM

Basic LABSORBBasic LABSORBTM TM Regenerative Regenerative

ProcessProcess

Scrubbing Side Regeneration Side

Recovered SO2

Cleaned Gas

Absorber

Quencher

Prescrubber

Flue Gas

Pre-Scrubber Purge

Condenser

Stripper

Vapor/Liquid Separator

LP Steam

Heat Exch.

Condensate

Buffer

Make-Up

Buffer

Tank

Sulfate

Removal Oxidation Product

Removal

GASGAS

OUTOUT

LABSORBLABSORBTMTM Absorber and Full PreAbsorber and Full Pre--

scrubber scrubber -- PFDPFD

GAS INGAS IN

LC

MakeMake--UpUp

WaterWater

PREPRE--SCRUBBERSCRUBBER

(EDV(EDV®® 6000)6000)

PrePre--ScrubberScrubber

Purge to ClarifierPurge to ClarifierFC

FILTERINGFILTERING

MODULESMODULES

DROPLETDROPLET

SEPARATORSSEPARATORS

FC

Lean BufferLean Buffer

From Regeneration PlantFrom Regeneration Plant

FC

Rich Buffer To Rich Buffer To

Regeneration PlantRegeneration Plant

FC

LABSORBTM

Regeneration

Plant

SOSO22

Why Regenerative Wet Why Regenerative Wet

Scrubbing Scrubbing ??CONVENTIONALSCRUBBINGTECHNOLOGY

“BELCO LABSORB”REGENERATIVESCRUBBING

Liquid Effluent DischargeOr Solids Discharge

Virtuall no Liquid Effluent or Solid Waste Disposal

Lower Investment Cost

Relatively High Operating Cost

Higher Investment Cost(Investment Payback is

Short Term)

Low Chemicals Cost/ Acceptable Steam Requirement

Thank You!Thank You!

For more information:For more information:

Garrett Garrett BillemeyerBillemeyer

Belco Technologies CorporationBelco Technologies Corporation

9 9 EntinEntin RoadRoad

ParsipinanyParsipinany, NJ 07054, NJ 07054

Tel. 972Tel. 972--515515--89028902

Email: Email: billemeyer@belcotech.combillemeyer@belcotech.com