1

Government College of Teacher

Education

Thiruvananthapuram

ASSIGNMENT

Submitted to

Dr. ISSAC PAUL

Assistant Professor& HOD

Department of Commerce

Submitted by

Anupama . m

Semester II

B.Ed. Commerce

2

Submitted on

05 October 2015

Topic:

ICT Integrated Instruction in the

Teaching-

Learning of Commerce at Higher

Secondary Level

3

INTRODUCTION

The last few decades have witnessed a pretended flow of information across the globe

consequent to the emergence of various technologies. The information and communication

technology has played a significant role in these dynamics which has not only made access

across the globe is a, but has facilitated integration of thought process. In the current context, a

school teacher has an added responsibility of designing and information and communication

technology (ICT) strategy and overseeing its implementation process in his or her school.

Today Indian higher secondary schools are shifting the focus from traditional instruction

to ICT assisted instruction. This is a field where ICT is going to make a bigger impact and

commerce teachers need to put more effort in these. Today learning has moved from the teacher

to the student. Later has to learn by exploring and also by working with peers. The role of the

teacher is not providing information but guide students to find required information. Both

teachers and students become co-learners. ICT provides alternate sources of knowledge and

information and teachers can therefore be free from managing classrooms to concentrate on

enhancing the quality o learning experience for students. These leads to more qualitative

communication between the teachers and students thus blurring the line between them.

What is really amazing is that the developments are being telescoped into shorter and

shorter time spans and this is the crux of the matter. As a result, the learning tools at the

command of the children are getting more effective and sophisticated. At the root of this

revolution are the personal computer, the television set, video cassettes, the satellite network and

what not. And there is no stopping this avalanche of change as the world approaches the 21st

century. Information Technology (IT) and computer networks are becoming an important part of

the life. IT and computers are widely used to expand teaching possibilities. As education is a

4

complex process in which human and technical resources should be used carefully, concepts

related to teaching and learning has changed radically. Computer and related technologies are the

widely used, effective and excellent visualization media and hence these are widely used all over

the world. Information and communication technologies (ICT) have become commonplace

entities in all aspects of life. Across the past twenty years the use of ICT has fundamentally

changed the practices and procedures of nearly all forms of Endeavour within business and

governance. Education is a very socially oriented activity and quality education has traditionally

been associated with strong teachers having high degrees of personal contact with learners.

The use of ICT in education lends itself to more student-centered learning settings. But

with the world moving rapidly into digital media and information, the role of ICT in education is

becoming more and more important and this importance will continue to grow and develop in the

21st century. Education policymakers widely accept that improved access to information and

communication technology (ICT) in education can help individuals to compete in a global

economy by creating a skilled work force and facilitating social mobility.

ICT AND ITS IMPERATIVES

Information and communication technology (ICT) refers to the integration of computing

technology and communication. It can be defined as ‘ anything which allows as to get

information to communicate with each other, or to have an effect on the environment using

electronic or digital equipment’. The early computers were designed to aid computation however

today there use has become diverse and computation is just one among the many functions a

computer is used for. These coupled with the reach of telecommunication, have become a major

driver of change all over the world. It has brought unprecedented changes in many walks of life

and education is no exception. In India, IT has taken long strides in the field of education

especially in schools. The government of India’s CLASS (Computer Literacy and Awareness in

Secondary Schools) Project in mid 1980’s could be marked as the genesis of this moment

however, for a longtime ICT in school simply referred to IT education (teaching of LOGO,

BASIC and so on). Only recently has its scope being extended to include ICT in education and

school administration

In simple terms "ICT" is the Information and Communication Technologies. "ICT in

Education" means "Teaching and Learning with ICT". Worldwide research has shown that ICT

can lead to improved student learning and better teaching methods. A report made by the

National Institute of Multimedia Education in Japan, proved that an increase in student exposure

5

to educational ICT through curriculum integration has a significant and positive impact on

student achievement, especially in terms of "Knowledge Comprehension" · "Practical skill" and

"Presentation skill" in subject areas such as mathematics, science, and commerce. In detailed

view we can define ICT as a parasol term that includes any communication device or application

, encompassing radio, television, cellular phones, computers and networks ,hardware and

software ,satellite systems and so on as well as the various and applications associated with them

such as video conferencing and distance learning. The advantages of ICT in education are

depending upon the way in which the instructor combines the tools in instruction process. There

is other famous quote in regard to this. "You can be given computers, but if you don't have the

capacity and ability to use them, it e disappointing, “said KK Pai, educational administrator and

former Chairman of Syndicate Bank.

ICT IN TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS

In teaching learning process easier understanding of the content due to the using

of ICT, and increasing the fastness and attractiveness of the teaching modalities which combine

the ICT with traditional methods. Some teachers found it was also good opportunity to discuss

with another teacher on how they can improve their teaching methods. They pointed that the use

of ICT in the teaching process of commences leads to an important increasing of pupil

motivation. The field of education has been affected by ICTs, which have undoubtedly affected

teaching, learning and research. ICTs have the potential to accelerate, enrich, and deepen skills,

to motivate and engage students, to help relate school experience to work practices, create

economic viability for tomorrow's workers, as well as strengthening teaching and helping

schools change In a rapidly changing world, basic education is essential for an individual be able

to access and apply information. Such ability must find include ICTs in the global village.

Conventional teaching has emphasized content.

For many years course have been written around textbooks. Teachers have taught

through lectures and presentations interspersed with tutorials and learning activities designed to

consolidate and rehearse the content. Contemporary settings are now favoring curriculum that

promote competency and performance. Curriculum is starting to emphasize capabilities and to be

6

concerned more with how the information will be used than with what the information is.

Contemporary ICTs are able to provide strong support for all these requirements and there are

now many outstanding examples of world class settings for competency and performance-based

curricula that make sound use of the affordances of these technologies. The integration of

information and communication technologies can help revitalize teachers and students. This can

help to improve and develop the quality of education by providing curricular support in difficult

subject areas. To achieve these objectives, teachers need to be involved in collaborative projects

and development of intervention change strategies, which would include teaching partnerships

with ICT as a tool.

ADVANTAGES OF ICT ASSISTED TEACHING

According to research the following are the advantages of ICT assisted teaching over

traditional classroom teaching;

1. Learners are able to access high quality teaching and learning at any time and place.

2. Information previously available only through a teacher or instructor is accessible on

demand through computers and internet.

3. Well designed multimedia learning materials can be more effective than the traditional

classroom methods. Because students learn more easily and quickly through illustrations,

animation, different structuring of material, and increased control of interaction with

learning materials.

4. New technologies can be designed to develop and facilitating higher order learning skills

such as problem solving, decision making and critical thinking.

5. Interaction with teachers can be structured and managed through online communication to

provide greater access and flexibility for both students and teacher.

6. Computer mediated communication can facilitate team teaching.

7

Evidence in support of the use of ICT :

1. Empowerment: Students feel more power in hand

2. Engagement : Students get to collect data and analyze them

3. Authenticity : students feel that technology has helped them

4. Leading with technology: Students feel ICT will give them an edge in the later part of

their life.

ICT AND SECONDARY EDUCATION

ICT increases the flexibility of delivery of education so that learners can access

knowledge anytime and from anywhere. It can influence the way students are taught and how

they learn as now the processes are learner driven and not by teachers. This in turn would better

prepare the learners for lifelong learning as well as to improve the quality of learning. In concert

with geographical flexibility, technology-facilitated educational programs also remove many of

the temporal constraints that face learners with special needs. Students are starting to appreciate

the capability to undertake education anywhere, anytime and anyplace. One of the most vital

contributions of ICT in the field of education is- Easy Access to Learning. With the help of ICT,

students can now browse through e-books, sample examination papers, previous year papers etc.

and can also have an easy access to resource persons, mentors, experts, researchers,

professionals, and peers-all over the world. more learners who previously were constrained by

other commitments ICT enhancing learning Environment ICT presents an entirely new learning

environment for students, thus requiring a different skill set to be successful. Critical thinking,

research, and evaluation skills are growing in importance as students have increasing volumes of

8

information from a variety of sources to sort. ICT is changing processes of teaching and learning

by adding elements of vitality to learning environments including virtual environments for the

six purpose. ICT is a potentially powerful tool for offering educational opportunities. It is

difficult and maybe even impossible to imagine future learning environments that are not

supported, in one way or another, by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT).

When looking at the current widespread diffusion and use of ICT in modern societies, especially

by the young the so-called digital generation then it should be clear that ICT will affect the

complete learning process today and in the future. Authenticity is an important issue which

should be addressed in the design and development of learning environments. Learning

environments need to reflect the potential uses of knowledge that pupils are expected to master,

in order to prevent the acquired knowledge from becoming inert. In addition, teachers should

stimulate pupils to engage in active knowledge construction. This calls for open-ended learning

environments instead of learning environments which focus on a mere transmission of facts. ICT

may contribute to creating powerful learning environments in numerous ways. ICT enhancing

learning motivation ICTs can enhance the quality of education in several ways, by increasing

learner motivation and engagement, by facilitating the acquisition of basic skills, and by

enhancing teacher training. ICTs are also transformational tools which, when used appropriately,

can promote the shift to a learner centered environment. ICTs, especially computers and Internet

technologies, enable new ways of teaching and learning rather than simply allow teachers and

students to do what they have done before in a better way. ICT has an impact not only on what

students should learn, but it also plays a major role on how the students should learn. Along with

a shift of curricula from “content-centered” to “competence-based”, the mode of curricula

delivery has now shifted from “teacher centered” forms of delivery to “student-centred” forms of

delivery. ICT provides Motivation to Learn. ICTs such as videos, television and multimedia

computer software that combine text, sound, and colorful moving images can be used to provide

challenging and authentic content that will engage the student in the learning process. Interactive

radio likewise makes use of sound effects, songs, dramatizations, comic skits, and other

performance conventions to compel the students to listen and become more involved in the

lessons being delivered. Some of the parents of the respondents opined that their children were

feeling more motivated than before in such type of teaching in the classroom rather than the

stereotype 45 minutes lecture. They were of the view that this type of learning process is much

9

more effective than the monotonous monologue classroom situation where the teacher just

lectures from a raised platform and the students just listen to the teacher.

ICT changes the characteristics of problems and learning tasks, and hence play an

important task as mediator of cognitive development, enhancing the acquisition of generic

cognitive competencies as essential for life in our knowledge society. Students using ICTs for

learning purposes become immersed in the process of learning and as more and more students

use computers as information sources and cognitive tools, the influence of the technology on

supporting how students learn will continue to increase. ICT enhancing the scholastic

performance Based on the extensive usage of ICTs in education the need appeared to unravel the

myth that surrounds the use of information and communication technology (ICT) as an aid to

teaching and learning, and the impact it has on students’ academic performance. ICTs are said to

help expand access to education, strengthen the relevance of education to the increasingly digital

workplace, and raise educational quality. However, the experience of introducing different ICTs

in the classroom and other educational settings all over the world over the past several decades

suggests that the full realization of the potential educational benefits of ICT. The direct link

between ICT use and students’ academic performance has been the focus of extensive literature

during the last two decades. ICT helps students to their learning by improving the

communication between them and the instructors. The analysis of the effects of the

methodological and technological innovations on the students’ attitude towards the learning

process and on students’ performance seems to be evolving towards a consensus, according to

which an appropriate use of digital technologies in 8 educations can have significant positive

effects both on students’ attitude and their achievement.

10

ROLE OF ICT IN COMMERCE CLASS

The role ICT in commerce education goes for beyond the direct use of instructional

devices. IT can provide coverage of a growing knowledgebase associate with the information

explosion in all areas including commerce ICT can meaning fully communicate all type of

information in graphics text audio and video. ICT provide also a broad diversity of learning

activities. Commerce is subject which has more practical implications. Without updating, one

commerce student cannot succeed in a world which changes day by day. ICTs for education

refers to the development of information and communications technology specifically for

teaching/learning purposes, while the ICTs in education involves the adoption of general

components of information and communication technologies in the teaching learning process.

The adoption and use of ICTs in education have a positive impact on teaching, learning, and

research. ICT can affect the delivery of education and enable wider access to the same. In

addition, it will increase flexibility so that learners can access the education regardless of time

and geographical barriers. It can influence the way students are taught and how they learn. It

would provide the rich environment and motivation for teaching learning process which seems to

have a profound impact on the process of learning in education by offering new possibilities for

learners and teachers. These possibilities can have an impact on student performance and

achievement. Similarly wider availability of best practices and best course material in education,

which can be shared by means of ICT, can foster better teaching and improved academic

achievement of students.

This part deals with various measures through which ICT can be clubbed in learning

teaching process. a) E-Learning The term E-Learning is derived from, electronic learning and

refers to technology based learning or the electronic delivery of learning. It covers a wide range

of distributed knowledge applications and processe. Thus E-Learning includes the delivery of

content via all electronic media, including the internet ,intranets, extranet, satellite broadcast

,audio/video tapes, interactive TV and CD –ROM.The term Online Learning although sometimes

11

used interchangeably with E-Learning .it refers more precisely to web based learning ,which

constitutes just one part of the technology based learning spectrum; learning via internet.

Learning is a combination of learning services and technology to provide high quality integrated

learning at any time and any place. It results from a new blend of resources, interactivity,

performance and structured learning activities .The methodology followed in ELearning makes

use of various technologies to enhance the quality of the learning process, realization of the

educational objectives aimed at and by catering to the needs of a more diverse learner population

with minimal expenditure. b) Internet is a network of network where thousands of computers are

connected to a worldwide network through a common communication protocol. Internet is the

world’s wonder network carrying information on almost any subject under the sun .It is known

as the Information superhighway. People exchange many types of information in all social

contexts on the internet. Libraries and reference books are accessed through internet .The

internet stretches throughout the world with points of access at libraries in thousands of

universities and colleges. c) PowerPoint Presentation Power point is one of the most powerful

presentation –software’s developed by the Microsoft Corporation. Presentation software’s are

used to present an idea, topic message, lecture, information etc. on a subject in front of an

audience using computer system and LCD projector. In power point software, the teachers and

students can develop their own slides in the subject of interest. The term SLIDE is used in power

point denotes the presentation programme files .A slide can be made more attractive and

catching by combining pictures, graphics, audio and video clips. d) Interactive Cd ROM CD

Rom (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) are the storage media used to record, retrieve, read and

replay the digitally formatted content of programmes and packages The content or topic to be

taught are programmed and stored in the CDs with multimedia features and effect.

CONCLUSION

Information technology and computer networks are becoming an important part in our

life. Developing virtual education and distend learning methods are replacing the classical

methods of education. IT and computers are widely used to expand teaching possibilities as

education is complex process in which human and technical resources should be used very

carefully concept related to teaching and learning hence changed rapidly. In the era of dynamic

12

changes in the field of commerce, trade and industry. IT has a pivotal role to play in the

education of that discipline. The role of ICT in commerce education goes for beyond the direct

use of instructional devices. ICT can provide coverage of a growing knowledge base associated

with the information explosion in all areas including commerce. So the practices and availability

of ICT enabled course material can foster better teaching and improving the level of performance

of the students.

Reference:

Websites

1. http://www.uis.unesco.org/Communication/Documents/ICT-arab-states-en

2. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/ICT_Education/Keyin_Integrating_ICTs_in_Education.