thierry e learning-maiga

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Thierry Karsenti

Cinderella or Cinderella or cyberella: Are cyberella: Are there there (really)gender (really)gender differences in differences in computer use computer use and training in and training in africa ?africa ?

Mohamed Maiga

Université de MontréalUniversité de Bamako

2+Outline of presentationOutline of presentation

IntroductionIntroductionContextContextMethodMethodResultsResultsConclusionConclusion

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IntroductionIntroduction

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The The question is question is no longer no longer whether or whether or not to use not to use ICTs.ICTs.

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ContextContext

6+Gender differences

•Observed gender Observed gender differences in the use differences in the use of Information of Information Communication Communication Technology (ICT) Technology (ICT) constitute a form of constitute a form of digital divide.digital divide.

7+Gender differences

•This digital divide is This digital divide is more prominent in the more prominent in the developing world and developing world and Africa provides a very Africa provides a very obvious illustration of obvious illustration of this.this.

8+Gender and ICTGender and ICT

•From the literature review, research on ICTs and gender centres on three themes:

9+Gender and ICTGender and ICT•women’s access to ICTs; women’s access to ICTs;

•women’s ICTs usage and women’s ICTs usage and expertise;expertise;

•ICTs access and use ICTs access and use equity between men and equity between men and women.women.

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Gender and ICTGender and ICT•It appears that the virtual space is still dominated by men, and that some spaces initially occupied by women were later taken over by men.

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Gender and ICTGender and ICT

•Women’s limited access to ICTs would certainly result in negative educational and economic actions.

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Gender and ICTGender and ICT•Overall, we note that ICTs projects have been carried out in the Southern countries without adapting technical solutions and management approaches to the characteristics, needs and contexts of the countries.

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Gender and ICTGender and ICT•It would be important to It would be important to develop tools to better develop tools to better collect and analyze collect and analyze quantitative and qualitative quantitative and qualitative data on the tendencies of data on the tendencies of men and women to access men and women to access and use ICTs and to identify and use ICTs and to identify the needs and aspirations of the needs and aspirations of men and women in this area. men and women in this area.

+METHOD

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PanAf

•The PanAf network’s mission is The PanAf network’s mission is to contribute to the to contribute to the development of African development of African countries and people by countries and people by increasing knowledge on the increasing knowledge on the pedagogical integration of pedagogical integration of information and communication information and communication technologies (ICTs) in African technologies (ICTs) in African schools and education systems.schools and education systems.

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PanAfPanAf•IDRC’ mission: to IDRC’ mission: to support research support research leading to leading to recommendations for recommendations for concrete improvements concrete improvements in the quality of in the quality of teaching and learning.teaching and learning.

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Research questionResearch question

•How, for whom and under How, for whom and under what circumstances can the what circumstances can the pedagogical integration of pedagogical integration of ICTs substantially improve ICTs substantially improve the quality of teaching and the quality of teaching and learning at all levels and learning at all levels and scales of African education scales of African education systems?systems?

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PanAfPanAf•PanAf Phase 2 will PanAf Phase 2 will also include, for all also include, for all objectives and objectives and research questions, research questions, comparative analyses comparative analyses along the theme of along the theme of gender.gender.

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PanAfPanAf•IDRC’ mission: to IDRC’ mission: to support research support research leading to leading to recommendations for recommendations for concrete improvements concrete improvements in the quality of in the quality of teaching and learning.teaching and learning.

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PanAfPanAf•The PanAf Observatory is a unique source of data for an examination of social factors in the application of information technology to education in Africa.

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PanAfPanAf•Disaggregated data is vital to unmask internal gender inequalities while aggregated data allows for vital national and regional comparisons.

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PanAfPanAf•Since this research project Since this research project aims to contribute to social aims to contribute to social and equitable change, the and equitable change, the project incorporated a project incorporated a consideration of gender at consideration of gender at many levels—from project many levels—from project management to data management to data collection and analysis and collection and analysis and results distribution. results distribution.

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PanAfPanAf•Gender analysis Gender analysis essentially means essentially means separating gender as a separating gender as a category and examining a category and examining a given phenomenon to see given phenomenon to see if the results are different if the results are different for men or for women, for men or for women, boys and girls.boys and girls.

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ParticipantParticipantss•260 000 students260 000 students

•9000 teachers9000 teachers

•300 school principals 300 school principals and managersand managers

+RESULTS

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Are there Are there gender gender differences differences ??

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Are there Are there empirically empirically verified verified gender gender differences ?differences ?

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Administrators

Access to computer

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Administrators

Access to Internet

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Administrators

Training

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Teachers

Access to computer

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Teachers

Access to Internet

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Teachers

Training

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Students

Access to computer

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Students

Access to Internet

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Students

Mixed schools: greater difference

+Conclusion

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Are there Are there gender gender differences differences ??

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Are there Are there empirically empirically verified verified gender gender differences ?differences ?

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Yes.Yes.In almost all In almost all indicators.indicators.

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Gender differences

AdministratorsAdministrators

TeachersTeachers

StudentsStudents

Among people

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Gender differences

Computer accessComputer access

Internet accessInternet access

Training (access)Training (access)

Access, training, etc.

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Administrators

Skills

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Administrators

Use

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Teachers

Skills

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Teachers

Use

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Students

Skills

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Students

Use

+ Thank you.