usitt 2012 session - work & task lighting
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Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Fumbling In The Dark
-or-
How to NOT go bump in the night.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Presented by: Erich Friend
www.TheatreSafetyBlog.blogspot.com
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Work /Task Light Areas
Backstage / Run-of-Show
Forestage / Apron
Catwalks
Shops & Stage
Dressing / Make-Up Rooms
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
The BIG Picture
What are we trying to do?
Goals: • Light what we want to see.• Don’t light what we don’t
want to see.• Minimize Light Spill.• Minimize Glare.• Appropriate Colors.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
The BIG PictureHow Much Light?
OSHA 1926.56(a) Table D-3. :
• General construction area lighting . . . . . . . . . . .5 fc• General construction plant and shops (e.g. . . .
mechanical and electrical equipment rooms, carpenter shops, rigging lofts and active store rooms, . . . and workrooms .) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 fc
• First aid stations, infirmaries, and offices. . . . . 30 fc
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
The BIG PictureHow Much Light?
IESNA Lighting Handbook 9th ed, 2000:
• Chapter 3 – Vision and Perception. Low light visual processing and the threshold for seeing and reacting to light stimuli.
• Chapter 19 – Industrial Lighting. “Physical hazards exist in manufacturing processes, so lighting is of the utmost importance as a safety factor in preventing accidents.”
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
The BIG PictureHow Much Light?
IESNA Lighting Handbook 9th ed, 2000:
• Chapter 29 - Emergency, Safety, and Security Lighting - Under the Lighting for Safety subheading: “Safe conditions are essential in any areas where there are people, and the effects of lighting on safety must be considered. . . . . Any factor that aids visual effectiveness increases the probability that a person avoids an accident or detects the potential cause of an accident and acts to correct it.”
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
The BIG PictureHow Much Light?
IESNA Lighting Handbook 9th ed, 2000:
• Chapter 29 - Emergency, Safety, and Security Lighting - “Figure 29-2 lists illuminance levels regarded as absolute minima for safety alone. They are provided for general guidance and should not be interpreted as regulatory requirements.”
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
The BIG PictureHow Much Light?
IESNA Lighting Handbook 9th ed, 2000:
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
The BIG PictureHow Much Light?
IBC 2003 – Section 10o6.2 – Illumination Level:
The means of egress illumination level shall not be less than 1 foot-candle (11 lux) at the floor level.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
The BIG PictureHow Much Light?
The Bottom Line:
Reading or general tasks: 35fc
Detailed tasks: 50-100fc
Lots of light is a good thing!You can almost always turn it down
if you really think it’s too bright.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
The BIG Picture
Light is like Sound
Good:
Bad:
• Information you want to hear- Speech, Music, Machines
• Stuff you don’t want to hear- Noise, Bad Music, Someone Else’s Conversation
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
The BIG Picture
Light is like Sound
Improve the Signal–to-Noise Ratio
Signal
What youwant to see.
Noise
What you Don’t want to see.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
The BIG Picture
GLARE is Visual NoiseYou typically don’t
want to see the light source.
You typically want to see the objects of your interest.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-Show TypicallyBlue Lights
Clip Lights• Hot
• Fragile• Don’t stay-put• Ungrounded
• Thin cord
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically Blue Lights
ClipLights
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically Blue Lights
ClipLights
( Only$75 US! )
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically Blue
Lights
Clip Lights
And Scoops
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-Show Typically
BlueLights
ClipLights
& Scoops
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically Blue Lights
ScoopLights
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-Show Typically Blue Lights
Scoop?/ Clip?Lights
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-Show TypicallyBlue Lights
[Explosion-Proof!]Globe Lights
• Glare• Little Useful Light
• Washes Wall
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically
Blue Lights
[Explosion-Proof!]Globe Lights
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-Show TypicallyBlue Lights
[Explosion-Proof!]
Globe Lights
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-Show Typically Blue Lights
[Explosion-Proof!]
Globe Lights• Ungrounded when
unscrewed
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-Show TypicallyBlue Lights
Track Lights• Not Industrial
Strength
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically Blue Lights
• Battery Powered• Sticky Tape Mount
• Minimal Glare Shield• Aimable
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically Blue Lights
CanLights
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically Blue Lights
SpecialLED’s
(Blues System)
• Partial shielding• LED based• Dimmable
• Toomuch Wall Wash
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically Blue Lights
Mini Ellipsoidal
Lights
(Times Square LED21P)
• LED Lamp• Shutters• Dimmable• Zero Glare (Apollo LED 50)
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically Blue Lights
LED Mini Ellipsoidal
Lights
• Makes nice pathways.
• Stays off walls.
• Long life.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Forestage / Apron
This is a dangerous place!
• Falls into Orchestra Pits• Falls into Front Aisle• Falls due to Rotating Footlights• Falls due to BLINDING GLARE• Falls due to Poor Contrast
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Forestage / Apron
This is a dangerous
place!
White Strips (Tape)
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Forestage / Apron
This is a dangerous place!
Photolumenescent Strips (Glow Tape)
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Forestage / Apron
This is a dangerous
place!
LED’s-or-Pea
Lamps
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Forestage / Apron
This is a dangerous place!
EdgeLyteTM
(Directional LED)
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Forestage / Apron
This is a dangerous place!
White Strips (Internally Illuminated)
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Catwalks
Are frequently visible from the audience.• Masking-off the back side is easy, but• What about the front side?
Need to place lights so they won’t be in the line-of-sight to the audience.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Catwalks
Photoluminescent Paint /Tape
Hard Cut-off Light
Rope / Strip Light
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Shops & Stage
What Goes On Here? Design & Creation!
For What? The Stage!
Needs: Color Correctness
Brightness
Low Glare
Energy Efficiency
Low Maintenance
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Shops & Stage
Color Correctness:Color Rendering Index (CRI - Ra)
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Shops & Stage
Color Correctness:Color Rendering Index (CRI - Ri)
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Shops & Stage
Color Correctness:Color
Rendering
Index (CRI)
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Shops & Stage
Color Correctness:Color Temperature?
What are you matching to?• 2700-2800K Realistic Incandescent• 3200K Ideal, Photography, TV Studio• 5400K Digital TV• 6400K Digital Cinema
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Shops & Stage
Color Correctness:Color Temperature?
What are you lighting with?• 2700-2900K long-life Incandescent• 3200K Studio Lamps• 5400K-7000K Arc Lamps in Spotlights,
Moving Heads, etc.
LED’s can be anything.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Shops & Stage
Brightness:ies recommends: ~50-100 fc
~550-1100 lux
The more detailed the task,the more light is needed toreduce eye strain.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Shops & Stage
Low Glare
Use Dark or Non-reflective baffles in fixtures to reduce off-axis emissions.
with not
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Shops & Stage
Low GlareUse Glare Shields
to reduce off-axis emissions.
without with
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Shops & Stage
Energy Efficiency• Incandescent light is mostly heat.• HID is slightly better.• Fluorescent is usually better.• LED’s can be much better.
Daylight CCT is good for general work, but not so good for matching to stage lights.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Shops & Stage
Low Maintenance (labor cost $$)Incandescent life: ~500-3000 Hours
Fluorescent life: ~3000-8000 Hours (lamp) ~10,000-20,000 Hours (ballast)
HID / MH life: ~5,000-15,000 Hours (lamp) ~10,000-20,000 Hours (ballast)
LED (L70): ~50,000-80,000 Hours (lamp)
>100,000 Hours (power supply)
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Dressing / Make-Up Rooms
Just a unique type of ‘shop’.
With:• Electrical Hazards• Thermal Hazards• Space Constraints• Color Concerns
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Dressing / Make-Up Rooms
Fire, anyone?
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Dressing / Make-Up Rooms
Fire, anyone?
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Dressing / Make-Up Rooms
Electrocution, anyone?
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Dressing / Make-Up Rooms
Electrocution, anyone?
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Dressing / Make-Up Rooms
Exploding Glass or Melting Spooge, anyone?
NEC: 520.72 Lamp Guards. All exposed incandescent lamps in dressing rooms, where less than 2.5 m (8 ft) from the floor, shall be equipped with open-end guards riveted to the outlet box cover or otherwise sealed or locked in place.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Dressing / Make-Up Rooms
Color
Correctness:
Wall, Counter,
& Ceiling
finishes can
make a
difference.
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Dressing / Make-Up Rooms
Color Correctness:
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Dressing / Make-Up RoomsHeat:
77 lamps x 60W
4,620 Watts
99% HEAT
LED:
77 lamps x 7.8W
600 Watts(LEDnovation 93 CRI 2700K)
Extra Electrical Draw from Air Conditioning Due to Incandescent Lamps: ~15,000 Watts
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting
Teqniqal SystemsContact Information:
• Me Erich Friend• Phone: 817.249.4024• Skype: teqniqal• Web: www.teqniqal.com• Blog: www.TheatreSafetyBlog.blogspot.com
• E-mail: efriend@teqniqal.com• Mail: P.O. Box 126287
Fort Worth, Texas 76126
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