usability and human factors cognition and human performance lecture b this material (comp15_unit3b)...

Usability and Human Factors

Cognition and Human Performance

Lecture bThis material (Comp15_Unit3b) was developed by Columbia University, funded by the Department of Health and Human

Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number 1U24OC000003.

Cognition and Human PerformanceLearning Objectives

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• Describe the processes of memory and their relationship to web-design (Lecture b)

• Describe the cognitive constructs for mental representation (Lecture b)

Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3.0/Spring 2012

Usability and Human Factors Cognition and Human Performance

Lecture b

Memory

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Memory Processes

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Working memory (WM)

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WM Capacity Constraints

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Long-term memory (LTM)

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Carving Up Knowledge

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Cognitive Constructs for Mental Representation

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Schemata

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Schemata (Cont.)

• To process information with the use of a schema is to determine which model best fits the incoming information.– Does the animal at a distance more closely resemble a dog or a

cat?

• Features of schemata.– constants (all birds have wings) and – variables (chairs can have between 1 and 4 legs);

• Aimed at evaluating how well they fit to the data being processed– Does the patient’s chest pain seem more like a case of

heartburn or might he be having a heart attack?

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Lecture b

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Lecture b

Bird Schema

• Type: – animal

• Locomotion: – flies* (default value)– walks– swims

• Communication: – sings*– squawks

• Size:– small*– medium– large

• Habitat:– trees*– lands– waters

• Food:– insects*– seeds– fish

• Colors:– Variable

(Kaufman, 2010.)

Scripts

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Cognition and Human Performance Summary – Lecture b

• Structure of memory with a particular focus on working memory

• Cognitive constructs for mental representation– Schemata– Scripts

• Next lecture: mental models and distributed cognition

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Cognition and Human PerformanceReferences – Lecture b

References

Preece, J. Rogers, Y. & Sharp, H. (2007) Interaction Design: Beyond Human-Computer Interaction. 2nd Edition. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

Images:

Slide 12: Kaufman, D. (2010). Personal image of bird schema. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center.

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Lecture b