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Yalta Conference Potsdam Conference
Misunderstanding Different Ideologies
USSR takes Eastern Europe – worries US US in Western Europe – worries USSR
Truman and StalinStalin a victim of Germany – NEVER AGAINTruman – no appeasement – hard stance
Arms RaceUSSR scared of A Bomb – want their own
Both feared an attack from one another
USA wanted…. Soviets were a threat
to their way of life. Self determination Access to raw
materials and new markets
Rebuild European Governments
Reunite Germany
USSR wanted… Thought they had won
WWII. Want spoils of war Encourage
Communism in Europe No free elections –
Stalin breaks promise Rebuild its economy by
using Eastern Europe Control Eastern Europe
to balance US’s influence
Keep Germany Divided
TRUMAN INFORMS STALIN OF THE ATOMIC BOMB – MISTRUST
At Potsdam, as elsewhere, the secret of the atomic bomb was kept closely guarded. We did not extend the very small circle of Americans who knew about it. Churchill naturally knew about the atomic bomb project from its very beginning, because it had involved the pooling of British and American technical skill.
On July 24 I casually mentioned to Stalin that we had a new weapon of unusual destructive force. The Russian Premier showed no special interest. All he said was that he was glad to hear it and hoped we would make “good use of it against the Japanese.”
Source: Memoirs of Harry S. Truman: Volume I, Year of Decisions (New York: Doubleday, 1955), p. 416.
STALIN’S REACTION TO THE ATOMIC BOMB
Stalin said tersely: “Roosevelt clearly felt no need to put us in the picture. He could have done it at Yalta. He could simply have told me the atom bomb was going through its experimental states. We were supposed to be allies.”
It was noticeable that, even though Stalin was annoyed, he spoke calmly. He continued: “No doubt Washington and London are hoping we won’t be able to develop the bomb ourselves for some time. And meanwhile, using America’s monopoly, in fact America’s and Britain’s, they want to force us to accept their plans on questions affecting Europe and the world. Well, that’s not going to happen!” and now, for once, he cursed in ripe language. A broad grin appeared on the face of my good friend Gusev.
Source: Andrei Gromyko, Memories, Translated by Harold Shukman (London: Century Hutchinson,Ltd., 1989), pp. 108–109.
Who does Billy Joel blame for starting the Cold War
Based on the song, is Joel for or against the Cold War.
WHO STARTED THE COLD WAR???
“Containment”Truman Doctrine Berlin Airlift
From Stettin in the Balkans, to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lies the ancient capitals of Central and Eastern Europe. -- Sir Winston Churchill, 1946
Stalin installs CommunistGovernments in Albania,Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungry, Romania, Poland
Winston Churchill Strong alliance between
USA and GB Henry Wallace –
Secretary of Commerce USSR has the right –
“Getting tough never brought anything real and lasting for the schoolyard bullies or world powers. The tougher we get, the tougher the Russians will get”
List the pros and cons of each plan Who would you have supported? Explain Why did “Containment” win out? How
will this affect America in the future?
Reasoning Communist influence
in Turkey and Greece Cant support
themselves Britain cant do it
either Financial aid “to
support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation”
$400 million in aide to Turkey and Greece
Berlin Blockade Berlin Airlift NATO Warsaw Pact Include…..
Brief summary (including key dates)Key causesMajor effects on cold warMajor arguments in defense of U.S. and
Soviet actions (Cause and Effect)
“European Recovery Program” Provide aid to ALL countries Not against any country or
doctrine, but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos.
12.2 Billion in aid to Western EuropeUSSR refuses Western Europe Helped
1948 – US, GB, and France merge their parts of Germany together
USSR blocks access to Berlin.
The U.S. began a massive airlift of supplies that lasted almost a year. (7,000 tons a day)
Stalin eventually stops this
East Germany is created
NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION (NATO) 1949
United States
Belgium
Britain
Canada
Denmark
France
Iceland
Italy
Luxemburg
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
1952: Greece & Turkey
1955: West Germany
1983: Spain
WARSAW PACT (1955)WARSAW PACT (1955)
} U. S. S. R.U. S. S. R.
} AlbaniaAlbania
} BulgariaBulgaria
} CzechoslovakCzechoslovakiaia
} East East GermanyGermany
} HungaryHungary
} PolandPoland
} RumaniaRumania
Russia detonated its first atom bomb in 1949.
Truman ordered construction of the hydrogen bomb.
How, if at all, do you think communication problems and ideological prejudice contributed to the cold war?
Why were the Berlin blockade and resulting airlift such dramatic and important events in the cold war?
Evaluate Truman’s actions during the early parts of the Cold War
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