and knowledge management systems
TRANSCRIPT
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
AND
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS
CONTENTS
Data, Information & Knowledge
Knowledge Hierarchy
Types of Knowledge
What Is Knowledge Management
Why KM
History of KM
KM Models
KM life cycle
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Role of Information Systems
CONTINUE…
Characteristics of KM in Libraries
Terms Used in KM
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DATA, INFORMATION &
KNOWLEDGE
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KNOWLEDGE HIERARCHY
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EXPLICIT/ TACIT
KNOWLEDGE-TYPES
Tacit knowledge: That type of knowledge whichpeople carry in their mind, and is, therefore,difficult to access.
Explicit knowledge: That type of knowledgewhich has been or can be articulated, codified,and stored in certain media.
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FEATURES
Explicit Knowledge Tacit Knowledge
Tangible Intangible
Physical objects, e.g. in documents or databases
Mental objects, i.e. it's in people's head's
Context independent Context affects meaning
Easily shared Sharing involves learning
Reproducible Not identically replicated
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KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
WHAT IS KNOWLEDGE
MANAGEMENT AND KMS?
Knowledge Management is the collection ofprocesses that govern the creation,dissemination, and utilization of knowledge.
Knowledge management systems refer toany kind of IT system that stores andretrieves knowledge, improves collaboration,locates knowledge sources, minesrepositories for hidden knowledge, capturesand uses knowledge, or in some other wayenhances the KM process.
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WHY KM AND KMS?
To share the knowledge, a company creates exponential benefits from the knowledge as people learn from it.
To build better sensitivity to “brain drain”
For improvement of business process performance
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HISTORY OF KM
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IN 70’S
A number of management theorists havecontributed to the evaluation of KM.
Peter Drucker: Information and knowledge as organizational resources
Peter Senge: "learning organization"
Chaparral Steel: A company having knowledge management strategy
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IN 80’S
Knowledge as a competitive asset was apparent.
Managing knowledge that relied on work done in artificial intelligence and expert systems.
Knowledge management-related articles began appearing in journals and books .
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IN 90’S UNTIL NOW
A number of management consulting firms had begun in-house knowledge management programs.
Knowledge management was introduced in the popular press.
The International Knowledge Management Network(IKMN) went online in 1994.
KM has become multidisciplinary and is linked to from Analytics to Human resource management 2015
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KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
KM MODELS
There are some KM Models:
Nonaka/Takeuchi Knowledge Spiral (1995)
The Choo Sense-making KM Model (1998)
ADAM’s Model (2000-01)
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KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
NONAKA/TAKEUCHI
KNOWLEDGE SPIRAL (1995)
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Tacit to Tacit (Socialization) This dimension explains Social interaction as tacit to tacit knowledge transfer, sharing tacit knowledge face-to-face or through experiences. For example, meetings and brainstorm can support this kind of interaction
Tacit to Explicit (Externalization) - Between tacit and explicit knowledge by Externalization (publishing, articulating knowledge), developing factors, which embed the combined tacit knowledge which enable its communication
Explicit to Explicit (Combination) - Explicit to explicit by Combination (organizing, integrating knowledge), combining different types of explicit knowledge, for example building prototypes
Explicit to Tacit (Internalization) - Explicit to tacit by Internalization (knowledge receiving and application by an individual), enclosed by learning by doing; on the other hand, explicit knowledge becomes part of an individual's knowledge and will be assets for an organization.
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KNOWLEDGE SPIRAL (1995)
THE CHOO SENSE-MAKING
KM MODEL (1998)
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The Choo Sense-Making KM Model (1998)stresses sense making, knowledge creation and decision making. Choo (1998) asserts that the “knowing organizations” are those which use information strategically in the context of three arenas, namely,
(a) sense making,
(b) knowledge creation and
(c) decision making
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ADAM’S MODEL (2000-01)
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KM LIFE CYCLE
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CONTINUE…
Information Mapping: ( To categorize theknowledge assest) Information mapping is a
process by which organizations can identify and
categories knowledge assets within their
organization.
Information Storaging: Information storing that
contains knowledge repositories such as
databases, data warehouses, and information
centers and indicates electronic environment of
organizational memory.
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CONTINUES…
Information Retrieving: In this stage, knowledge
is stored and retrieved via information retrieval
systems.
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KNOWLEDGE USING
Organizations use knowledge for three reasons:
Knowledge can be used for determiningorganization’s work processes and makingstrategies for sustainable competitive advantage.
Knowledge can be used for designing andmarketing product.
Knowledge plays a critical role of organization’sservices quality
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KNOWLEDGE AUDITING
Knowledge auditing means what amount ofknowledge can be used in organization’sproducts, services and processes.
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TERMS USED IN KM
There are some terms used in KM:
Knowledge architect
Knowledge assets
Knowledge bridge
Knowledge Workers
Knowledge Economy
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KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
The knowledge economy is a term that referseither to an economy of knowledge focused onthe production and management of knowledgein the frame of economic constraints, or to aknowledge-based economy.
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